Musculoskeletal Conditions

Question 1

Active terminal device

Answer 1

A body powered, externally powered, or hybrid-powered hook or realistic looking hand that assists with functional activities

Question 2

Antideformity (safe position) burn splint

Answer 2

Wrist - 20° extension
MCP - 90° flexion
PIP & DIP - 0° extension

Question 3

Cancer

Answer 3

disease of the body’s cells in which abnormal cells multiply rapidly

Question 4

Chemotherapy

Answer 4

use of chemicals to kill the cancer cells

Question 5

Common LE deformities and manifestations of RA

Answer 5

Claw toe, hammer toes, cock-up toe, hallux valgu (bunion)

Question 6

Common UE deformities and manifestations of RA

Answer 6

Boutonniere deformity, swan neck, mallet finger, ulnar drift, mutilans deformity

Question 7

Contracture

Answer 7

a fixed posture due to shortening of skin, ligaments, jt capsule, tendons and muscles resulting from an injury or condition

Question 8

Dynamic splint

Answer 8

splint that may involve metal or loop components and where the angle of pull needs to be 90° for most effective outcome

Question 9

Elbow or knee extension splint

Answer 9

positions the limb in as much extension as possible

Question 10

Full weight bearing (FWB)

Answer 10

client can put up to 100% of their weight on the extremity without causing damage

Question 11

Fibromalgia

Answer 11

widespread pain affecting the entire musculoskeletal system

Question 12

Immunotherapy

Answer 12

use of medicine to block or heighten immune system responses

Question 13

Lumbrical bar splint

Answer 13

Splint to ↓ MCP hyperextension and IP flexion contractures

Question 14

Non-weight bearing (NWB)

Answer 14

no weight can be placed on the affected extremity

Question 15

Osteoarthritis (OA)

Answer 15

noninflammatory condition that causes a breakdown in articular cartilage as a result of mechanical and chemical factors, resulting in ↓ jt space, and painful bone on bone contact

Question 16

Osteopenia

Answer 16

Reversible weakening of the bone and a precursor to osteoporosis

Question 17

Osteoporosis

Answer 17

progressive condition by low bone mass or density and deterioration leading to bone fragility and pathological fx, especially WB bones

Question 18

Partial Weight Bearing (PWB)

Answer 18

affected extremity may bear only 50% of clients weight

Question 19

Passive Terminal Device

Answer 19

realistic, non functional hand worn for cosmetic purposes

Question 20

Phantom Limb

Answer 20

sensation that the missing limb is still there; usually not painful, but may remain for the rest of the persons life

Question 21

Phantom Sensation

Answer 21

sensation that appears to occur in the missing limb; can be any type, i.e., cramping, relaxed, numb, cold, and burning

Question 22

Radiation Therapy

Answer 22

use of radioactive material to kill cancer cells

Question 23

Resting hand, ball, and cone splints

Answer 23

splint to decrease tone in the hand and UE

Question 24

RA

Answer 24

progressive synovitis (inflammation of the synovial membrane) of the diarthrodial jts that can lead to destruction of ligament, tendon, cartilage and bone

Question 25

Serial Casting

Answer 25

use of fiberglass or plaster of paris materials to position clients with increased tone and to stretch out soft tissue contractures over a period of time

Question 26

soft neoprene splints

Answer 26

commonly used for RA or CP to increase functional use of the hand; positions thumb and forearm

Question 27

Splint to prevent foot drop

Answer 27

AFO
Below the knee splint that keeps ankles at 0° for future ambulation

Question 28

thumb abduction splint to prevent thumb adduction contracture

Answer 28

splint that forms a C bar between the thumb and index web space

Question 29

Toe Touch Weigh Bearing TTWB

Answer 29

WB were the toe of the affected extremity can touch the ground for balance ONLY; 90% of body weight is placed on the unaffected leg

Question 30

THR precautions, anterolateral approach

Answer 30

No external rotations
no adduction
no hip extension
sometimes no hip abduction

Question 31

THR precautions, posterior

Answer 31

no hip flexion past 90°
no internal rotation
no adduction

Question 32

TKR precautions

Answer 32

no placing pillow under knee while in bed
rest feet on the floor while sitting to increase ROM
wearing an immobilizer as instructed
avoid kneeling, squatting, or twisting the knee

Question 33

WBAT

Answer 33

client judges how much weight they can tolerate on the basis of pain

Question 34

wrist extension splint to prevent wrist drop

Answer 34

functional splint with 45° of wrist extension worn during day