MUSIC

Question 1

Is the matter to be described or to be portrayed by the artist.
May refer to any person, object, scene or event.

Answer 1

Subject of Art

Question 2

What are the 2 kinds of Art

Answer 2

Representational Art or Objective Art
Non- Representational Art or Non-objective Art

Question 3

Arts that depict ( represent) objects that are commonly recognized by people.
Attempt to copy, even if in a subjective manner, something that’s real.
Uses “ form” and concerns with “what” is to be depicted in the artwork.

Answer 3

Representational Art/ Objective Art

Question 4

Arts without any reference to anything outside itself (without representation).
Non-objective because it has no recognizable object.
Abstract in the sense in doesn’t represent real objects in our world
It uses “content” and concerned with “how” the artwork is depicted

Answer 4

Non- Representational Art or Non-objective Art

Question 5

What are the methods of Presenting Art Subjects

Answer 5

Realism and Abstraction

Question 6

Refers to artistic movement
Began in “ France” in the 1850s.
Popularity of realism grew with the introduction of photography - new visual source that created a desire for people to produce things to look “objectively real”
Method of portraying an art subject according to objective reality, depicts what the eyes can see, hear, sense faculty may receive.

Answer 6

Realism

Question 7

Etymology derived from latin “ abstractus” “drawn away”, or Latin past participle “abstrahere” from ab(s)- “away” + trahere “ draw” which means “ withdrawn or separated from the material objects or practical matters”
Total opposite of realism
Does not show the subject at all as an objectively reality, only his idea or feeling (exaggerated emotionalism).
All about what the artist feels and mood what they want to portray.
Abstract art is all shapes, no real-life images, scenery,or objects.

Answer 7

Abstraction

Question 8

Forms of Abstraction

Answer 8

Distortion
Elongation

Question 9

Clearly manifested when the subject is misshapen, or the regular shape is twisted out.
Form emphasizing detail to the point that something is no longer “ correctly” depicted.

Answer 9

Distortion

Question 10

Refers to that which is being lengthened, protraction or an extension.

Answer 10

Elongation

Question 11

Two types of surrealism

Answer 11

Veristic Surrealism
Automatism or Abstract Realism

Question 12

Allowed images of the subconscious to be undisturbed so that the meaning could be understood through analysis.
Follows images of the subconsciousness could understand the meaning
Ex. The Persistence of Memory by Salvador Dali

Answer 12

Veristic Surrealism

Question 13

Images of the subconscious should not be burdened by meaning, represented in an abstract form.
Focused more on feelings and less analytical.

Answer 13

Automatism or Abstract Realism

Question 14

This term is characterized by paintings containing hot beeswax as a cohesive material. Artists applied this encaustic or hot wax painting on a surface (usually a wooden panel) and then reheated the painting to achieve a glossy finish.
One of the advantages of this type of painting, originally from Greece, is its short drying time.
It can also be reworked and remodeled to fit in a collage painting or some other mixed-media form.

Answer 14

Encaustic Painting

Question 15

This is a painting method where colors are mixed with only water and no additional binders. This characteristic made it perfect for covering plastered walls because the color pigments penetrated the wall as the paint dried. The most famous examples of fresco paintings are Michelangelo’s Genesis and Last Judgement that cover the Sistine Chapel’s walls and ceiling.

Answer 15

Fresco Painting

Question 16

Instead of using beeswax as a binding agent, artists used a mixture of water and egg yolk in tempera painting. They had to prepare the surface before applying tempera paint in several thin, see-through layers. Although tempera cannot achieve the depth of colors found in oil painting, it still offers numerous advantages that have made this painting method remain for centuries.
Tempera’s decline started with the appearance of the oil painting technique that offered some new expressive quality to the art pieces. Flemish painters were the first to abandon tempera painting in favor of oil paints, and then the Italian renaissance artists followed.

Answer 16

Tempera

Question 17

Oil painting used linseed, poppy seed, and walnut oil as a drying and binding agent. It appeared in the 16th century when numerous artists embraced it as a dominant art medium. Oil painting became a widespread painting medium due to the richness of colors and glossy finishes, which tempera could not provide.
It also alleviated the work on fine details by allowing the sfumato technique. Sfumato is a delicate blending of colors to get a “smokey” effect. Leonardo Da Vinci applied this technique in painting the timeless Mona Lisa.

Answer 17

Oil painting

Question 18

As the name says, these are water-soluble colors with an incorporated binding agent. Using watercolors demands excellent artistic skills because once you apply them on paper, there is no room for correction.

Answer 18

Watercolors

Question 19

Since acrylic paint appeared in the ’40s, it has gained significant attention in the art world, thanks to its many positive features.
Acrylic paint dries quickly, and once it dries, it becomes water-resistant. You can apply it in as many layers as you need and on any surface imaginable.

Answer 19

Acrylic Paint

Question 20

This painting method involves the same techniques as calligraphy, so it is based on neatness, precision, and attention to detail. Chinese artists were using ink-wash watercolor techniques long before Europeans, making minuscule, precise brush strokes on paper or fabric. The Chinese involve spirituality in their artwork, believing that every object they paint has a soul. Thus, the primary goal of painting is capturing the soul of painted objects.

Answer 20

Chinese Painting

Question 21

It refers to an art of sound in time that expresses ideas and emotions in significant forms through the elements of rhythm, melody, harmony, and color.

Answer 21

Music

Question 22

generates vibrations and launches them into the air, serving as a medium for composers to communicate and express their ideas to the listener.

Answer 22

Musical Instrument

Question 23

Properties of Musical Sound

Answer 23

Pitch
Duration
Volume
Timbre (tone color)

Question 24

The oldest and still most popular of all instruments is the human voice. It is the most personal and direct of all instruments as it comes from within the body . The song projected by the human voice is the most natural form of music.

Answer 24

Vocal Medium

Question 25

Is a set of pitches that people produce with their voices. Voices differ considerably in range and register.

Answer 25

Vocal Register

Question 26

The 6 Classes of Vocal register

Answer 26

Soprano: high-register female voice Mezzo-soprano: medium-register female voice Alto or Contralto: low-register female voice Tenor: high-register male voice Baritone: medium-register male voice Bass: low-register male voice

Question 27

Voices are also classified according to their timbre or quality of sound. Thus, we distinguished lyric and dramatic.

Answer 27

Voice qualities

Question 28

Is the highest and lightest of all voices. The music written for this is full of runs, thrills, and light ornaments.

Answer 28

Coloratura Soprano

Question 29

Voice is less high and flute-like and usually sings less ornamental music. The voice is specially suited to sweet song-like melodies in which beauty of tone is the predominant quality

Answer 29

Lyric Soprano

Question 30

Voice is heavier and can convey intense emotions in dramatic situations

Answer 30

Dramatic Soprano

Question 31

Voice is between the soprano and contralto in quality and range.

Answer 31

Mezzo-Suprano

Question 32

Voice is low and rich in quality

Answer 32

Contralto

Question 33

The highest type in men’s voice.

Answer 33

Tenor

Question 34

Has a voice specially suited to sweet song-like melodies.

Answer 34

Lyric Tenor

Question 35

Has a heavier voice and is capable of conveying intense emotions in dramatic situations.

Answer 35

Dramatic Tenor

Question 36

Voice has a range between tenor and bass.

Answer 36

Baritone

Question 37

Voice has the lowest and deepest quality.

Answer 37

Bass

Question 38

What are the Elements of Music

Answer 38

Dynamics Form Melody Rhythm Texture Timbre Tonality

Question 39

refers to the volume of music, which can be loud or soft, and can change gradually based on the performer's interpretation.

Answer 39

Dynamics

Question 40

refers to the order and arrangement of the different parts.

Answer 40

Form

Question 41

Refers to the sound created when two or more pitches are performed at the same time to form a chord. In modern music, the ______ often comes from instruments like the guitar and piano.

Answer 41

Harmony

Question 42

A series of pitches that make a tune. In most popular music today, the melody is like an egg, it is the binding agent that holds all the elements of music together in a piece of music.

Answer 42

Melody

Question 43

is the pattern of sound, silence, and emphasis in a song. In music theory,___ refers to the recurrence of notes and rests (silences) in time.

Answer 43

Rhythm

Question 44

refers to the number of instruments or voices that contribute to the overall density of the music.

Answer 44

Texture

Question 45

refers to the unique sound quality of an instrument.

Answer 45

Timbre

Question 46

refers to the overall sound of the music.

Answer 46

Tonality

Question 47

3 main types of musical instrument

Answer 47

Bowed, blown, struck instruments

Question 48

also called stringed instruments, provide the basic orchestral sounds. They are toned by means of vibration of a stretched string.

Answer 48

String instruments

Question 49

Two types of string instruments

Answer 49

Bowed , pluck strings

Question 50

Instruments like violin, viola, violoncello, and double bass use bow or horse hair to produce tone, expressing poignant feelings and allowing infinite playing without fatigue.

Answer 50

Bowed strings

Question 51

Example of Bowed String Instruments

Answer 51

Violin Viola Violoncello Double bass

Question 52

is the highest member of the string section of the orchestra. It is universally admired for its voice-like quality. This musical instrument is renowned for its lyric melody, brilliance, and dramatic effect, with a wide range of tones that can be played quietly or loudly.

Answer 52

Violin

Question 53

slightly larger than the violin, has longer, thicker, and heavier strings and lower range, but is used more for harmony than melody, especially for mournful or passionate themes.

Answer 53

Viola

Question 54

a longer, lower-range instrument with thicker, heavier strings and a shorter, heavier bow, is known for its rich, romantic tone.

Answer 54

Violoncello

Question 55

also known as contrabass, is the largest string family member, playing on the floor and focusing on deep, indistinct tones when duplicated by the cello.

Answer 55

Double Bass (ContraBass)

Question 56

is the most popular stringed instrument, consisting of a fingerboard with frets, a light wooden body, and a flat top back.

Answer 56

Guitar/Guitar Family

Question 57

Instruments under woodwind

Answer 57

Saxophone Flute Piccolo Oboe

Question 58

This wind instrument has a single reed that combines the reed mouthpiece of a clarinet with a curved conical metal tube. It blends well with either woodwind or brass.

Answer 58

Saxophone

Question 59

a cylindrical tube made of silver alloy or metal. It is the coloratura soprano of the woodwind choir. Its sound is silvery or liquid. It can play rapid, brilliant scale passages.

Answer 59

Flute

Question 60

the smaller flute, produces the highest notes in the orchestra. Tones produced are piercing and shrill.

Answer 60

Piccolo

Question 61

is a wood-made instrument with a tube body and a double reed mouthpiece, producing a focused, intense tone with a plaintive, nasal timbre.

Answer 61

Oboe

Question 62

This section comprises a variety of instruments that are made to sound by hitting them with special sticks, or by striking or shaking their parts together. Some are made of metal or wood. In others, such as drums, vibration is set up by striking a stretched skin.

Answer 62

Percussion Instrument

Question 63

are percussion instruments of definite pitch, which are used in sets of two or three. ______ is a hemisphere copper shell. across which is a stretched "head" of calfskin held in place by two metal ring. The instrument is played with two padded sticks, which may either be soft or hard. Its dynamic range extends from a mysterious rumble to a thunderous roll.

Answer 63

Kettledrums or timpani

Question 64

consists of tuned blocks of wood which produce a dry, crisp timbre when struck. Expert _____ players attain dazzling speed and accuracy.

Answer 64

Xylophone

Question 65

Instruments under percussion

Answer 65

Xylophone Marimba Cymbals Gongs Harp

Question 66

a xylophone of African and South American origin, is associated with dance music. It is simply a xylophone with a resonator.

Answer 66

Marimba

Question 67

are a common percussion instrument. ______ consist of thin, normally round plates of various alloys. The greater majority of ____ are of indefinite pitch, although small disc shaped _____ based on ancient designs sound a definite note.

Answer 67

Cymbals

Question 68

are broadly of three types. Suspended gongs are more or less flat, circular discs of metal suspended vertically by means of cord passed through holes near to the top rim. Bossed or nipple gongs have a raised center boss and are often suspended and played horizontally.

Answer 68

Gongs

Question 69

is said to be one of the oldest musical instruments. Its earliest form appeared in the Babylonian inscriptions several thousand years ago. This instrument is almost extinct today. It survives in the modern orchestra, as a supporting instrument most of the time. Its strings are played by plucking, producing a crystalline tone that blends well with the orchestral timbres.

Answer 69

Harp

Question 70

These instruments are operated by means of a keyboard which consist of a series of black and white keys. When a performer depresses a key, a tone sounds.

Answer 70

Keyboard instruments

Question 71

It is the most popular and most widespread of all instruments. It is widely used at home, in small orchestras, and dance bands. It has the ability to sound several tones simultaneously and has the capacity to present complex musical textures by itself making it an extremely useful instrument.

Answer 71

Piano

Question 72

It is a principal keyboard instrument but it has a physical property which makes it a woodwind instrument. Its sounds are made by air forced by mechanical means through pipes. The pipes are controlled by two or more keyboards and a set of pedals.

Answer 72

Organ