MUSCULOSKELETAL

Question 1

Gout

Answer 1

the deposit of uric acid crystals in the synovial

Question 2

the preferred drug of choice in treating chronic gout

Answer 2

Allopurinol

Question 3

Problem with purine metabolism results in

Answer 3

increase in uric acid levels in the blood

Question 4

Diagnosis of gout is based on serum uric acid levels which should be

Answer 4

below 8mg/dl

Question 5

the characteristic butterfly rash over the bridge of the nose

Answer 5

The classic feature of lupus

Question 6

primary goal after hip replacement surgery is to prevent

Answer 6

hip adduction and hyperflexion

Question 7

Because of bone erosion, pathologic fractures are a common complication of

Answer 7

multiple myeloma

Question 8

promote vasoconstriction, decrease swelling, muscle spasm and pain

Answer 8

Cold packs

Question 9

The nurse should check the residual limb periodically

Answer 9

to ensure that it lies completely flat in bed

Question 10

Three-point gait

Answer 10

used when weight –bearing is permitted on one extremity only. Advance both crutches and affected extremity several inches; maintaining good balance, advance unaffected leg, supporting weight of body on hands

Question 11

Swing-through gait

Answer 11

used in clients with paralysis of both lower extremities. Both crutches placed forward, client swing body through crutches

Question 12

To reduce surgical swelling of amputated limb

Answer 12

the residual limb should be elevated on a pillow for a period of 24 hours or less

Question 13

An abduction pillow, splint, wedge or regular bed pillows may be used

Answer 13

between the legs to prevent adduction

Question 14

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 14

is a chronic, progressive, systemic inflammatory disease that destroys synovial joints and connective tissue including major organs.

Question 15

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 15

It is an autoimmune disease

Question 16

Osteoarthritis

Answer 16

a degenerative disease marked by progressive pain, relieved by rest

Question 17

Osteoarthritis

Answer 17

It involves weight bearing joints; for example hip, knee joint.

Question 18

joint selling and systemic manifestation such as low-grade fever, fatigue, weakness, anorexia, and parasthesias

Answer 18

Early manifestation of Rheumatic Arthritis

Question 19

Osteoporosis

Answer 19

the most common metabolic bone disorder

Question 20

causing decreased bone mass and increased risk of fractures

Answer 20

Osteoporosis

Question 21

Osteoporosis

Answer 21

Causes include calcium and estrogen deficiency

Question 22

Post gastrectomy clients are susceptible

Answer 22

Osteoporosis

Question 23

compartment syndrome

Answer 23

secondary edema causes an increase in the pressure in the closed spaces of the tissue compartment formed by the inelastic fascia

Question 24

As the pressure increases, obstruction of the venous circulation and arterial occlusion occur, which leads to ischemia

Answer 24

compartment syndrome

Question 25

earliest symptom of compartment syndrome

Answer 25

is unrelenting, progressive pain distal to the injury that is unrelieved by analgesics.

Question 26

Observe the client for a change in skin color could detect pallor,

Answer 26

late symptom of compartment syndrome

Question 27

Phantom limb pain

Answer 27

occurs when an amputee complains of severe pain in the removed body part

Question 28

Three major nursing concerns related to the care of an amputee

Answer 28

Stump care to promote healing; exercise to maintain tone of unaffected muscle needed for crutch walking; physiological support for loss of body part. Phantom pain may occur.

Question 29

A reddened area that does not blanch is a

Answer 29

stage 1 ulcer

Question 30

must be treated aggressively to prevent progression to other stages

Answer 30

stage 1 ulcer

Question 31

Turning the client every 2 hours

Answer 31

key nursing interventions to prevent pressure ulcers

Question 32

instead the pain is treated aggressively with medication and complimentary therapy

Answer 32

The nurse never doubts that the client is experiencing pain in the removed body part;

Question 33

keeping the heel off the bed

Answer 33

key nursing interventions to prevent pressure ulcers

Question 34

and advance cane at the same time as the affected extremity

Answer 34

Instruct a client using a cane to hold it in the opposite side of the affected extremity

Question 35

a soft tissue injury that occurs when a muscle or tendon is excessively stretched

Answer 35

strain

Question 36

Four point gait

Answer 36

used when weight bearing is allowed on both extremities. Advance right crutch, step with left foot, advance left crutch, step with right foot.

Question 37

Two-point gait

Answer 37

acceleration of four point gait. Right crutch moves together with left leg; left crutch moves together with right crutch

Question 38

excessive stretching of one or more ligaments that usually results from twisting movements

Answer 38

sprain

Question 39

Heat, moist compress, whirlpool bath and ultrasound

Answer 39

all increase vasodilation, decrease muscle spasm, joint stiffness and pain

Question 40

hold upper bars, move walker forward, then step into it

Answer 40

clients who use walkers