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NPTE > Muscles UE & LE > Flashcards

Muscles UE & LE Flashcards

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1
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

O - Medial half of clavicle, Manubrium, Body of
sternum and cartilages of first 6-7 ribs
I - Crest of greater tubercle of humerus
N - Lateral Pectoral Nerve
A - Flexion, IR, Shoulder Horizontal Adduction, Scapular Protraction and Depression

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2
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A

O - Ribs 2-5
I - Medial border of the coracoid process
N - Medial pectoral
A - Downward Rotation of scapula, Scapular Protraction and Depression

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3
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

O - Ribs 1-8
I - Medial border, costal surface of scapula
N - Long Thoracic
A - Upward Rotation of scapula, Scapular Protraction and Depression

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4
Q

Trapezius

A

O - Superior nuchal line and external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes
and supraspinous ligaments of C7 and all thoracic vertebrae
I - Upper part: Lateral one third of
the clavicle
Middle part: Acromion and upper lip
of the spine of the scapula
Lower part: Spine of the scapula
N - Cranial nerve XI (Spinal
accessory nerve)
A - Upper fibers- Scapula elevation,
Middle fibers- Scapula Retraction
Lower fibers- Scapula Depression
Upper and lower fibers-Upward
rotation of scapula

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5
Q

Rhomboid Major and Minor

A

O - Ligamentous nuchae and spinous processes of C7 to T5
I - Medial border of scapula
N - Dorsal Scapular
A - Adduction, elevation and downward rotation of scapula

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6
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

O - Transverse Processes of C1-4
I - Medial border of scapula between superior angle and root of spine
N - Ventral rami of spinal nerves (C3-C4) and the dorsal scapular nerve
A - Scapular Elevation and Downward
Rotation

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7
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

O - Manubrium & medial portion of Clavicle
I - Mastoid process of temporal bone
N - Spinal Accessory nerve (CN XI)
A - U/L: Same side flexion & opposed side rotation of neck

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8
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

O - Spinous processes of 7th through 12th thoracic vertebrae, through fascia from the lumbar and sacral vertebrae, last three or four ribs and slip from inferior angle of scapula
I - Intertubercular groove of Humerus
N - Thoracodorsal
A - Medial rotation, adduction and
extension of shoulder joint

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9
Q

Deltoid

A

O - Anterior part: lateral end of clavicle
Middle part: acromion
Posterior part: spine of the scapula
I - Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
N - Axillary
A - Abduction at shoulder
Anterior fibers: flex the shoulder
Posterior fibers: extend the shoulder

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10
Q

Teres Major

A

O - Inferior angle of scapula
I - Crest of lesser tubercle of Humerus
N - Lower subscapular
A - Shoulder medial rotation, extension,
adduction

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11
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

O - Coracoid process of scapula
I - Medial aspect of middle shaft of the
humerus
N - Musculocutaneous
A - Flexion of arm

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12
Q

Subscapularis

A

O - Subscapular fossa of scapula
I - Lesser tubercle of humerus
N - Upper and lower subscapular nerves
A - Medially rotate shoulder, adduct at shoulder

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13
Q

Supraspinatus

A

O - Supraspinatus fossa of scapula
I - Upper facet of greater tubercle of
humerus
N - Suprascapular
A - Shoulder Abduction up to 15 degrees

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14
Q

Infraspinatus

A

O - Infraspinatus fossa of scapula
I - Middle facet of greater tubercle of
humerus
N- Suprascapular
A - Shoulder ER

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15
Q

Teres Minor

A

O - Lateral border of scapula
I - Lower facet of greater tubercle of humerus
N - Axillary
A- Shoulder ER

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16
Q

Biceps Long Head

A

O - Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I - Bicipital tuberosity of the radius
N - Musculocutaneous
A - Flexion of elbow, supination of
forearm, flexion of shoulder

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17
Q

Biceps Short Head

A

O - Coracoid process of scapula
I - Bicipital tuberosity of the radius
N - Musculocutaneous
A - Flexion of elbow, supination of
forearm, flexion of shoulder

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18
Q

Brachialis

A

O - Distal aspect of the anterior surface of the humerus
I - Coronoid process and tuberosity on
the proximal ulna
N - Musculocutaneous
A - Flex elbow

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19
Q

Triceps Lateral Head

A

O - Posterior humerus, superior and lateral to the radial groove
I - Olecranon process of ulna
N - Radial
A - Extend elbow and shoulder

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20
Q

Triceps Long Head

A

O - Infra glenoid tubercle of scapula
I - Olecranon process of ulna
N - Radial
A - Extend elbow and shoulder

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21
Q

Triceps Medial Head

A

O - Posterior humerus, inferior and medial to the
radial groove
I
N - Radial
A - Extend elbow and shoulder

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22
Q

Brachioradialis

A

O - Upper two thirds of the lateral supracondylar
ridge of the humerus
I - Near styloid process at the distal radius
N - Radial
A - Elbow Flexion especially in mid-prone position

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23
Q

Anconeus

A

O - Posterior side of the lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I - Between the olecranon process and
proximal surface of the posterior side of the ulna
N - Radial
A - Weak elbow extensor

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24
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis
Longus and Brevis

A

O - Common extensor origin : lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I - Base of 2nd metacarpal (ECRL), Base of 3rd metacarpals (ECRB)
N - Radial
A - Wrist extension and Radial Deviation

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25
Extensor Digitorum
O - Common extensor origin-lateral epicondyle of the humerus I - By four tendons, each to the base of the extensor mechanism and to the dorsal base of the proximal phalanx of the fingers N - Radial A - Extends the MCP joints, extends the IP joints of the second through fifth digits
26
Extensor Digiti Minimi
O - Ulnar side of the belly of the extensor digitorum I - Tendon usually divides, joining the ulnar side of the tendon of the extensor digitorum N - Radial A - Extends the MCP joints, extends the IP joints of the little finger
27
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
O - Common extensor origin-lateral epicondyle of the humerus I - Base of 5th metacarpal N - Radial A - Extension of wrist and ulnar deviation
28
Abductor Pollicis Longus
O - Posterior surface of the middle part of the radius and ulna, and adjacent interosseous membrane I - Base of 1st metacarpal N - Radial A - 1st digit ABD and extension at CMC joint
29
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
O - Posterior surface of the middle to distal parts of the radius and adjacent I - Proximal phalanx of thumb N - Radial A - 1st digit extension at MCP, IP joints
30
Extensor Pollicis Longus
O - Posterior surface of the middle part of the ulna and adjacent interosseous membrane I - Distal phalanx of thumb N - Radial A - 1st digit extension at MCP, IP joints
31
Extensor Indicis
O - Posterior surface of the middle to distal part of the ulna and adjacent interosseous membrane I - Tendon blends with the ulnar side of the index tendon of the extensor digitorum N - Radial A - 2nd digit extension and wrist extension
32
Supinator
O - Lateral epicondyle of the humerus and supinator crest of the ulna I - Lateral surface of the proximal radius N - Radial A - Supination of forearm
33
Pronator Teres
O - Humeral head: medial epicondyle Ulnar head: medial to the tuberosity of ulna I - Lateral surface of the middle radius N - Median A - Pronation of forearm, elbow flexion
34
Flexor Carpi Radialis
O - Common flexor origin- medial epicondyle of the humerus I - 2nd and 3rd metacarpals N - Median A - Wrist flexion, Radial deviation
35
Palmaris Longus
O - Common flexor origin- medial epicondyle of the humerus I - Carpal ligament and palmar aponeurosis of the hand N - Median A - Flexion of wrist
36
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
O - Humeral head: Common flexor origin- medial epicondyle of the humerus Ulnar head: posterior border of the middle one-third of the ulna I - Pisiform bone, pisohamate and pisometacarpal ligaments, and palmar base of the fifth metacarpal bone N - Ulnar A - Wrist flexion, Ulnar Deviation
37
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
O - Humeroulnar head: common flexor origin, and the medial side of coronoid process of the ulna Radial head: oblique line just distal and lateral to the bicipital tuberosity I - By four tendons, each to the sides of the middle phalanges of the fingers N - Median A - Flexion of PIP joint of fingers
37
Flexor Pollicis Longus
O - Middle part of the anterior surface of the radius and adjacent interosseous membrane I - Distal phalanx of thumb N - Median A - Flexion of distal phalanx of thumb
38
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
O - Proximal 3/4 of the medial side of the ulna and adjacent interosseous membrane I - By four tendons, each to the palmar base of the distal phalanges of the fingers N - Medial half: ulnar nerve Lateral half: median nerve A - Flex wrist, flex all joints to DIP in digits 2-5
38
Pronator Quadratus
O - Anterior surface of distal ulna I - Anterior surface of distal radius N - Median A - Pronates forearm
39
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
O - Palmar tubercles of the trapezium and scaphoid I - Base of proximal phalanx of thumb N - Median A - Abduction of thumb at MCP, CMC joint
40
Flexor Pollicis Brevis
O - Transverse carpal ligament and palmar tubercle of trapezium I - Radial side of proximal phalanx of thumb N - Median A - Flexion of thumb
41
Opponens Pollicis
O - Transverse carpal ligament and palmar tubercle of trapezium I - Shaft of the thumb metacarpal N - Median A - Opposition of thumb
42
Adductor Pollicis
O - Oblique head: capitate bone& base of second and third metacarpal Transverse head: palmar surface of 3rd metacarpal I - Ulnar side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb N - Ulnar A - Thumb Adduction
43
Abductor Digiti Minimi
O - Pisiform bone, and tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris I - Base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger N - Ulnar A - Abduction of the little finger at MCP joint
44
Flexor Digiti Minimi
O - Hook of the hamate I - base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger N - Ulnar A - Flexion of little finger
45
Opponens Digiti Minimi
O - Transverse carpal ligament & hook of the hamate I - Shaft of the fifth metacarpal N - Ulnar A - Flexion of 5th metacarpal, lateral rotation producing opposition
46
Lumbricals of the hand
O - First and second: Radial surface of the flexor profundus tendons of the index and middle fingers, respectively. Third: Adjacent sides of the flexor profundus tendons of the middle and ring fingers. Fourth: Adjacent sides of the flexor profundus tendons of the ring and little fingers I - Into the radial border of the extensor expansion on the dorsum of the respective digits N - Medial two: ulnar nerve Lateral two: median nerve A - Flexion at MCP, Extension at IP
47
Dorsal Interossei
O - First: adjacent sides of the first and second metacarpal Second: adjacent sides of the second and third metacarpal Third: adjacent sides of the third and fourth metacarpal Fourth: adjacent sides of the fourth and fifth metacarpal I - First: Radial side of the index finger, chiefly to the base of the proximal phalanx Second: Radial side of the middle finger Third: Ulnar side of the middle finger, chiefly into extensor expansion Fourth: Ulnar side of the ring finger N - Ulnar A - Abduction of 2nd, 3rd, 4th digits away from middle finger
48
Palmar Interossei
O - First: ulnar side of the thumb metacarpal Second: ulnar side of the second metacarpal Third: radial side of the fourth metacarpal Fourth: radial side of the fifth metacarpal I - First: Ulnar side of the thumb. Second: Ulnar side of the index finger. Third: Radial side of the ring finger. Fourth: Radial side of the little finger. N - Ulnar A - Adduction of 2nd, 4th, 5th digits towards middle finger, flexion of digit at MCP, extension at IP
49
External Intercostals
O - Lower border of a rib I - Upper border of rib below N - Intercostal nerves A - Elevate ribs during inspiration
50
Internal Intercostals
O - Inner surface of a rib and costal cartilages I - Upper borders of the adjacent ribs below N - Intercostal nerves A - Draw ribs downward during forced expiration
51
Transversus Thoracis
O - Inner surfaces of the lower third of the body of the sternum and adjacent surfaces of the xiphoid process I - Internal surfaces of the sternocostal joints associated with the second (or third) through the sixth ribs N - Intercostal nerves A - Depresses the ribs
51
Quadratus Lumborum
O - Iliolumbar ligament and crest of the ilium I - Rib 12 and tips of the transverse processes of the L1 to L4 N - Ventral ramus of spinal nerve roots T12-L3 A - Extension and side flexion of lumbar spine, expiration
52
Psoas Major
O - Transverse processes and lateral bodies of the last thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae including the intervertebral discs I - Lesser trochanter of femur N - Branches of ventral rami L1-L3 A - Forward flexion and side flexion of lumbar spine, Flexion of the hip joint
53
Iliacus
O - Superior two thirds of the iliac fossa, inner lip of the iliac crest I - Lesser trochanter of femur N - Femoral nerve A - Flexion of hip joint
54
Rectus Abdominis
O - Pubic crest and anterior pubic ligament I - On the front of the wall of the thorax, along a horizontal line passing laterally from the xiphoid process, and cutting in that order, the 7th, 6th and 5th costal cartilages N - Lower six or seven thoracic nerves A - Expiration, Flexion of the spine
54
External Oblique
O - Lateral side of ribs 4-12 I - Iliac crest, linea alba, and contralateral rectus sheaths N - Lower six thoracic nerves A -Bilaterally: flexion of the trunk and posterior tilt of the pelvis Unilaterally: lateral flexion and contralateral rotation of the trunk
55
Internal Oblique
O - Iliac crest, inguinal ligament, and thoracolumbar fascia I - Ribs 9-12, linea alba, and contralateral rectus sheaths N - Lower six thoracic nerves and the first lumbar nerve A - Unilaterally: lateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation of the trunk Bilaterally: flexion of the trunk and posterior tilt of the pelvis
55
Transversus Abdominis
O - Iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, inner surface of the cartilages of ribs 6-12 and the inguinal ligament I - Linea alba N - Lower six thoracic nerves and the first lumbar nerve A - Bilaterally: stabilization of attachment sites for other abdominal muscles; compression of the abdominal cavity
55
Rectus Femoris
O - Anterior inferior iliac spine I - Base of the patella and, via the patellar tendon, the tibial tuberosity N - Femoral A - Extends knee and flexes hip
56
Vastus Lateralis
O - Upper region of intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, lateral region of the gluteal tuberosity, lateral lip of the linea aspera I - Lateral capsule of the knee, base of the patella, and, via the patellar tendon, the tibial tuberosity N - Femoral A - Extends knee
56
Vastus Medialis
O - Lower region of intertrochanteric line, medial lip of linea aspera, proximal medial supracondylar line I - Medial capsule of the knee, base of the patella, and, via the patellar tendon, the tibial tuberosity N - Femoral A - Knee extension
57
Vastus Intermedius
O - Anterior-lateral regions of the upper two thirds of the femoral shaft I - Lateral base of the patella, and, via the patellar tendon, the tibial tuberosity N - Femoral A - Extends knee
57
Sartorius
O - Anterior superior iliac Spine I - Medial surface of tibia N - Femoral Nerve A - Hip flexion, abduction, lateral rotation, Knee flexion
58
Pectineus
O - Pectineal line on superior pubic ramus I - Pectineal (spiral) line on the posterior surface of the femur N - Femoral A - Hip flexion, adduction, medial rotation
59
Adductor Longus
O - Body of pubis I - Middle one third of the linea aspera of the femur N - Obturator A - Hip adduction, flexion, medial rotation
60
Adductor Brevis
O - Inferior pubic ramus I - Proximal one third of the linea aspera of the femur N - Obturator A - Hip adduction, flexion, medial rotation
61
Adductor Magnus
O - Ischial ramus and ischial tuberosity I - Linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur N - Hip adduction, extension, medial rotation A - Obturator and tibial portion of sciatic nerve
62
Gracilis
O - Lower body of pubis and inferior ramus of pubis I - Medial surface of tibia N - Obturator A - Hip flexion, medial rotation, adduction And flexion of knee
62
Gluteus Maximus
O - Outer ilium, posterior gluteal line, thoracolumbar fascia, posterior side of sacrum and coccyx I - Gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial band N - Hip extension & external rotation Secondary action: Hip adduction A - Inferior gluteal
63
Gluteus Medius And Gluteus Minimus
O - Ilium I - Greater trochanter N - Superior Gluteal A - Abduction of hip Assist in medial and lateral rotation of hip
64
Tensor Fasciae Latae
O - Iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine I - Proximal one third of the iliotibial band of the fascia lata N - Superior gluteal A - Flex, abduct, medially rotate hip
65
Piriformis
O - Anterior side of sacrum I - Apex of the greater trochanter N - Nerve to the piriformis A - Lateral rotators of hip
66
Biceps Femoris
O - Long head: ischial tuberosity Short head: lateral lip of the linea aspera I - Fibular head N - Sciatic A - Flex knee, extend hip
67
Semimembranosus
O - Ischial tuberosity I - Medial condyle of tibia N - Sciatic A - Flex knee, extend hip
68
Semitendinosus
O - Ischial tuberosity I - Medial surface of tibia N - Sciatic A - Flex knee, extend hip
69
Tibialis Anterior
O - Lateral condyle and proximal 2/3 of the lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane I - Medial cuneiform and the base of the first metatarsal N - Deep peroneal A - Dorsiflexion, inversion
70
Extensor Digitorum Longus
O - Lateral condyle of tibia and medial surface of fibula I - By four tendons that attach to the proximal base middle and distal phalanges via the dorsal digital expansion N - Deep peroneal A - Toe extension, Ankle dorsiflexion, eversion
71
Extensor Hallucis Longus
O - Medial surface of the fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane I - Distal phalanx of great toe N - Deep peroneal A - 1st toe extension, Ankle dorsiflexion, inversion
72
Peroneus Tertius
O - Distal one third of the medial surface of the fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane I - Base of 5th metatarsal N - Deep peroneal A - Ankle dorsiflexion, eversion
72
Peroneus Longus
O - Lateral condyle of tibia; head, proximal two thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula I - Lateral surface of the medial cuneiform and lateral side of the base of first metatarsal bone N - Superficial peroneal A - Plantarflexion, eversion
73
Peroneus Brevis
O - Lateral surface of fibula I - Styloid process of the fifth metatarsal N - Superficial peroneal A - Plantarflexion, eversion
74
Gastrocnemius
O - Posterior aspect of the lateral and medial femoral condyle I - Calcaneal tuberosity via the Achilles tendon N - Tibial A - Plantar flexion, Knee flexion
75
Soleus
O - Posterior surface of the fibula head and proximal 1/3 of its shaft and from the posterior side of the tibia I - Calcaneal tuberosity via the Achilles tendon N - Tibial A - Plantar flexion
76
Plantaris
O - Inferior part of lateral supracondylar line of the femur I - Joins the medial aspect of the Achilles tendon to insert on the calcaneal tuberosity N - Tibial A - Slight Knee flexion, Plantarflexion
77
Popliteus
O - Lateral condyle of femur I - Posterior side of tibia N - Tibial A - Knee flexion and internal rotation
78
Flexor Digitorum Longus
O - Posterior surface of tibia I - By four separate tendons to the base of the distal phalanx of the four lesser toes N - Tibial A - 2-5 toes flexion, Plantar flexion, Inversion
79
Flexor Hallucis Longus
O - Posterior surface of fibula I - Plantar surface of the base of the distal phalanx of the great toe N - Tibial A - Flexion of great toe, Plantarflexion, Inversion
80
Tibialis Posterior
O - Posterior surface of the tibia and fibula & adjacent interosseous membrane I - Tuberosity of navicular and all tarsals except talus N - Tibial A - Plantarflexion, Inversion
81
Abductor Hallucis
O - medial process of calcaneal tuberosity, flexor retinaculum, and plantar aponeurosis I - medial aspect of the base of the proximal phalanx of large toe N - Medial plantar A - Abduct the big toe
82
Flexor Digitorum Brevis
O - medial process of calcaneal tuberosity and the central part of the plantar aponeurosis I - middle phalanges of the lateral four toes by a tendon to each toe N - Medial plantar A - 2-4th toe flexion
83
Abductor Digiti Minimi
O - plantar aponeurosis, lateral and medial processes of calcaneal tuberosity and the area between I - base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit and 5th metatarsal bone N - Lateral plantar A - 5th Toe abduction and flexion
84
Quadratus Plantae
O - Medial surface of calcaneus bone, lateral process of calcaneal tuberosity I - Tendon of flexor digitorum longus N - Lateral plantar A - Flexion of toes
85
Lumbricals
O - tendons of the flexor digitorum longus I - medial margins of the extensor hoods of the four lateral toes N - Toe 2: Medial plantar Toe 3-5: Lateral plantar A - MTP flexion, IP extension
86
Flexor Hallucis Brevis
O - Tendon of tibialis posterior, medial cuneiform bone, lateral cuneiform bone, cuboid bone I - Lateral and medial aspects of base of proximal phalanx of great toe N - Medial plantar A - Flexes big toe
87
Adductor Hallucis
O - Oblique Head: proximal ends of middle 3 metatarsal bones; Transverse Head: MTP ligaments of lateral 3 toes I - lateral side of base of first phalanx of the 1st toe; sesamoid apparatus N - Lateral plantar A - Adducts big toe
88
Flexor Digiti Minimi
O - base of the fifth metatarsal bone, and from the sheath of the Fibularis longus I - lateral side of the base of the first phalanx of the fifth toe N - Lateral plantar A - Flexion of little toe
89
Dorsal Interossei
O - adjacent surfaces of the first and second metacarpal bones I - lateral base of the second phalanx and extensor hood of the second digit N - Lateral plantar A - Abduction of 2-4 toes, Flexion at MTP joints
90
Plantar Interossei
O - Medial aspects of metatarsal bones 3-5 I - Medial bases of proximal phalanges and extensor expansion of digits 3-5 N - Lateral plantar A - Adduction of 3-5 toes, Flexion at MTP joints

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