Musculoskeletal Assessment Flashcards
(20 cards)
bones
Provide structure, give protection, serve as levers, store calcium and produce blood cells
bone tissue formed
by osteoblasts
bone tissue broken down
by osteoclasts
joints
where two or more bones articulate
Fibrous joints
skull
cartilage joints
between vertebrae
synovial joints
space between bones filled w/ synovial fluid; bones in synovial joints are joined together by ligaments
muscles
600 muscles in the body makes up 40% to 50% of its weight. 3 types, they contract and relax to move joints. Muscles give the body shape and produce heat during movement.
types of muscle
skeletal (attached to bones by tendons for movement); smooth; cardiac
pivot
neck
ball and socket
shoulder
hinge
elbow
saddle
wrist
gliding
feet
cartilage
Allows bones to slide over one another, reduces friction, prevents damage, absorbs shock. Example: Articular cartilage found on the ends of bones.
tendons
connect muscle to bones. Example: Biceps bronchii tendon in the shoulder, which connects the bicep muscle over the head of the humerus to the glenoid fossa.
ligaments
connect bone to bone to stabilize joints and limit movement. Example: anterior crutate ligament in the knee, which prevents lateral movement of the knee.
bursae
Small, disc-shaped synovial fluid sacs found at friction sites of joints. Example: acromion bursa in shoulder to reduce friction during adduction.
meniscus
cartilage disc between bones to absorb shock and cushion joints. Example: the medial and lateral mecisci in the knee, which cushion the tibia and femur.
fascia
Flat sheet that line and protect muscle fibers, attach muscle to bone, and provide structure for nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatics. Example The outer layer of fascia, which tapers at the end to form tendons. (opens for nerve endings, provides blood supply, allows for draining for lymph nodes
