Músculo fascial compartments (thigh) Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is necrotising fasciitis?
- It is known as a flesh eating bacteria
- Bacteria feeds on the fascia
- Damage is spread along fascial planes
- Can strike anyone and can consume an entire person in a space of hrs
Why is fascia important?
It provides a framework that organises, supports and protects muscle groups, organs and tissues of the body
Where are fascial spaces found and where are they most exaggerated?
Throughout the body but most exaggerated in the head, neck and limb regions
What is the purpose of the fascial compartments of the neck?
- Ease of movement during swallowing
- Forming natural planes of tissue packing
- Help determine the spread of infection
What is the clinical use of forming natural planes of tissue packing in the fascial planes of the neck?
It allows surgical planes of access into the body
Which layer of fascia divides muscles into compartments?
Deep fascia
What are the two main classes of fascia in the neck?
- Superficial cervical fascia
- Deep cervical fascia
What 4 categories is deep cervical fascia broken into?
- Investing facia
- Pretracheal fascia
- Prevertebral fascia
- Carotid sheaths –> Alar fascia
What structure is the thigh bound by superiorly?
The hip joint
What structure is the thigh bound by inferiorly
The knee joint
Describe the tissue layers of the thigh (8)
- Skin
- Superficial fascia
- Deep fascia (Fascia Lata)
- Muscles and membrane coverings
- Femur
- Intermuscular septa
- Neuromuscular bundles
- Lymph nodes
What is the femur covered between?
Covered between the periosteum and endosperm
What are the layers of the deep fascia of the thigh?
- Deep fascia
- Illiotibial band or tract (tensor of fascia late)
- Medial intermuscular septum
- Lateral intermuscular septum
Posterior intermuscular septum
Name the 3 intermuscular septa
- Medial intermuscular septa
- Lateral intermuscular septa
- Posterior intermuscular septa
What are the 3 muscular compartments of the thigh?
- Anterior compartment
- Medial compartment
- Posterior compartment
Describe the blood supply of the thigh compartments?
They have a common blood supply from the Profunda Femuris
Describe the supplies to the thigh
Each compartment of the thigh has its own:
- General motor actions
- Own muscles
- Own nerve supply
What does the anterior compartment of the thigh contain?
- Knee extensors
- Quadriceps
What does the posterior compartment of the thigh contain?
- Knee Flexors and hip extensors
- Hamstrings
What does the medial compartment of the thigh contain?
- Hip adductors
- Adductors
Which nerves supply the anterior compartments of the thigh? (2)
- Femoral nerve
- Neural Root values - L2, 3, 4
Which nerves supply the medial compartments of the thigh?
- Obturator nerve
- Neural root values L2, 3, 4
Which nerves supply the posterior compartments?
- Sciatic nerve
- Neural root values L4, L5, S1, S2, S3
Which arteries supply the different compartments?
- Anterior compartment = The Femoral artery
- Medial compartment = Obturator artery
- Posterior compartment = Perforating branches of Profunda Femoris
