muscular system

Question 1

sternocleidomastoid (I A)

Answer 1

I: mastoid process and superior nucal line of occipital bone
A: lift chin, laterlally flex to same side (tilt vertex and rotate nose to opposite side)

Question 2

superfical back muscles

Answer 2

trapiezius
latissimus dorsi
rhomboid major
levator scapulae
teres major

Question 3

deep back muscles

Answer 3

erector spine
-iliocostalis
-longissimus
-spinalis

Question 4

anterior trunk muscles

Answer 4

superfical
- pectoralis major
- deltoid
deep
- pectoralis minor
- serratus anterior

Question 5

trapiezius

Answer 5

I: acromion and spine of scapula and clavicle

Question 6

latissimus dorsi

Answer 6

I: bicipital grove of humerus
A: internal rotation of shoulder (srugging shoulders)
widest back muscle

Question 7

rhomboid major and minor (one answer on test)

Answer 7

I: medial or vertebral border of scapula

Question 8

levator scapulae

Answer 8

I: medial superior border of scapula

Question 9

teres major

Answer 9

I: medial part of bicipital groove
A: internal rotate at shoulder joint

Question 10

erector spinae

Answer 10

iliocostals
longissimus
spinalis

• control flexion/roation
  -maintain lumbar curve

Question 11

pectoralis major

Answer 11

I: greater tubercle

Question 12

deltoid

Answer 12

I: deltoid tuberosity

Question 13

pectoralis minor

Answer 13

I: coracoid process

Question 14

serratus anterior
(serrated or saw toothed)

Answer 14

I: medial border of scapula and inferior angle of scapula\
innervated by long thoracic nerve
A: winging of the scapula

Question 15

intercostal muscles

Answer 15

external and internal intercostals

Question 16

external intercostal (25%)
what do they do

Answer 16

A: elevate ribs during inspiration

Question 17

internal incostals
what do the do

Answer 17

A: draw ribs together during FORCED expirations

Question 18

diaphragm openings

Answer 18

aortic hiatus (T12)
esophageal hiatus (T10)
caval hiatus (T8)

Question 19

diaphragm (75%)

Answer 19

A:contraction of the diaphragm causes it to flatten
decreases volume of thoracic cavity

Question 20

anterior abdominal muscles

Answer 20

external and internal obliques
transversus abdominis
rectus abdominus

Question 21

external obliques

Answer 21

O: ribs 5-12
I: linea alba and iliac creast

Question 22

internal obliques

Answer 22

O: iliac crest, inguinal ligament, thoracolumbar fascia
I: cartilage of ribs 7-10 and linea alba

Question 23

transversus abdominus

Answer 23

O: cartilage of lower ribs, iliac crest, and lumbar fascia
I: linea alba , xipohoid, and publis

Question 24

rectus abdominus

Answer 24

O: superior pubis
I:inferior surfaces of costal cartilages (ribs 5-7) and xiphoid process

Question 25

rotator cuff muscles

Answer 25

supraspinatus infraspinatus teres major subscapularis

Question 26

supraspinatus

Answer 26

O: supraspinatous fossa I: greater tuberosity

Question 27

infraspinatus

Answer 27

O: infraspinatous fossa I: greater tuberosity

Question 28

teres major

Answer 28

O: llateral border of scapula I: greater tuberosity

Question 29

subscapularis

Answer 29

O: subscapular fossa I: lesser tuberosity

Question 30

forearm flexors

Answer 30

biceps brachii brachialis brachioradialis

Question 31

latisumis means

Answer 31

widest

Question 32

biceps brachii long and short heads

Answer 32

O: superior part of glenoid I:radial tuberosity O: coracoid process I: radial tuberosity

Question 33

brachialis most responsible for flexion at the elbow

Answer 33

O: distal anterior surface of humerus I: ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process

Question 34

brachioradialis

Answer 34

O: lateral and diatal humerus I: superior to radial styloid process

Question 35

forearm extensors

Answer 35

triceps brachii

Question 36

triceps brachii (long head, lateral head and medial head)

Answer 36

O: infragleoid tubercle O: lateral and posterior humerus O: posterior humerus I: olecronon for all three heads A: extension of elbow

Question 37

serratus means

Answer 37

saw toothed

Question 38

hip flexion

Answer 38

iliopsoas muscle (also maintains posture -psoas major -iliacus sartorius

Question 39

psoas major know origin

Answer 39

O: T12 I: lesser trochanter

Question 40

iliacus

Answer 40

O: sacrum and iliac fossa I:lesser trochanter

Question 41

sartorius know origin

Answer 41

O: ASIS I: medial body of tibia A: flexes, abducts, and external rotates

Question 42

hip adduction be able to know where they are and what the do

Answer 42

addductor magnus adductor longus adductor brevis pectineus gracilis

Question 43

adductor magnus, longus, brevis and pectineus

Answer 43

O: pubic bone I: linea aspera

Question 44

gracilis

Answer 44

O: pubic bone I: medial and proximal tibia

Question 45

hip abduction and extension posterior part of hip

Answer 45

gluteal group - maximus (largest) -minimus (smallest) - medius (middle)

Question 46

gluteal group

Answer 46

O: ilium I: iliotibial tract (IT band) and greater trochanter

Question 47

knee extension

Answer 47

quadriceps femoris (4 origins dont need to know) - rectus femoris - vastus lateralis (vastus means huge) - vastus medialis - vastus intermedius I: tibial tuberosity (apoposis)

Question 48

anterior compartment of forearm

Answer 48

superfical muscles O: medial epicondyle of humerus I: the carpals or metacrapals A: flexors of hand and wrist

Question 49

posterior compartment of forearm

Answer 49

superfical O: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: carpals or metacarpals A: extensors of hand and wrist

Question 50

apanuerosous

Answer 50

tedon in sheet

Question 51

knee flexion Extension at hip

Answer 51

Hamstrings - biceps femoris - semitendionous - semimembranousus parts of all three originate on ischial tuberosity

Question 52

biceps femoris (long ad short heads)

Answer 52

O: ischial tuberosity O: linea aspera I: head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

Question 53

semitendinosus

Answer 53

O: ischial tuberosity I: proximal and medial surface of tibia

Question 54

semi membranousus

Answer 54

O: ischial tuberosity I: medial condyle of tibia

Question 55

ankle doraslflexion (anterior compartment of lower leg)

Answer 55

tibialis anterior extensor hallucius longus (big toe) extensor digitorum longus (other toes) fibularis (peroneus) tertius

Question 56

tibialis anterior need origin and insertion

Answer 56

O: lateral condyle of tibia and intersseous membrane I: medial cuneiform and 1st metatarsal A: inversion and dorsiflexion of foot

Question 57

lateral compartment of lower leg fibular

Answer 57

fibularis (peroneus) longus fibularis (peroneus) brevis -short A: plantar flextion and eversion

Question 58

posterior compartment of lower leg superfical

Answer 58

superfical - gasrtocnemius - soleus become achilles tendon

Question 59

gastrocnemius

Answer 59

O: lateral and medial femoral condyle I: calcaneus

Question 60

soleus

Answer 60

O: head of fibula and medial tibia I: calcaneus

Question 61

posterior compartment of lower leg deep plantar flex foot at ankle joint

Answer 61

deep - popliteus (flexes knee only) - tibialis posterior - flexor digitorum longus - flexor hallicis longus

Question 62

what causes carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 62

flexion strains the muscles and causes irritation of tendons

Question 63

fabella

Answer 63

normal calcification in lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle