Muscular System Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is the muscular system?
An organ system consisting of over 640 muscles
What are the four main functions of the muscular system?
- Allows movement in the body
- Maintain posture
- Stabilize joints
- Generates heat
What is a muscle?
A discrete organ made of skeletal muscle tissue, blood vessels, tendons, and nerves.
What are the five properties of muscles?
Excitable, contractible, extensible, elasticity, adaptability
What does “Contractible” mean?
Capable of shortening
What does “Extensible” mean?
can be stretched without damage
What does “Excitable” or “irritable” mean?
Capable of receiving and responding to stimulation by nerves
What does “elasticity” mean?
able to return to resting shape after being contracted or extended
What does “adaptability” mean?
Can change in response to how it’s used, get bigger or smaller
What are the two types of muscle movements?
Voluntary and involuntary
What is a voluntary muscle movement?
Controlled consciously by a person such as speaking, walking, and writing
What is an involuntary muscle movement?
Controlled by unconscious part of the brain such as heartbeat, intestine moving waste, and breathing
What are the three types of muscles?
Cardiac, Smooth, skeletal
What is a Cardiac muscle?
Forms the wall of the heart and controls your heartbeat (involuntary)
What is a smooth muscle?
Weakest of all muscle tissues, found in organs and perform unique functions like grinding, churning, or moving (involuntary)
What is skeletal muscle?
Connect to the skeleton in at least one place to move parts of bones closer to each other (voluntary)
How do muscles get their names?
Location, size, direction, number of origins, and shape
What is an “origin”?
Where the muscle connects to the anchor bone. It moves little, if at all
What is an “insertion”?
Where the muscle connects to the movable bone
What are the two types of connective tissue?
Tendons and Facia
What are tendons?
Dense layered collagen fibers that attach muscle to a bone
What are Facia?
Dense layered collagen fibers that surrounds muscles and connects muscle to muscle
What are the types of muscle movements?
Adduction, Abduction, Flexion, Extension, Rotation, Circumduction
What other body systems work with the muscular system?
The nervous system works with the voluntary muscular system to move the skeletal system.
If nerves are severed, they will not be able to produce voluntary muscle movement. (paralyzation)
