Muscular system

Question 1

What are the 3 main functions of the muscular system?

Answer 1

• Maintain essential body functions (auto-regulate cardiac, respiratory & digestive systems)
• Maintain upright posture
• Produce body movements

Question 2

What are the 3 types of muscles?

Answer 2

• Skeletal (voluntary or striped)
• Cardiac (heart)
• Smooth (involuntary, found in organs)

Question 3

What are the 5 types of muscle fiber arrangements?

Answer 3

• Fusiform
• Unipennate
• Bipennate
• Multipennate
• Convergent

Question 4

What is the sliding filament theory, in steps?

Answer 4

1. Electrical impulse arrives at the relaxed muscle via the CNS
2. Calcium is released which bonds the myosin cross bridges to the actin
3. Cross bridges begin to pull the actin filaments towards middle
4. Muscle contracts and shortens.

Question 5

What are types of muscle fibers?

Answer 5

• Slow twitch oxidative (type 1) (red)
• Fast twitch oxidative (2A) (pink)
• Fast twitch glycolytic (2B) (white)