Musculoskeletal

Question 1

What are nonsynovial joints?

Answer 1

Immovable joints

Question 2

What are Synovial joints?

Answer 2

Moveable joints

Question 3

What is cartilage?

Answer 3

Flexible covering

Question 4

What is a ligament?

Answer 4

Bone to bone

Question 5

What is bursa?

Answer 5

sac of synovial fluid

Question 6

What is fasciculi?

Answer 6

Bundles of muscle fibers

Question 7

What is a tendon?

Answer 7

Muscle to bone

Question 8

What equipment is needed in a physical musculoskeletal exam??

Answer 8

Tap measure, Goniometer to measure joint angles, skin marking pen

Question 9

What is the order of examination?

Answer 9

Inspection
Palpation
Range of motion
Muscle testing

Question 10

What takes place during the inspection phase of the exam?

Answer 10

Symmetry/ posture
Spine and shape
Size and contour of joint
Skin and tissues over joint

Question 11

What takes place in palpating?

Answer 11

Skin/ joint temperature, edema, pain
Muscles bony articulations
Area of joint capsule

Question 12

What takes place during muscle testing?

Answer 12

Size and symmetry
Apply opposing force
Grading muscle strength

Question 13

What is extension?

Answer 13

Straightening an extremity

Question 14

What is flexion?

Answer 14

Flexing a muscle, e.g. biceps

Question 15

What is adduction?

Answer 15

Moving toward the midline

Question 16

What is abduction?

Answer 16

Moving away from midline

Question 17

What is pronation?

Answer 17

Hands rotating so that palm side is facing downward

Question 18

What is supination?

Answer 18

Moving the hand so that palm side is facing upward

Question 19

What is inversion?

Answer 19

Ankle toward midline

Question 20

What is eversion?

Answer 20

Ankle away from midline

Question 21

What is medial rotation?

Answer 21

Hip toward midline

Question 22

What is lateral rotation?

Answer 22

Hip moves over other leg e.g. legs crossed

Question 23

What would a grade of 0 ROM suggest?

Answer 23

No contraction. Has contracture

Question 24

What is a grade of 1 ROM?

Answer 24

Slight contraction
Can’t perform ROM even with passive ROM

Question 25

What would a grade of 2 ROM suggest?

Answer 25

Full ROM without gravity Requires passive ROM

Question 26

What would a grade of 3 ROM suggest?

Answer 26

Full ROM with gravity Can’t perform task with resistance

Question 27

What would a grade of 4 ROM suggest?

Answer 27

Full ROM against gravity (some resistance) Somebody that is weak, but able

Question 28

What would ROM of 5 suggest?

Answer 28

Full ROM against gravity (full resistance)

Question 29

Inside the joint, limits active and passive ROM

Answer 29

Articular

Question 30

Tendon, ligament, nerve; > limits to active ROM

Answer 30

Extra-articular

Question 31

Audible and palpable crunching or grating

Answer 31

Crepitation

Question 32

Which spinal curvature is more common during pregnancy?

Answer 32

Lordosis

Question 33

Which spinal curvature is more common in aging adults?

Answer 33

Kyphosis