Muscles Of The Lower Limb

Question 1

What are the main actions of the anterior thigh muscles?

Answer 1

Hip flexion, knee extension

Question 2

What nerve innervates the main anterior thigh muscles?

Answer 2

Femoral nerve

Question 3

Sartorius

Answer 3

A:flexion of hip, abduction of thigh, flexion of knee
I:femoral nerve

Question 4

Name the muscles of the medial thigh

Answer 4

Adductor Magnus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Gracilis
Obturator externus

Question 5

What is the main action of the medial thigh muscles?

Answer 5

Adduction

Question 6

What nerve innervates the medial thigh muscles?

Answer 6

Obturator nerve

Question 7

Name the muscles of the gluteal region

Answer 7

Gluteus maximus 
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Obturator internus
Piriformis
Superior gemelli
Inferior gemelli
Quadratus femoris

Question 8

Gluteus maximus

Answer 8

I: inferior gluteal nerve
A: extensor of the femur, assists lateral rotation

Question 9

Gluteus medius and minimus

Answer 9

I: superior gluteal nerve
A: abduct femur, prevent pelvic drop

Question 10

Obturator internus

Answer 10

A: lateral rotation
I: nerve to obturator internus

Question 11

Piriformis

Answer 11

A: lateral rotation and abduction
I: nerve to piriformis from sacral plexus
Divides the greater static foremen into superior and inferior

Question 12

Superior gemelli

Answer 12

A: lateral rotation
I: nerve to obturator internus

Question 13

Inferior gemelli

Answer 13

A: lateral rotation
I: nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 14

Quadratus femoris

Answer 14

A: lateral rotation
I: nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 15

Name the posterior thigh muscles

Answer 15

Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris (long and short head)

Question 16

Semitendinosus

Answer 16

I: tibial nerve
A: extends thigh, flexes leg

Question 17

Semimembranosus

Answer 17

I: tibial nerve
A: flexes leg, extends thigh

Question 18

Long head of biceps femoris

Answer 18

I: tibial nerve
A: flexes leg, extends thigh

Question 19

Short head of biceps femoris

Answer 19

I: common fibular nerve
A: flexes leg, medial rotation

Question 20

Name the anterior muscles of the thigh

Answer 20

Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis 
Rectus femoris 
Sartorius
Tensor of fascia lata 
Iliacus
Psoas major
Psoas minor
Iliopsoas 
Pectineus

Question 21

Name the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg

Answer 21

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallicus longus
Fibularis tertius

Question 22

What nerve supplies the anterior muscles of the leg?

Answer 22

Deep Fibular nerve

Question 23

What are the main actions of the anterior muscles of the leg?

Answer 23

Dorsiflexion of the foot
Extension of the digits
(Eversion/inversion of foot)

Question 24

Name the lateral muscles of the leg

Answer 24

Fibularis longus

Fibularis brevis

Question 25

What are the main actions of the lateral muscles of the leg?

Answer 25

Foot eversion | Some plantarflexion

Question 26

What nerve innervates the lateral muscles of the leg?

Answer 26

Superficial Fibular nerve

Question 27

Name the superficial muscles of the posterior leg

Answer 27

Gastrocnemius Plantaris Soleus

Question 28

What innervates the posterior leg muscles?

Answer 28

The tibial nerve

Question 29

What are the main actions of the superficial posterior leg muscles?

Answer 29

Plantarflexion of the foot | Flexion of the knee

Question 30

Name the deep muscles of the posterior leg

Answer 30

Popliteus Flexor hallicus longus Flexor digitorum longus Tibialis posterior

Question 31

What are the actions of the deep posterior leg muscles?

Answer 31

Popliteus initiates flexion of the knee Flexor hallucis/digitorum longus flex the digits Tibialis posterior flexes and inverts the foots.

Question 32

What structures pass under the flexor retinaculum? (Medial to lateral)

Answer 32

``` Tibialis posterior tendon Flexor digitorum longus tendon Posterior tibial artery Posterior tibial vein Tibial nerve Flexor hallucis longus tendon ``` TOM, DICK AND VERY NAUGHTY HARRY