Music HIst#3

Question 1

Bela Bartok

Answer 1

Early works - late romantic movement
Mikrokosmos- piano pedological study
Used folk music Bluebeards castle,

Question 2

Neotonal

Answer 2

early1900’s songel pitch as tonal center but non traditional harmonics

Question 3

Ethnomusicology

Answer 3

study of cultures and their music. peasent music

Question 4

“night music”

Answer 4

covey the feeling and representation of nature

Question 5

Concerto for orchestra

Answer 5

1943late work

Question 6

Zoltan Kodaly

Answer 6

composer, worked with Bartok as ethnomusicologist

Question 7

Charles Ives- 4 sphers of composition

Answer 7

American vernacular, Protestant church music, European classical, and experimantal

Question 8

The Unanswered question

Answer 8

08, tonal and atonal layers

Question 9

Collage

Answer 9

use of multiple tunes, layered to represent the recall of experiences from a memory

Question 10

technology on music

Answer 10

phonographs,sound film, electronic recording=radio influence

Question 11

Irving Berlin

Answer 11

Patriotic tunes, God Bless America and White Christmas. Ragtime music- Alexanders ragtime band. Wrote for revues

Question 12

Cole Porter

Answer 12

went to Yale and harvard. Sophisticated lyrics, sexual, innuendo and double-entendre. Wrote exculsivly for theater and Hollywood.

Question 13

12 bar blues

Answer 13

first four bars=1 next two=IV next two=1, next two=V last two=I. A. A. B

Question 14

the Blue note

Answer 14

A bent or b3rd, 5, or 7

Question 15

Jazz origins/features

Answer 15

born in new orleans. 20’s jazz= syncopated rhythm, novel vocal and instrumental sounds, unbridled mocking of social musical ideal, improv, performer oriented

Question 16

New orleans jazz

Answer 16

leading style after WWI, varitation of a given tune, improvised or in the same spontaneous style. alternating solos rest of the band supports rhythmicly. Call and response, gospel
Blues or pop songs as a starting point then harmonicaly played with improv over top

Question 17

Louis Armstrong/scat

Answer 17

trumpet player, amazing improv, played with King Oliver. Scat= singing syllabes rather than play notes on instrument

Question 18

Big band

Answer 18

jazz for dance music in ballrooms, supper club theater. 3 sections- brass, reeds and rhythm . brass- trumpet trombone, reed- clarinets sax, rhythm- piano, drums, guitar, double bass.

Question 19

Swing

Answer 19

dance music 30’s-40’s.

Question 20

Contrafact

Answer 20

using a popular harmonic progression and playing a new melody over top

Question 21

Film Music

Answer 21

Diegetic/source music- heard or performed by the characters themselves
Nondiegetic/underscoring music- for the audience, background music that converys a mood or aspects of scene or charactor

Question 22

Max Steiner-King Kong

Answer 22

the model for underscoring, used leit-motives to represent charactors and ideas

Question 23

Carol Starling and others

Answer 23

Starling- looney tunes and disney

others- Korngold, Newman(1st american born)

Question 24

Les Six

Answer 24

French didnt really work together. Seeked to free French music from forgien domination. anti romantic.

Question 25

Arthur Hongegger

Answer 25

Pacific 231- modernist descriptive music representing a train, tone poem. Dynamic action, strong ostinato rhythms, bold colors

Question 26

Darius Milhaud

Answer 26

Le boeuf sur la toit- ox on the roof. Brazilian folk melodies, rondo form, polytonal

Question 27

Poulenc

Answer 27

chansons, cabarets, reviews, | opera- Dialogus of the Carmeleties- execution of nuns.

Question 28

New Objectivity

Answer 28

Germany, New Realism pre Nazi, accessible music , non expressive, use familiarity, jazz Classical and Baroque

Question 29

Kurt Wiel

Answer 29

opera composer, accessible music for the people , popular music and jazz

Question 30

Three Penny Opera

Answer 30

mack the knife- jazz song, parodied American music

Question 31

Bertolt Brecht , Lotte Lenya

Answer 31

librettoist for Wiel. | Lotte - Wiel wife, horrible singer but started in many of his shows

Question 32

Paul Hindemith

Answer 32

one of the most prolific composers. late romantic then New Objectivity, neotonal Harmonic fluctuation- his own harmonic method

Question 33

Gerbrauchsmusik

Answer 33

music for use. for young musicians

Question 34

Carl Orff- Carmina burana

Answer 34

intense choral work often used in movies and commercials

Question 35

Socialist realism

Answer 35

realistic style, socialism in positive light, showing sings of progress for the people. Music- simple, accessible language,centered on melody, folk inspired, patriotic inspirational

Question 36

Formalism

Answer 36

music for it's own sake or in modernist style, frowned upon

Question 37

Sergey Profofiev acceptable works

Answer 37

returned to Russia wrote film , ballet, and childrens music. Lieutenat Kije, Romeo and Juliet, Peter and Wolf

Question 38

Dmitri Shostakovich

Answer 38

never left Russia 1st symphony at 19, after lady macbeth wrote a Soviet artist's replyto just criticism, his music is thought to have contained double meanings against Stalin reign

Question 39

Lady Macbeth of the Mtsenk Distric

Answer 39

opera '34. Stalin condemned it as formalism and too modern. portrayed surrealistic violence and sex

Question 40

Heitor Villa -Lobos- bachinas brasileiras

Answer 40

pays tribute to Bach, neo classical, Baroque harmony brazil folk melodies, solo soprano 8 cellos

Question 41

Carlos Chevas- Sinfonia India

Answer 41

ballet on Aztec scenarios, Indian melodies in modernist primitivist idiom

Question 42

Ultramodernist

Answer 42

experimentalists- focused on developing new musical resources

Question 43

Americanist

Answer 43

incorporated national styles and sounds with European genres

Question 44

Nadia Boulanger

Answer 44

french teacher of the french tradition gave lessons to Varese, Copland,

Question 45

Edgard Varese

Answer 45

French but considered American "inteligent bodies of sound moving in space" worlds fair all electronic music Phillips pavilion

Question 46

Tone Clusters

Answer 46

chords of diatonic or chromatic seconds produced bt pressing the keys w fist or forearm

Question 47

George Gershwin

Answer 47

Broadway , Rhapsody in blue- jazz concerto | Porgy and Bess folk opera

Question 48

Virgil Thomson

Answer 48

Critic and composer. Boulanger, Satie, avant garde, simple, direct. playful

Question 49

Four Saints thrre acts

Answer 49

Gertrude Stien and Thomson. 4 acts, many saints, simple words complex arrangements, mixes tango, marches, patriotic tunes, diatonic