muscular system Flashcards by Alexis Zagurski

Epicranius (head and neck)

frontalis & occipitalis, epicranial aponeurosis

raises eyebrows

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orbicularis oculi

closes eye

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levator palpebrae superioris

opens eye

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corrugator supercilii

draws eyebrows together when frowning

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orbicularis oris

closes lips (kissing)

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zygomaticus major

raises corner of mouth upwards (smiling)

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buccinator

compresses cheek (whistling)

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platysma

tenses skin of neck when shaving-pouting

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superior rectus

Elevates and turns eye medially

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inferior rectus

Depresses and turns eye medially

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medial rectus

moves eye medially

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lateral rectus

moves eye laterally

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superior oblique

Depresses eye and turns it laterally

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inferior oblique

Elevates eye and turns it laterally

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temporalis

Closes Jaw

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masseter

Prime Mover of jaw closure

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pterygoids (medial & lateral)

protrude mandible and side-to-side grinding of lower teeth

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sternocleidomastoid

Flexes and laterally rotates head

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splenius capitis

Extends or Hyperextends head

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diaphragm

Prime mover of inspiration

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intercostals (external and internal)

draw ribs together

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external oblique

Flex spine, rotate trunk, flex laterally, compress viscera

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internal oblique

Flex spine, rotate trunk, flex laterally, compress viscera

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transverse abdominus

Compress abdominal contents

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rectus abdominis

flex and rotate lumbar spine

erector spinae

Prime mover of (etebral/spine (back) extension

ischiocavernosus

Retards venous drainage and maintains erection of penis and clitoris

bulbospongiosus

Empties male urethra

levator ani: pubococcygeus & iliococcygeus

Supports pelvic viscera, anal and vaginal sphincters

coccygeus

Supports pelvic viscera

pectoralis minor

Draws scapula forward and down

serratus anterior

Rotates scapula laterally and upward (punching)

levator scapulae

Elevates/adducts scapula

trapezius

Rotates, raises and retracts scapula

rhomboideus minor

Stabilize scapula, retract (adduct) scapula as in

rhomboideus major

"squaring the shoulders"

pectoralis major

Prime mover of arm flexion, rotates arm medially and adducts arm

latissimus dorsi

Prime mover of arm extension, adducts and medially rotates

deltoid

Prime mover of arm abduction

supraspinatus

Initiates abduction of arm (humerus)

infraspinatus

Rotates arm laterally

teres minor

Rotates arm laterally

subscapularis

Rotates arm medially

brachialis

A major elbow (forearm) flexor

biceps brachii

Flexes elbow and supinates forearm (rotates hand laterally)

triceps brachii

Prime mover of elbow extension (forearm)

brachioradialis

Synergist in flexing forearm

pronator quadratus

Prime mover of forearm pronation

pronator teres

Pronates forearm

supinator

Supinates forearm

flexor carpi radialis

Flexes wrist and abducts hand

flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexes wrist and adducts hand

extensor carpi radialis longus

Extends and abducts wrist

extensor carpi radialis brevis

Extends and abducts wrist

extensor digitorum

Prime mover of finger extension

extensor carpi unlaris

Extends and adducts wrist

Iliacus

Prime mover for flexing thigh (hip joint) or flexing trunk at thigh

Psoas

Same as above plus flexes vertebral column laterally

tensor fasciae latae

braces knee when walking

gluteus maximus

Major thigh extensor

gluteus maximus

Major thigh extensor

gluteus medius

Abducts and medially rotates thigh

piriformis

laterally rotates extended thigh, abducts flexed thigh

piriformis

laterally rotates extended thigh, abducts flexed thigh

adductor brevis

Adduct and medially rotate and flex thigh

adductor longus

Adduct and medially rotate and flex thigh

adductor magnus

Adduct and medially rotate and flex thigh

gracilis

Adducts thigh; flexes and medially rotates leg

rectus femoris

Extends knee and flexes thigh at hip

vastus lateralis

Extends and stabilizes knee

vasus medialis

Extends knee

vastus intermedius

Extends knee

sartorius

Flexes, abducts and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee (sitting cross legged)

biceps femoris

Extends thigh and flexes knee

semitendinosus

Extends thigh and flexes knee

semimembranosus

Extends thigh and flexes knee

extensor digitorum longus

Prime mover of toe extension

extensor hallicus longus

Extends the big toe

tibialis anterior

Prime mover of dorsiflexion

gastrocnemius

Plantar flexes foot

soleus

Plantar flexion

flexor hallicus longus

Flexes big toe

tibialis posterior

Prime mover of foot inversion

fibularis (peroneus) brevis

Plantar flexes and everts foot

fibularis (peroneus) longus

Plantar flexes and everts foot

flexor digitorum longus

Flexes toes; plantar flexes and inverts foot