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Muscles Of The Thigh Flashcards

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1
Q

Muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh

A

Quadriceps femoris
Sartorius
Pectineus
Illiopsoas

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2
Q

Divisions of muscles of the thigh

A

Anterior or extensor muscles
Medial or adductor
Posterior or flexor

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3
Q

Innervation of anterior thigh muscles

A

Femoral nerves

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4
Q

Innervation of medial group

A

Obturator nerve

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5
Q

Innervation of posterior group

A

Tibial portion of the sciatic nerve

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6
Q

Largest portion of thigh muscle

A

Anterior part

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7
Q

What is the flat quadrangular muscle

A

Pectineus muscle

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8
Q

Location of pectineus muscle

A

Superiomedial aspect of the anterior thigh

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9
Q

Location of pectineus muscle

A

Superiomedial aspect of the anterior thigh

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10
Q

Layers of pectineus muscle

A

Superficial and deep layer, innervated by 2 different nerves

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11
Q

Actions of pectineus

A

Adducts
Flexes
Assists in medial rotation

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12
Q

What is the most powerful flexor of the thigh
And chief flexor of the hip

A

Illiopsoas

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13
Q

Parts of the illiopsoas

A

The broad lateral illiacus
It’s long medial psoas major

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14
Q

Origination of illiacus

A

Illiac fossa

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15
Q

Origination of psoas

A

Lumbar vertebrae

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16
Q

Attachment of illiopsoas

A

Vertebra column
Pelvis
Femur

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17
Q

Another name for deep fascia of the thigh is

A

Fascia lata

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18
Q

Where does the superficial fascia of the abdominal wall fuse with the fascia lata

A

Below the inguinal ligament, at the skin crease of the hip joint

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19
Q

Attachment of the fascia lata

A

Inguinal ligament
Bony margin of the pelvis
Tibial condyles
Head of fibula
Patella

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20
Q

Describe the 3 fascia septa

A

They pass from the deep surface, to insert onto the linea aspera of the femur , dividing the thigh into 3 compartments.

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21
Q

Laterally the fascia lata condenses to what

A

Illiotibial tract

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22
Q

The illiotibial tract attached above to what

A

Illiac crest

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23
Q

Illiotibial tract receives insertion for which muscles

A

Tensor fascia lata
Gluteus Maximus

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24
Q

Insertion of illiotibial tract

A

Lateral condyle of the tibia

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25
What is the saphenous opening
It is a gap in the deep fascia, filled with loose connective tissue at cribiform fascia
26
What pierces the cribiform fascia to drain into the femoral vein
The great saphenous vein
27
Structures that are transmitted through the saphenous opening
Superficial branches of the femoral artery and lymphatics
28
Proximal attachment of pectineus
Superior ramus of pubis
29
Distal attachment
Pectineal line of femur, inferior to lesser trochanter
30
Innervation of pectineus muscle
Femoral nerve L2,L3
31
Which muscle is relatively hidden
Iliopsoas Most of its mass is located in the posterior wall of the abdomen and greater pelvis
32
Another name for sartorius muscle is what
Tailors muscle
33
Sartorius passes lateral to medial
Across the superioanterior part of thigh
34
Course of sartorius muscle
Lies superficial in the anterior component, , within it's own fascia sheath, it descends inferiorly as far as the medial side of the knee
35
Sartorius acts across how many joints
2 joints Flexes the hip joint and participated in flexion of the knee joint
36
Action of sartorius muscle
Weakly abducts the thigh Laterally rotates it It's action bring the lower limbs into a cross legged sitting position
37
What muscle forms the main bulk of the anterior thigh
The quadriceps femoris
38
Muscles that makes up the quadriceps
Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius
39
What muscle is the chief extensor of the leg
Quadriceps femoris
40
Antagonist muscle group of the quadriceps
Is the hamstring muscle, the quadriceps is 3 times stronger
41
The tendons of the quadriceps unite in the distal part of the thigh to form what
A single strong broad quadriceps tendon
42
What is continuation of the quadriceps tendon
Patellar ligament ( the patella is embedded in it)
43
Distally the patella ligament is attached to what
Tibial tuberosity
44
Explain the medial and lateral patella retinacula
The medial and lateral vasti muscles attach independently to the patella and forms this aponeurosis
45
Another name for rectus is what
Straight, the muscle runs straight down
46
The rectus muscle attaches to the hipbone and tibia via what
Patella ligament
47
Actions of the rectus
Flexing the thigh at the hip joint Extending the leg at the knee joint
48
What part of the quadriceps crosses the hip joint
The rectus
49
The articular genu/ articular muscle of the knee is a derivative of what
Vastus intermedius
50
Course of articularis genu
It usually consists of a variable number of muscular slips that attaches superiorly to the inferior part of anterior aspect of femur and inferiorly to the synovial membrane of the knee joint and the wall of the suprapatellar bursa
51
Action of the articularis genu muscle
It pulls the synnovial membrane superiorly during extension of the leg, preventing folds of the membrane from being compressed between the patella and femur within the knee joint
52
Proximal attachment of sartorius
Anterior superior iliac spine Superior part of notch inferior to it
53
Distal attachment of sartorius
Superior part of medial surface of tibia
54
Proximal attachment of illiacus
Iliac crest Iliac fossa Ala of sacrum Anterior sacro iliac ligament
55
Distal attachment of illiacus
Tendon of psoas major Lesser trochanter Femur distal to it
56
Proximal attachment of psoas major and psoas minor
Psoas major Sides of T12_L5 vertebrae abs disc between them, transverse process of all lumbar vertebrae. Psoas minor Sides of T12_L1 vertebrae and iv discs
57
Distal attachment of psoas major
Lesser trochanter of femur
58
Distal attachment of psoas minor
Pectineal line and iliopubic eminence via iliopectineal arch
59
Actions of sartorius
Flexes Abducts Laterally rotates thigh at hip joint Flexes leg at knee joint
60
Actions of illiopsoas
Flexes thigh at hip joint Stabilizes hip joint
61
Proximal attachment of rectus femoris
Anterior inferiorly iliac spine Ilium superior to acebtabulum
62
Proximal attachment of vastus lateralis
Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur
63
Proximal attachment of vastus medialis
Medial lip of linea aspera of femur Inter trochanteric line
64
Proximal attachment of vastus intermedius
Anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur
65
Distal attachment of quadriceps
Via quadriceps tendon Independent attachment to base of patellar Indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity.
66
Medial thigh muscles
Adductor longus Adductor brevis Adductor magnus Gracilis Obturator externus
67
Describe the adductor longus
It is a large , fan shaped muscle It is the most anteriorly placed
68
Which muscle is a short adductor
The adductor brevis
69
Where does the adductor brevis lie
It lies deep to the pectineus and adductor longus
70
The obturator nerve emerges from where
The obturator canal to enter the medial compartment of the thigh, it splits into an anterior and posterior division
71
The 2 divisions of the obturator nerve pass where
Anterior and posterior to the adductor brevis
72
Properties of the adductor magnus
It is the largest Most powerful And most posterior of the adductor magnus
73
Shape of the adductor magnus
It is a fan shaped muscle
74
Describe the medial margin of the adductor magnus
It is thick And has an adductor part and a hamstring part
75
Describe the gracilis muscle
It is a long strap like muscle
76
Which muscle is the most medial of the thigh muscles
Gracilis
77
Most superficial adductor muscle
Gracilis
78
Weakest adductor muscle
Gracilis
79
Which adductor muscle crosses the hip and knee joint
The gracilis
80
What other muscles does the gracilis join with
It joins with two other 2 joint muscles, called semi tendinous and sartorius
81
The common tendinous insertion of the 3 two joint muscle is what
The pes anserinus otherwise known as the goose foot) into the superior part of the medial surface of the tibia
82
Actions of per anersium muscles
Add stability to the medial part of extended knee
83
Describe the obturator externus
It is a flat , small, fan shaped muscle Placed in the superiomedial part of the thigh
84
Adductor hiatus
It is an opening or apperture between, the aponeurotic distal attachment of the adductor part of the adductor magnus and the tendinous distal attachment of the hamstring part
85
Functions of the adductor hiatus
It transmits the femoral artery and vein from the adductor canal in the thigh to the popliteal fossa posterior to the knee
86
Location of opening of adductor hiatus
It is located just lateral and superior to the adductor tubercle of the femur
87
Proximal attachment of adductor longus
Body of pubis Inferior to pubic crest
88
Proximal attachment of adductor brevis
Body of pubis Inferior ramus of pubis
89
Proximal attachment of adductor magnus
Adductor part: inferior ramus of pubis and ramus of ischium Hamstring part: ischial tuberosity
90
Proximal attachment of gracilis
Body and infer ramus of pubis
91
Proximal attachment of obturator externus
Margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane
92
Distal attachment of adductor longus
Middle third of linea aspera of femur
93
Distal attachment of adductor brevis
Pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur
94
Distal attachment of adductor part of magnus
Gluteal tuberosity Linea aspera Medial supracondylar line
95
Distal attachment of hamstring of adductor magnus
Adductor tubercle of femur
96
Distal attachment of gracilis
Superior part of medial surface of tibia
97
Distal attachment of obturator externus
Trochanteric fossa of femur
98
Functions of adductor longus
Adducts thigh
99
Functions of adductor brevis
Adducts thigh Flexes it to some extent
100
Functions of adductor magnus
Adducts thigh Adductor part: flexes thigh Hamstring part: extends thigh
101
Functions of gracilis
Adducts thigh Flexes leg, medial rotates legs
102
Functions of obturator externus
Laterally rotates thigh Steadies head of femur in acetabulum
103
Innervation of adductor magnus
Adductor part Obturator nerve (L2,L3 , L4) Hamstring part Tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4)
104
Innervation of adductor longus
Obturator nerve and branch of anterior division L2, L3 ,L4
105
All anterior muscles are supplied by the femoral nerve except
Psoas major
106
The skin of the gluteal region is richly innervated by
Superior Middle and inferior clunial nerves
107
Muscles of the posterior thigh
Semi tendinous Semi membranous Biceps femoris
108
Another name for posterior thigh muscle is
Hamstring muscle
109
Proximal attachment of semi tendinous and semi membranous
Ischial tuberosity
110
Distal attachment of semi tendinous
Medial surface of superior part of tibia
111
Distal attachment of semi membranous
Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia
112
Innervation of semi tendinous and semi membranous
Tibial division of sciatic nerve part of tibia L5,S1,S2
113
Functions of semi tendinous and semi membranous
Extends thigh Flexes leg Medially rotates the leg when knee is flexed
114
Proximal attachment of biceps femoris
Long head. Ischial tuberosity Short head linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
115
Distal attachment of biceps femoris
Lateral side of head of fibula
116
Innervation of biceps femoris
Long head: tibial division of sciatic nerve Short head: common fibular division of sciatic nerve L5,S1,S2.
117
Functions of biceps femoris
Flexes legs and laterally rotates it when knee is flexed Extends thigh
118
Deep fascia of the thigh is called
Fascia lata
119
The fascia lata is thicker on which side
The lateral side and it is called the illiotibial band

Lower Limbs (6 decks)

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