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PANCE Flashcards > Musculoskeletal > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

MC chest deformity and gender

A

Excavatum as opposed to carinatum
MC in men

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2
Q

2 complications of rib fractures and imaging

A

Pneumonia and Atelectasis
Get a rib series

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3
Q

Compartment pressure that is bad

A

> 30mmHg

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4
Q

Osteoarthritis nodes

A

Heberden’s - DIP - never involved in RA
Bouchard’s - PIP
Pain in AM under 60 mins

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5
Q

Acute osteomyelitis

A

4-6 weeks

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6
Q

MC organism for osteomyelitis

A

S aureus

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7
Q

Imaging and lab for osteomyelitis

A

MRI and blood cultures

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8
Q

Management for Osteomyelitis
MSSA
MRSA
Enterococcus
E coli

A

MSSA - Nafcillin or Oxacillin 2nd - 2nd gen cephalosporine
MRSA - Vanc 2nd either gentamycin or Bactrim with rifampin and linezolid
Enterococcus - Ampicillin 2nd vanc
E coli - Ciprofloxacin, 2nd - 3rd gen caphalosporine

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9
Q

When can a pavlik harness be used

A

under 6 months of age

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10
Q

When use closed as opposed to open reduction for congenital hip dysplasia

A

6-18 months of age

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11
Q

Tibial plateu fracture

A

Hit in the leg while bearing weight on it. Immobilize and refer to ortho

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12
Q

Ottowa ankle rules

A

Cant walk four steps
Tanderness at the posterior edge or tip of the medial or lateral malleolus

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13
Q

Ottowa foot rules

A

Bone tenderness at base of 5th metatarsal
Bone tenderness at the navicular
Inability to bear weight for four steps

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14
Q

Jones fracte

A

Fracture at the base of the fifth metatarsal
Short leg cast
SUrgery

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15
Q

Posterior hip dislocation picture

A

Short, Adducted, Internally Rotated

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16
Q

Anterior hip dislocation picture

A

Flexed, Abducted, Externally rotated

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17
Q

Difference between Osgood-Schlatter and CHondromalacia Patella

A

Osgood Schlatter - Pain over tibial tuberosity
CHondromalacia Patella - Pain under patella

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18
Q

2 ligaments involved in an ankle sprain

A

Anterior Talofibular ligament
Calcaneal fibular ligament

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19
Q

Baker’s cyst

A

Bulge behind the knee - due to underlying disease such as RA
Burst causing calf pain
US/MRI

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20
Q

ACL tear MOA

A

SUdden deceleration or rotation

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21
Q

Meniscus v Ligament injury

A

Locking and popping for meniscus
Pop with inability to bear weight

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22
Q

Osteochondroma

A

Cartilage capped bony spur - benign

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23
Q

Osteosarcoma

A

Starburst or sunray pattern on XR

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24
Q

Ewing’s Sarcoma

A

Palpable fixed soft tissue mass
Moth eaten bone

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25
Cancers metastatic to the bone
Prostate Breast Lung Kidney THyroid
26
MC presenting complaint for fibromyalgia
Fatigue = MC Looking for general achiness
27
Management of fibromyalgia
TCA, Gabapentin, Anxiolytics Exercise
28
Gout
Needle shaped crystals Uric acid increased Negative birefringence NSAIDS and Colchicine Allopurinol Probenecid for under secretors only
29
Drugs to avoid in gout
THiazides Furosemide Cyclosporine ASA Alcohol
30
Pseudogout
Calcium pyrophosphate crystals Rhomboid shaped crystals biregringement NSAIDs ONLY no allopurinol, etc.
31
Juvenile Rheumatoid arthritis
Looks like Septic arthritis with salmon rash Elevate ferritin Systemic disease = Still disease
32
Management for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
NSAIDs - first line MTX - 2nd line Leflunomide, TNF meds can also be used
33
Side effects of bisphosphonates
Frozen Bones and Jaw Osteonecrosis
34
Polyarteritis Nodosa
Does not affect the lung Medial size blood vessels fever malaise and weight loss Raised bruising Increased Sed rate
35
Management of polyarteritis nodosa
Steroids Cyclophosphomide if needed
36
Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Aching and stiffness in muscles with joint pain ESR>50 - separate from fibromyalgia Rapid response to steroids
37
Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis
Muscle wekaness without facial muscle weakness CK, ALdolase and muscle syndrome Dermatomyositis - OCCULT malignancy with shawl sign and periorbital edema
38
Multiple painful ulcers on penis
Due to reactive arthritis!!
39
Reactive arthritis management and labs
Manage with indomethacin Increased SED rate
40
Joints and deformities of RA hands
PIP, MCP with swan neck and Z deformities
41
Management of rheumatoid arthritis
NSAIDs, ASA, PT - First line MTX, HXQ, anti TNF
42
Sjogren's
Dry eyes, dry mouth Dysphagia Schirmers test Anti-ro and anti-la
43
4 drugs that can induce lupus and how to recognize it
Procainamide, Hydralazine, Isoniazid, Quinidine No skin findings or kidney involvement
44
Lupus presentation
Malar rash Canker sores Endocarditis with neg cultures Anti Smith antibodies, Anti ds DNA is best test
45
Renoprotective drug in lupus
Mycophenolate
46
Systemic sclerosis
Thightening syndrome Anti-topoisomerase (SCL-70) and anticentromere
47
CREST for systemic sclerosis
C - Calcinosis R - Reynauds E - Esophageal dysmotility S - Sclerodactyly T - Telangiectasias
48
Only autoimmune test to order if ANA is negative
Rheumatoid factor
49
Ankylosing spondylitis
Inflammation and progressive fusion of the vertebrae Must include SI joint Seronegative and MC in men Improves with leaning forward - HLA B-27 NSAIDs
50
Cauda Equina
Bilateral sciatica and disturbance in bowel/bladder function Steroids are the next tx emergently
51
L3 readicular symtpoms
Pain and sensory in medial thigh Hip flexors affected
52
L4 radiculopathy symptoms
Medial calf pain/sensory Quads affected Patellar reflex
53
L5 radicular symptoms
Lateral calf and dorsum of foot seonsory affected Can't dorsiflex toes
54
S1 radicular symptoms
Pain in heal and posterior calf Achilles tendon reflex affected
55
Schaurmens disease
Kyphosis in puberty Vertabrae wedging and end plate irregularity
56
Angle thresholds for scoliosis
Under 20 watch 20-40 - brace Over 40 Refer for surgery
57
3 differences between neurogenic and vascular claudication
Walking up a hill pain ful only with vascular PULSES & Loss of hair - vascular
58
When to do XR for back strain and management
trauma or symptoms Manage with early mobilization
59
Thoracic outlet syndrome
Can have neuro or vascular symptoms Do testing depending on symptoms
60
Jefferson and Hangman's fx
Jefferson - C1 Hangmans - C2
61
Clay shovelers fx
C6 or 7 fracture - due to severe hyperflexion
62
Boxer's fracture
Fifth metacarpal only
63
Radial fracture sign
Posterior fat pad - always abnormal Anterior fat pad - may see a small one
64
Colles v smith fx
Colles - Dorsal displacement of hand Smith's - Volar displacement
65
Only time to think posterior shoulder dislocation
Post Grand-Mal seizure
66
Presentation for anterior and posterior shoulder dislocation
Anterior - Inferior, Externally rotated Posterior - Internally rotated
67
Potential for nerve injury for shoulder dislocation
Axillary nerve - think deltoid
68
Rotator Cuff muscles
Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor Subscapularis
69
Management for shoulder separation
Surgery if complete tear or displacement Greater than 5mm separation
70
Gamekeepers thumb
Forced radial abduction of the MCP with injury to ulnar collateral ligament Affects pincer function
71
Epicondylitiss
Lateral - Tennis Medial - Golfer
72
Ganglion cysts
Tender cystic swelling over or near tendon sheath Volar wrist Many resolve spontaneously
73
3 complications of marfans
Aortic Aneurism Retinal Detachment Pneumothoraces

PANCE Flashcards (4 decks)

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