music

Question 1

what are the origin of music

Answer 1

no one for sure knows how music originated although human made noises and percussion instruments would have been the first. example of simple wind instruments made from bones have been found in europe and the Middle East

the history of early humankind meant that in the early days, when communication between groups of people was rare, music evolved at a local level and hence many musical instruments and traditions were localised e.g bag pipes in Scotland. however, religion played a part in the dissemination of music, particularly within the Christian church

Question 2

what was the influence of the Christian church on music

Answer 2

the influence of the Christian church was further enhanced by the works of the monks. these people were highly educated and monks across Europe could all speak latin, a common language which helped the spread of not only written songs but also musical notation. music as a custom grew further when it became a more formal type of entertainment and as such operas were written and performed for the upper and middle classes.

Question 3

what was one of the first technological innovations to help with the diffusion of music

Answer 3

the printing press.

Question 4

what did a growing network of transportation help do

Answer 4

whilst music still remained fragmented and localised, the growing network of transportation allowed a more standardised approach to music to be established

Question 5

what is music

Answer 5

music is defined as the art of sound that expresses ideas and emotions using rhythm, Melody, harmony and lyrics

Question 6

timeline of the evolution of music

Answer 6

476-1475=medieval
1475-1600=renaissance
1600-1750=baroque
1750-1820=classical
1820-1900=romantic
1900-2000=modern
2000+=postmodern

Question 7

outline the major transport advancements and explain how they have aided in changing the diffusion of music

Answer 7

railways
streamships
aeroplanes

advancements in transport technologies have enhanced global connections and networks, allowing music to be diffused and listened too worldwide. transport advancements have also driven connections and collaboration between popular musicians, professional songwriters, studios and fans

Question 8

timeline showing the advancements in telecommunication and technologies in music

Answer 8

1877- Thomas Edison first successfully recorded sound

1889- Emil Berliner vinyl discs

1910- vinyl discs sales overtook the market

1920- first radio broadcast took place in the USA

1930- magnectic tape first used to record music

1970-1980- cassette tapes were popular

2000- compact discs reached peal sales

2001- apple created online MP3 purchasing library, iTunes, iPod

2005- YouTube

2006- Spotify

2007- sound cloud, Amazon music

2015- Apple Music

Question 9

how have telecommunication advancements have facilitated changes in the diffusion of music

Answer 9

the evolution of telecommunication technologies has played a major role in the world-wide diffusion of music, particularly pop music

Question 10

explain how telecommunication advancements have aided in the generation of music

Answer 10

advancement to telecommunication meant that music from parts of Africa and USA were combined over a period of time to produce a new mixture of black and white music which came to be known as rock and roll and later simply as rock. this type of music was new ad unheard of before and started a new generation of music in the 1950s

Question 11

list the different aspects of the entertainment industry that multinational record labels control

Answer 11

as these multinational media companies now control many different aspects of the entertainment industry, including recording, production, distribution, promotion, marketing and touring. they have a very big influence over the dispersion of music and what gets heard and where

Question 12

explain how print media and television aids in the diffusion of pop music

Answer 12

print media use, including billboards and magazine advertising has been used by artist to spread their ‘brand’ and visibility by promoting their music or using product sponsorships, musicians that appear in popular print advertisements commercials and product endorsements have found a way to link to pop cultural, promoting the musician and the product around the world

Question 13

describe how technology has impacted music revenue in Australia

Answer 13

streaming popularity has increased from 2010 to 2019 and therefore the revenue has increased from just below 400,000,000 to around 600,000,000 proving that once better technology was avaible then they was a sudden rise in total revenue from 384,015,182 in 2010 to 555,054,727 in 2019. physical CD’s and physical items have almost completely disappeared from 2010 to 2019

Question 14

why do artist use telecommunications methods

Answer 14

these advancements have allowed modern day artist to have their music diffused and embraced by people and places worldwide. however, these musicians do not rely on just one mode of telecommunication technology rather, they use multiple modes to allow greater diffusion and adoption.

Question 15

what is an example some using multiple methods to spread music

Answer 15

using CD’s
Spotify
iTunes
YouTube

Question 16

what is a record label

Answer 16

a brand or trademark associated with the marketing of music recordings and music videos

Question 17

why would a artist sign to a record label

Answer 17

to broaden their consumer base, market their albums, and be promoted and heard on radio, television, and music streaming services. record labels provide publicists who assist performers in gaining positive media coverage and arrange for merchandise to be available vis stores and other media outlets

Question 18

who are the big three

Answer 18

they are large multinational corporations that control the music industry.

Question 19

who is about of the big three

Answer 19

universal music group
song music
Warner music group

Question 20

record companies and music publishers that are not under the control of the big three are called what

Answer 20

independent (indie)

Question 21

what method can be done by record labels to get radio station to play their artist

Answer 21

using indirect methods. ‘independent’ music plugger, or Indies, are used to promote artist to radio stations and streaming services by approaching and offering fixed annual payments for ‘consulation’ and/or ‘promotional support’. this figure can be around $100,000 Indies align themselves with certain radio stations by promising the station six figures ‘promotional payments’

then, every time the radio station adds an artist they represent to its playlist, the India gets paid by the record label.

Question 22

what are some examples of televised world events that contain musical performances that aid in the diffusion of music.

Answer 22

super bowl
music award nights
global fundraisers
olympics (opening and closing)

Question 23

what are examples off print media

Answer 23

billboards
magazine advertising

Question 24

why do music labels use social media

Answer 24

the large uptake of these sites by society has meant that music labels and pop musicians are also using these social media networks to diffuse their music and maintain their exposure on a global scale

Question 25

artist use social media to

Answer 25

keep fans constantly updated regarding their music (tour dates, new songs etc)

instantaneously interact and engage with their fans

create avid followings using artist channels showcasing their music videos such as that on YouTube

monitor their views and comments

Question 26

who is apart of the music industry

Answer 26

musical instrument makers and retailers, composers and songwriters, music teachers, manufactures of sound equipment from amplifiers to headphones, owners and managers of music revenues from recording studios through pubs and clubs to opreahouse , and a whole range of people involved in the production, management and marketing and sale of live, sheet, recorded and streamed music.

Question 27

what are the top 10 music genres

Answer 27

pop
rock
oldies
hip hop/rap
dance/electronic
indie/alternative
k-pop
metal
R&B
classical

Question 28

positive social implications to the changes in the distribution of popular music

Answer 28

the widespread adaption and embracement of pop music and its various sub genres has allowed for the sharing of different cultures

more and more people over time have been able to listen to music. this has helped to expand the visibility and perhaps even to ensure the survival of many local forms of music

music can also instil many positive messages through a song lyrics , including positive body image and confidence

increase a persons mental heath

Question 29

negative social implications to the changes in the distribution of popular music

Answer 29

the adaption of music to suit modern genres, such as pop music, has impacted traditional indigenous cultural practices, with performers discarding traditional instruments and forms of Music

the lyrics and nature of certain pop musicians can also have negative implications on individuals around the world

Question 30

positive economic implications to the changes in the distribution of popular music

Answer 30

job creation

music plays an important role in the economic development of a country. changing distribution and, therefore greater diffusion of pop music can increase revenue earned by the music industry of a country

the changing distribution of music results in the global popularity of artists, and therefore music revenue is also generated from concerts and music tourism

generation of income for a country’s economy

Question 31

negative economic implications to the changes in the distribution of popular music

Answer 31

emerging technologies that have allowed for a greater distribution of pop music have also generated large economic implications within the music industry. the digitisation of music has had huge implications on music industries in every country, with global revenues declining from decreasing album sales and piracy

Question 32

positive environmental implications to the changes in the distribution of popular music

Answer 32

music festivals have introduced recycling, sourcing sustainable biofuels, eliminating single use water bottles, and sourcing local foods to reduce these negative implications. etc banning plastic straws, promotion of reusable water bottles and recycling

Question 33

negative environmental implications to the changes in the distribution of popular music

Answer 33

international touring makes the music industry a high carbon sector. etc plane travel, bus travel transportation of sets all contribute to the emissions if touring artist

music tourism and festivals that attract large crowds create further negative environmental implications such as waste, litter, high water and energy consumption