Muscles of the upper limb

Question 0

Pectoralis Minor

Answer 0

• Depression of the shoulder

- Medial pectoral nerve innervation

Question 1

Pectoralis Major

Answer 1

• Adduct and medially rotate the humerus at the shoulder

- Medial and lateral pectoral nerve innervation

Question 2

Serratus Anterior

Answer 2

• Rotates the scapula (allowing arm to be raised >90degrees)
• Holds scapula against the ribcage

-Long thoracic nerve innervation

Question 3

Subclavius

Answer 3

• Anchors and depresses the clavicle

- Subclavian nerve innervation

Question 4

Trapezium

Answer 4

• Upper fibres elevate and rotate the scapula during abduction of the arm
• Middle fibres retract the scapula
• Lower fibres pull scapula inferiorly

-Accessory nerve innervation

Question 5

Latissimus Dorsi

Answer 5

• Extends, adducts and medially rotates the upper limb

- Thoracodorsal nerve innervation

Question 6

Levator Scapulae

Answer 6

• Elevates the scapula

- Dorsal scapula nerve innervation

Question 7

Rhomboids

Answer 7

• Retracts and rotates the scapula

- Dorsal scapula nerve innervation

Question 8

Deltoid

Answer 8

• Anterior fibres flex arm at the shoulder
• Posterior fibres extend arm at shoulder
• Middle fibres abduct the arm (+15degrees)

-Axillary nerve innervation

Question 9

Teres Major

Answer 9

• Adducts the shoulder
• Medially rotates the arm

-Lower subscapula nerve innervation

Question 10

Supraspinatous

Answer 10

• Abducts the arm 0-15degrees, then assists deltoid

- Suprascapula nerve innervation

Question 11

Infraspinatous

Answer 11

• Laterally rotates the arm

- Suprascapula nerve innervation

Question 12

Subscapularis

Answer 12

• Medially rotates the arm

- Upper and lower subscapula nerves

Question 13

Teres Minor

Answer 13

• Laterally rotates the arm

- Axillary nerve innervation

Question 14

Biceps Brachii

Answer 14

(Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula. Short head: coracoid process of scapula. Both go to the radial tuberosity)

• Supination of the forearm
• Flexes arm at the elbow/shoulder

-Musculocutaneous nerve innervation

Question 15

Coracobrachialis

Answer 15

• Flexor of the arm at the shoulder

- Musculocutaneous nerve innervation

Question 16

Brachialis

Answer 16

• Flexor of the arm at the elbow

- Musculocutaneous nerve innervation

Question 17

Triceps Brachii

Answer 17

(Infraglenoid tubercle/humerus - either side of radial groove; to the olecranon of the ulna)

• Extension of the arm at the elbow
• Radial nerve innervation

Question 18

Pronator Teres

Answer 18

• Pronation of the forearm

- Median nerve innervation

Question 19

Flexor carpi radialis

Answer 19

• Flexion and abduction at the wrist

- Median nerve innervation

Question 20

Palmaris Longus

Answer 20

• Flexion at the wrist

- Median nerve innervation

Question 21

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 21

• Flexion and adduction at the wrist

- Ulnar nerve innervation

Question 22

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 22

• Flexion at the MCP joints and proximal IP joints of the fingers
• Flexion at the wrist

-Median nerve innervation

Question 23

Flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 23

• Flexion at the distal IP joints and MCP joints of the fingers
• Flexion at the wrist
• Ulnar nerve innervation (little fingers and ring fingers)
• Median nerve innervation (middle and index fingers)

Question 24

Flexor pollicis longus

Answer 24

- Flexion of the IP and MCP joint of the thumb | - Median nerve innervation

Question 25

Pronator quadratus

Answer 25

- Pronation of the forearm | - Median nerve innervation

Question 26

Brachioradialis

Answer 26

- Flexion at the elbow | - Radial nerve innervation

Question 27

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

Answer 27

- Extension of the wrist - Abduction of the wrist -Radial nerve innervation

Question 28

Extensor digitorum

Answer 28

- Extends medial four fingers at the MCP and IP joints | - Radial nerve innervation

Question 29

Extensor digiti minimi

Answer 29

- Extension of the little finger - Extension at the wrist -Radial nerve innervation

Question 30

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 30

- Extensor of the wrist - Adduction of the wrist -Radial nerve innervation

Question 31

Aconeus

Answer 31

- Moves the ulna during pronation - Extension at the elbow -Radial nerve innervation

Question 32

Supinator

Answer 32

- Supination of the forearm | - Radial nerve innervation

Question 33

Abductor pollicis longus

Answer 33

- Abduction of the thumb | - Radial nerve innervation

Question 34

Extensor pollicis brevis

Answer 34

- Extension at the MCP and carpometacarpal joint of the thumb - Radial nerve innervation

Question 35

Extensor pollicis longus

Answer 35

- Extension of all joints of the thumb (3) | - Radial nerve innervation

Question 36

Extensor indicis

Answer 36

- Extension of the index finger | - Radial nerve innervation

Question 37

Oppenens Pollicis

Answer 37

- opposes the thumb | - median nerve innervation

Question 38

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

Answer 38

- Abducts the thumb | - Median nerve Innervation

Question 39

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

Answer 39

- Flexes the MCP joint of the thumb | - median nerve innervation

Question 40

Opponens Digiti Minimi

Answer 40

- Opposes the little finger | - ulnar nerve innervation

Question 41

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Answer 41

- Abducts the little finger | - ulnar nerve innervation

Question 42

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

Answer 42

- Flexes the MCP joint of the little finger | - Ulnar nerve innervation

Question 43

4 lumbricals

Answer 43

-Flex the MCP joint and extend the IP joint of each finger - Median 2 (little and ring fingers) = ulnar nerve innervation - Lateral 2 (index and middle fingers) = median nerve innervation

Question 44

Dorsal Interossei

Answer 44

- Abducts the fingers at the MCP joint | - ulnar nerve innervation

Question 45

Palmar Interossei

Answer 45

- Adducts the fingers at the MCP joint | - Ulnar nerve innervation

Question 46

Palmaris Brevis

Answer 46

- wrinkles the skin of the thenar eminence and deepens the curvature of the hand - ulnar nerve innervation

Question 47

Adductor Pollicis

Answer 47

- Adducts the thumb | - Ulnar nerve innervation