Muscles of the Back, Neck and Pectoral Region

Question 1

Rhomboid Minor and Major

Answer 1

Origin: Spinous processes of C7-T5

Insertion: Medial border of scapula

Actions: Retraction of scapula, Elevation of scapula, Downward rotation of scapula

Question 1

Trapezius

Answer 1

Origins: Nuchal ligament, Spinous processes of C7-C12, Occipital bone

Insertions: Clavicle, Spine of scapula, Acromion process

Actions: Elevate scapula, Adduction/retraction of scapula, Upward rotation of scapula, Depression of scapula

Question 2

Levator Scapulae

Answer 2

Origin: C1-C4 transverse processes

Insertion: Superior medial border of scapula

Actions: Scapula elevation, Downward rotation of scapula

Question 3

Latissimus Dorsi

Answer 3

Origins: Posterior sacrum, Lower thoracic vertebrae, Lumbar vertebra

Insertion: Bicipital groove of humerus

Actions: Extension of arm at shoulder, medial rotation of humerus, adduction of humerus

Question 4

Serratus Anterior

Answer 4

Medial Attachment: Ribs 1-9

Lateral Attachment: Medial border of scapula (anterior surface)

Actions: Abduction/protraction of scapula, Upward rotation of scapula

Question 5

Pectoralis Minor

Answer 5

Origin: Ribs 2-5

Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula

Actions: Weak shoulder protraction, Downward rotation of scapula

Question 6

Pectoralis Major

Answer 6

Origins: Medial clavicle, Costal cartilage of ribs 1-6

Insertion: Bicipital groove of humerus

Actions: Flexion of arm at shoulder, Extension of flexed arm, Medial rotation of humerus, Adduction of humerus

Question 7

Sternoclediomastoid

Answer 7

Origins: Manubrium of sternum, Medial 1/3 of clavicle.

Insertions: Mastoid process of temporal bone, Lateral 1/3 of superior nuchal line of occipital bone

Actions: Bilateral- Neck Flexion. Unilateral- Lateral rotation and lateral flexion of neck

Question 8

Erector Spinae Muscle Group

Answer 8

Origins: Iliac crest, Sacrum, Lumbar spinous processes, T11-T12 spinous processes.

Insertion: Ribs, Spinous and transverse processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae

Actions: Back extension, Lateral flexion of back

Question 9

Deltoid

Answer 9

Origins: Acromion process, Spine of scapula, Clavicle

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Actions: Flexion of humerus, extension of humerus, lateral rotation of humerus, medial rotation of humerus, abduction of humerus

Question 10

Supraspinatus

Answer 10

Origin: Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Actions: Abduction of humerus

Question 10

Infraspinatus

Answer 10

Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Actions: Lateral rotation of humerus

Question 10

Subscapularis

Answer 10

Origin: Subscapular fossa of scapula

Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus

Actions: Medial rotation of humerus

Question 10

Teres Minor

Answer 10

Origin: Lateral border of scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Actions: Lateral rotation of humerus, extension of humerus

Question 10

Teres Major

Answer 10

Origin: Inferior angle of scapula

Insertion: Bicipital groove of humerus

Actions: Medial rotation of arm, Extension of arm, Adduction of arm

Question 10

Which muscles retract the scapula?

Answer 10

Trapezius and Rhomboid Minor + Major

Question 10

Which muscles elevate the scapula?

Answer 10

Trapezius, Rhomboid Minor + Major, Levator Scapulae

Question 10

Which muscles help with the downward rotation of the scapula?

Answer 10

Rhomboid Minor + Major, Pectoralis Minor, Levator Scapulae

Question 10

Which muscles help with the medial rotation of the humerus?

Answer 10

Latissimus Dorsi, Deltoids, Pectoralis Major, Teres Major, Subscapularis

Question 10

Which muscles help with the lateral rotation of the humerus?

Answer 10

Infraspinatus, Deltoid, Teres Minor

Question 11

Which muscles abduct the humerus?

Answer 11

Serratus Anterior, Supraspinatus

Question 12

Which muscles adduct the humerus?

Answer 12

Latissimus Dorsi, Pectoralis Minor, Teres Major

Question 13

Which muscle does the depression of the scapula?

Answer 13

Trapezius

Question 14

Which muscles help with the upward rotation of the scapula?

Answer 14

Trapezius, Serratus Anterior

Question 15

Which muscles insert to the bicipital groove of the humerus?

Answer 15

Latissimus dorsi and Pectoralis Major

Question 16

Which two muscles have the origins as the other ones insertions

Answer 16

The deltoid’s origins are the same as the trapezius’s insertions

Question 17

Which muscles make up the rotator cuff?

Answer 17

Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis

Question 18

Which muscles extend the humerus/arm?

Answer 18

Latissimus dorsi, Teres minor, Teres major, Deltoid