Muscular System

Question 0

What causes rigor mortis?

Answer 0

It is caused by skeletal muscles partially contracting, the membranes of muscle cells become more permeable to calcium ions and because muscles need ATP to pump calcium out of the cells, so the fibres can unlatch from each other it does not work! Therefore ATP are quickly exhausted from muscle contraction which means actin and myosin fibres will remain linked until the muscles themselves start to decompose.

Question 1

What is rigor mortis?

Answer 1

Hours after a person dies the joints of the body stiffen and become locked in place. This is called rigor mortis!

Question 2

What three processes allow a muscle to contract?

Answer 2

1. Electrical
2. Chemical
3. Mechanical

Question 3

Why are Calcium and ATP the most important substances during muscle contraction?

Answer 3

Atp powers the reaction

Calcium

Question 4

What is an origin of a muscle?

Answer 4

The anchor (stationary)

Question 5

What is insertion of muscle?

Answer 5

Movable attachment it moves and contracts so it brings muscle closer to origin!

Question 6

What causes trunk flexion?

Answer 6

Rectus Abdominis
External Obliques
Transverse abdominis

Question 7

What causes trunk extension?

Answer 7

Erector Spinae (Spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis)

Question 8

Hip flexion?

Answer 8

Rectus femoris
Gracilis
Adductor brevis
Iliopsoas
Sartorius
Tensor Fasciae latae

Question 9

Hip extension?

Answer 9

Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris 
Adductor magnus
Gluteus maximus

Question 10

Leg Abduction?

Answer 10

Tensor Fasciae latae
Gluteus minimus
Gluteus medius

Question 11

Leg adduction?

Answer 11

Gracilis
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Adductor longus

Question 12

Flex knee?

Answer 12

Gastrocnemius
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris 
Sartorius
Gracilis

Question 13

Extend knee??

Answer 13

Vastus mediallis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus lateralis
Rectus femoris

Question 14

Dorsiflexion?

Answer 14

Tibialis anterior

Question 15

Plantar Flexion

Answer 15

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

Question 16

Toe flexion??

Answer 16

Flexor hallucis brevis

Flexor digitorium brevis

Question 17

Shoulder flexion?

Answer 17

Deltoid

Pectoralis major

Question 18

Shoulder extension?

Answer 18

Teres major
Deltoid
Lattissimus dorsi

Question 19

Arm abduction?

Answer 19

Deltoid

Supraspinatus

Question 20

Arm adduction?

Answer 20

Pectoralis major
Teres major
Latissimus dorsi

Question 21

Flexion of head?

Answer 21

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 22

Extend head?

Answer 22

Trapezius

Question 23

Internal rotation of humerus?

Answer 23

Pectoralis major

Question 24

External rotation of humerus?

Answer 24

Latissimus dorsi

Question 25

External rotates hip/femur?

Answer 25

Gluteus maximus | Sartorius

Question 26

Internally rotates hip/femur?

Answer 26

Tensor fasciae latae Gluteus minimus Gluteus medius

Question 27

Elbow flexion??

Answer 27

Brachioradialis Brachialis Biceps brachii

Question 28

Elbow extension?

Answer 28

Triceps brachii

Question 29

Pronation?

Answer 29

Pronator teres?

Question 30

Supination?

Answer 30

Supinator | Biceps brachii

Question 31

Wrist flexion?

Answer 31

Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 32

Wrist extension?

Answer 32

Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi ulnaris Extensor digitorium

Question 33

Elevate scapula??

Answer 33

Levator scapulae | Trapezius

Question 34

Depress Scapula??

Answer 34

Trapezius

Question 35

Protraction/ abduction of scapula?

Answer 35

Pectoralis minor | Serratus anterior

Question 36

Retraction/ adduction of scapula?

Answer 36

Rhomboid major & minor | Trapezius

Question 37

What stabilizes the shoulder??

Answer 37

Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres minor Subscapularis

Question 38

Breathing muscles?

Answer 38

Intercostals | Diaphragm

Question 39

Movement of thumb?

Answer 39

Thenar eminence

Question 40

Movement of pinky?

Answer 40

Hypothenar eminence