Musculoskeletal system

Question 1

main process/ purpose of this system?

Answer 1

• body support and protection of internal organs
• contraction and relaxation of the muscles
• locomotion and movement

Question 2

what is needed in order for movement to take place in humans?

Answer 2

a framework (skeleton) and muscles to attach to bones.

Question 3

how many bones do we have

Answer 3

206 / babies have 263 they fuse together

Question 4

why can bones grow

Answer 4

because it is a living tissues

Question 5

functions of skeleton?

Answer 5

• gives shape to body
• protects organs
• bones produce blood cells
• bones store minerals( calcium & phosphorus)
• enables movement

Question 6

what are the 2 main parts of the skeleton?

Answer 6

Axial and Appendicular

Question 7

Axial consist of? (3)

Answer 7

• skull
• vertebral column
• rib cage

Question 8

what does appendicular consist of? ( appendicular means hang on)

Answer 8

pectoral girdle - arms
pelvic girdle - legs

Question 9

what is cartilage and its function?

Answer 9

connective tissue found on joints to reduce friction and acts as a shock absorber. (also found in nose and ears)

Question 10

function of ligaments?

Answer 10

attaches bone to bone

Question 11

function of tendon?

Answer 11

attach muscle to bone

Question 12

what do muscles consist of and it’s functions

Answer 12

consist of Fibres.

functions:
- contract and relax
- movement
- ability to propel

Question 13

what types of muscles do you get?

Answer 13

1. smooth muscle
2. skeletal muscle
3. cardiac muscle

Question 14

discuss the skeletal muscle

Answer 14

• responsible for voluntary movement
• attached to skeleton
• has striated, tubular, multinucleated fibres

Question 15

discuss the cardiac muscle

Answer 15

• found in the heart
• involuntarily contraction of the heart
• had striated, branched, uninucleated fibres

Question 16

discuss the smooth muscle

Answer 16

• responsible for contraction of internal organs
• involuntary
• has spindle- shaped, non-striated, uninucleated fibres

Question 17

discuss antagonistic muscles

Answer 17

• work in pairs
• only contact or relax
• when one muscle contacts the other will relax (biceps n triceps, quadriceps n hamstrings)

Question 18

what causes rickets and what does it result in?

Answer 18

caused by
- lack of vitamin D
- lack of calcium in diet

results in
- soft and weak bones
- stunted bone formation

Question 19

discuss arthritis

Answer 19

it involves inflammation of your joints. bones grind against eachother which is painful.
swelling and pain in joints.

Question 20

what else is arthritis known as

Answer 20

Oesteoarthitis and wear and tear arthritis

Question 21

inflammation caused by over active immune system is?

Answer 21

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 22

osteoporosis is?

Answer 22

Loss in bone mass, bones become brittle and break easily. more common in women after menopause & elderly people

Question 23

what causes osteoporosis

Answer 23

• Lack in calcium or vitamin D
• Smoking
• decrease in physical activity
• high alcohol intake

Question 24

what treatment for osteoporosis

Answer 24

• increase in weight bearing excercises
• increase in calcium or vitamin D
• medication

Question 25

what treatment for osteoporosis

Answer 25

- increase in weight bearing excercises - increase in calcium or vitamin D - medication

Question 26

what type of skeleton do humans have? + properties

Answer 26

endoskeleton. can grow large in size but not all parts are protected and takes long to heal

Question 27

grasshoppers, crabs, cockroaches have what type of skeleton? + properties

Answer 27

exoskeleton have a hard outer covering. all tissue is protected but if they want to grow they must first get rid of the shell and this is called moulting

Question 28

jelly fish, octopus, blue bottles have what type of skeleton ?+ properties

Answer 28

hydrostatic skeleton fluid filled cavity surrounded by muscles. they heal quickly and are very light.