Music 10 Flashcards
(27 cards)
Monophony
texture
Music with a single ‘Part’; ‘part’ typically means a single vocal melody, but it could mean a single melody on an intrument of one kind or another.
When we hear one main melody without accompaniment, the texture is monophonic.
Polyphony
texture
means music with more than one part and so this indicates simultaneous notes
Simultaneous performance of two or more melodic lines of relatively equal interest produces the texture called polyphonic, meaning having many sounds.
Homophony
texture
means multiple parts generally move in the same rhythm. contrast of poly.
When we hear one main melody accompanied by chords, the texture
Heterophony
texture
Multiple parts uses the same melody, but in somehow different times.
What is structure
In music, structure relates to the composition of a musical piece. In particular, it describes the arrangement of different notes in making a line of music. In the arrangement, there must be a beginning, middle and an end. A motive is a term of measure in making a musical phrase.
Structures consists of
- intro
- Verse
- Bridge
- Chorus
- Solo
- Coda
- Fade out
Contrast
Forward motion, conflict, and change of mood all come from contrast.
Oppositionof loud and soft, strings and woodwinds, fast and slow, major and minorpropels and develops musical ideas. A composer can emphasize the power and excitement of one musical idea by contrasting it with another idea that is calm and lyrical
Variation
In the variation of a musical idea, some of its features will be retained while others are changed.
For example, the melody might be restated with a different accompaniment. Or the pitches of a melody might stay the same while its rhythmic pattern is changed. A whole composition can be created from a series of variations on a single musical idea.
Three-Part (Ternary) Form: A B A
During the last few centuries three-part form (A B A) has probably been used most frequently. This form can be represented as statement (A), contrast or departure (B), return (A).
Two-Part (Binary) Form: A B.
A composition subdivided into two large sections is in two-part form (A B). Two-part form gives a sense of statement (A) and counterstatement (B).
Instruments of Orchestra
- The String Family:
- Violin
- Viola
- Cello
- Double bass
- The Woodwind Family:
- Flute and Piccolo
- Clarinet and Bass Clarinet
- Oboe and English Horn
- Basson and Contrabassoon
- The Brass family:
- Trumpet and cornet
- French Horn and baritone Horn
- Trombone
- Tuba - The Percussion Family
Definite Pitch: - Timpani (Kettledrums) - Glockenspiel - Xylophone - Celesta - Chimes Indefinite Pitch: - Snare Drum - Bass Drum - Tambourine - Triangle - Cymbals - Gong (tam-tam)
Consonance
A tone combination that is stable
Dissonance
A tone combination that is unstable
Triad
Great variety of chords
I-III-V
chord
combination of three or more tones sounded at once.
Harmony
Way chords are constructed and how they follow each other
Melody
Series of single notes that adds up to a recognizable whole.
Metronome
An apparatus used to keep in time cause it makes ticking sounds. can be changed to the exact number of beats per minute.
Tempo
Speed of beat and the pace of music
Accent
when a note is emphasized most obviously by being played louder than the notes around it
Syncopation
When an accented note comes where we normally wouldnt accept one
Meter
The organization of beats into regular groups
Measure
A group containing a fixed number of beats
Rhythm
is the flow of music through time.
Rhythm has several interrelated aspects: beat, meter, accent and syncopation, and tempo
