Musculoskeletal

Question 1

treatment for mild ankle sprain

Answer 1

RICE

Question 2

treatment for medial tibial stress syndrome

Answer 2

shin splint and RICE

Question 3

What is Lachman’s test?

Answer 3

tests for ACL injury (more accurate than drawer test)

Question 4

What do drawer tests for?

Answer 4

tests anterior/posterior ligament injury

Question 5

What is lateral epicondylitis also called?

Answer 5

tennis elbow, overuse injury, pain radiates from elbow into forearm

Question 6

mass or nodule under the 4th/5th toes

Answer 6

Morton’s neuroma

Question 7

risk factors for osteoporosis

Answer 7

white, Asian
family hx
age
female, low estrogen
previous fracture
long-term oral steroids
low body weight
smoking, etoh
diabetes
sedentary lifestyle

Question 8

What are bisphosphonates (Fosamax) used to treat?

Answer 8

osteoporosis

Question 9

What DEXA T-scores represent osteopenia and osteoporosis?

Answer 9

T-score:
-1.0-.2.5 = osteopenia
less than -2.5 osteoporosis

Question 10

What is Paget’s disease?

Answer 10

abnormal breakdown and growth of bones = large, soft bones

TX: bisphosphonates (fosamax) and/or surgery for fractures or joint replacements

Question 11

morning stiffness that lasts more than an hour: OA or RA?

Answer 11

RA

Question 12

1st and 2nd line treatment for OA?

Answer 12

1st: tylenol
2nd: NSAIDS

Question 13

Herberden’s vs Bouchard’s nodes. Which is PIP and DIP?

Answer 13

Herberden's = DIP distal
Bouchard's = PIP

Question 14

education for taking bisphosphonates (Fosamax)?

Answer 14

empty stomach with full glass of water, sit upright 30 min

Question 15

at what age to you screen for osteoporosis with a DEXA scan?

Answer 15

65 female

70 male

Question 16

Patient put into supine position, knee pain and a “click” sound upon manipulation of the knee equals positive sign, twisting injury, pain when knee flexed.

Answer 16

(+)McMurray sign suggests torn MENISCUS

Question 17

navicular fracture

Answer 17

(scaphoid or snuff box fx) is a stress fracture, may take up to 2 weeks to show on xray, caused by patient falling forward and catching their fall with their hands

Question 18

clicking, popping, locking, catching, “giving-out” of knee… is this torn meniscus or torn ACL?

Answer 18

meniscus

Question 19

pull tibia forward

free movement/laxity indicates ACL injury

Answer 19

Lachman’s test

Question 20

burning pain or numbness between 3rd and 4th toes; may have small palpable “pebble-like” nodule between 3rd and 4th toes.

Answer 20

Morton’s neuroma

Question 21

common cause of knee pain among young athletes during growth spurt

Answer 21

Osgood Schlatter Dx

Question 22

Pain in the hip or knee, limp, osteonecrosis of the capital femoral epiphysis

Answer 22

Legg-Calves-Perthes

Question 23

forward bend tests for

Answer 23

scoliosis, 10* is positive

Question 24

discuss scoliosis degrees

Answer 24

10= scoliosis, conservative tx
20-30=brace
40*= surgery

Question 25

the straight leg test for _____.

Answer 25

sciatica

Question 26

treatment for Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

Answer 26

refer to ortho for surgery (femoral head is out of place)

Question 27

how many points are needed to dx fibromyalgia?

Answer 27

11 of 18 points x 3 months

Question 28

(+) Finkelstein's sign

Answer 28

pain when thumb is tucked under fingers = De Quervain's Dx (tenosynovitis)

Question 29

male in his 20's complains of chronic upper back pain (thoracic and sacroiliac joints)

Answer 29

ankylosing spondylitis

Question 30

HLA-B27 postive antigen

Answer 30

ankylosing spondylitis

Question 31

which is which? lateral or medial epidcondyle tendon pain [golfers or tennis elbow]

Answer 31

``` lateral= tennis medial= golfers ```

Question 32

pain located along the inner border of the tibia after exercise

Answer 32

shin splints aka medial tibial fracture | tx: RICE, bone scan or MRI

Question 33

treatment for acute gout?

Answer 33

Indocin or Naproxen | if no relief at Colchicine

Question 34

treatment for prevention of gout flare?

Answer 34

allopurinol | don't use during acute flare