Muscular System

Question 1

Skeletal, striated or striped muscle

Answer 1

• Voluntary meaning it is under conscious control

Question 2

Cardiac muscle

Answer 2

• only found in the wall of your heart

- involuntary, which means it is not under conscious control

Question 3

Smooth muscle

Answer 3

• An involuntary muscle that works without conscious thought
• Located in the walls of your digestive system and blood vessels
• Helps to regulate digestion and blood pressure

Question 4

Triceps

Answer 4

Outside upper arm

Question 5

Deltoids

Answer 5

Forms cap of shoulder

Question 6

Pectorals

Answer 6

Large chest muscle

Question 7

Biceps

Answer 7

Front of upper arm

Question 8

Wrist flexors

Answer 8

Front of forearm

Question 9

Wrist extensors

Answer 9

Back of forearm

Question 10

Supinators

Answer 10

Top and rear of forearm

Question 11

Probs tor’s

Answer 11

Top and front of forearm

Question 12

Abdominals

Answer 12

‘Six-pack’ muscle running down abdomen

Question 13

Hip flexors

Answer 13

Lumbar region of spine to top of thigh (femur)

Question 14

Quadriceps

• recurs demotic
• Vastus lateralis
• Vastus medialis
• Vastus intermedius

Answer 14

Front of thigh

Question 15

Hamstrings

• semimembranosus
• semitendinosus
• biceps femoris

Answer 15

Back of thigh

Question 16

Gastrocnemius

Answer 16

Large calf muscle

Question 17

Soleus

Answer 17

Back of lower leg

Question 18

Tibialis anterior

Answer 18

Front of tibia on lower leg

Question 19

Erector spinae

Answer 19

Long muscle running either side of spine

Question 20

Teres major

Answer 20

Between scapula and humerus

Question 21

Trapezius

Answer 21

Large triangular muscle at the top of back

Question 22

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 22

Large muscle covering back of lower ribs

Question 23

Obliques

Answer 23

Waist

Question 24

Gluteals

Answer 24

Large muscle on buttocks

Question 25

Antagonistic muscle pairs (Origin, Insertion)

Answer 25

Origin- the fixed end of the muscle that remains stationary Insertion- the end of the muscle that moves. The insertion normally crosses over a joint to allow movement when the muscle shortens.

Question 26

Isometric

Answer 26

The length of the muscle does not change and the joint angle does not alter

Question 27

Concentric

Answer 27

Muscle will shorten as the muscle fibres contract during a bicep curl

Question 28

Eccentric

Answer 28

When a muscle returns to its normal length after shortening against resistance

Question 29

Type 1 fibres

Answer 29

- (Slow twitch) fibres contract slowly and with less force | - Slow to fatigue and suited to longer-duration aerobic activities

Question 30

Type lla fibres

Answer 30

- (Also called fast-twitch it fast-oxidative fibres) are fast-contracting, Abel to produce a great force, and are also resistant to fatigue - Less reliant on oxygen for energy

Question 31

Type llx

Answer 31

- (Also called fast-twitch it fast glycolysis fibres) contract rapidly and have the captivity to produce large amounts of force, but fatigue more rapidly, making them better suited to anaerobic activity

Question 32

All or none law

Answer 32

For a muscle to contract it must receive a nerve impulse, and this stimulus must be sufficient to activate at least one motor unit which contains the motor neuron and the attached muscle fibres. Once activated, ALL the muscles fibres within the motor unit will contract and produce a muscle twitch.

Question 33

Responses of the muscular system to a single sport or exercise session

Answer 33

- Increased blood supply - Increased muscle temperature - Increased muscle pliability - Lactate (high intensity exercise) - Micro tears (resistance exercise) - Delayed onset of muscle soreness

Question 34

Adaptations of the muscular system to exercise

Answer 34

- Hypertophy - Increased tendon strength - Increase in number and size of mitochondria - Increase in myoglobin stores - Increase in storage of glycogen - Increase in storage of fat - Increased tolerance to lactate

Question 35

Additional factors affecting the muscular system

Answer 35

Age- as you get older your muscle mass will decrease. Muscles become smaller, resulting in a decrease in muscle strength and power Cramp- the sudden involuntary contraction of your muscle