Music Test 3 Review

Question 1

Lived from (1797-1828) and wrote over 600 songs.

Answer 1

Schubert

Question 2

Who wrote the Erlking?

Answer 2

Schubert, he wrote it at 18 years old, through composed, lied (1815). A poem.

Question 3

What was the play Faust about and who wrote it?

Answer 3

It was about a man that sold his soul to the devil to get a woman and it was written by Johann William von Goethe..

Question 4

Who are the four characters of the Erlking?

Answer 4

The narrator, the father, the son, and the evil elf king.

Question 5

When the music is changed slightly every time new words or texts were introduced (ABCDEF) ?

Answer 5

through composed (Strophic)

Question 6

When a German poem is set to music with solo voice and piano accompaniment?

Answer 6

Art song (Lied in German)

Question 7

What was the Romantic period obsessed with?

Answer 7

death and the supernatural

Question 8

Who wrote the Symphonie Fantastique and why did they write it? What are the dates of the composer?

Answer 8

Hector Berlioz (1803-1869) wrote it to show his love for Harriet Smithson. It has a tuba. (program music) (1830) Every movement of the symphony has something to do with their relationship.

Question 9

Who is Harriet Smithson?

Answer 9

A British actress that was acting in the play Romeo and Juliet the night that Berlioz went to see it. After seeing her, Berlioz became obsessed and in love with her. They eventually get married.

Question 10

When there is a paper for the musical work and every movement of the work represents a story that is described in the paper program. When the composer uses a story to correlate with the music.

Answer 10

program music

Question 11

What is the term referred to when Berlioz wrote the melody to represent the woman he fell in love with?

Answer 11

idee fixe

Question 12

Ancient Gregordian chant that is part of the Catholic Mass for the dead. This one was used in the Symphonie Fantastique by Berlioz. This is when the tuba is played in the fifth movement.

Answer 12

Dies Irae

Question 13

When was photography first invented?

Answer 13

1839

Question 14

Who wrote almost exclusively piano music?

Answer 14

Chopin

Question 15

Lived from (1810-1849). The year he died, he had his photograph taken. One of the first composers to be photographed. Specialized in character pieces.

Answer 15

Chopin

Question 16

Short romantic piano pieces that have programatic titles?

Answer 16

Character piece

Question 17

Nocturne in c# minor

Answer 17

Character piece written by Chopin

Question 18

What is a Nocturne?

Answer 18

A slow piece usually for piano that is meant to evoke the mystery and the beauty of the night.

Question 19

Borrowing notes and pitches from other keys and adding them to his keys is the technique called?

Answer 19

Greater chromatic harmony

Question 20

What is someone that is very dedicated and virtuous in their practicing?

Answer 20

Virtuoso

Question 21

Who was a piano virtuoso?

Answer 21

Liszt

Question 22

Who was a violin virtuoso?

Answer 22

Paganini

Question 23

Who only wrote operas?

Answer 23

Verdi and Wagner

Question 24

La Traviata

Answer 24

“Sempre Libera”aria, (highest note high E-flat above “high C”) (1853) written by Verdi once he was already famous.

Question 25

Dates of the American Civil War?

Answer 25

(1861-1865)

Question 26

Story of La Traviata

Answer 26

About a real person who actually lived. Violetta was a prostitute, wealthy woman with wealthy clients. Alfredo was a customer that fell in love with her and wanted her to be his wife, declines his proposal in her aria "Sempre Libera".

Question 27

Tristan and Isolde

Answer 27

(1865) "Liebestod"-"Love Death" aria

Question 28

What is the supernatural element in Wagner's opera Tristan and Isolde?

Answer 28

the love potion

Question 29

What did Wagner like to base his opera's off of?

Answer 29

Nordic Myths and legends

Question 30

What is the story of Tristan and Isolde?

Answer 30

They met on a boat where Tristan was part of the group that has taken her prisoner to be involuntarily to be married to King Mark (the king of Denmark), she asked her maid to mix a death potion, instead the maid makes a love potion. When Isolde dies later she sings her death aria.

Question 31

What did Wagner and Verdi each like about sopranos?

Answer 31

Verdi- high notes, Wagner- the volume and power of the voice

Question 32

Total art work or complete art work

Answer 32

Gesamptkunstwerk

Question 33

Little fragments of a melody designed to describe a person, place, thing, or idea that reoccur and act as guidance throughout the music.

Answer 33

Leitmotif

Question 34

Who represented nationalism?

Answer 34

Mussorgsky, wrote Pictures at an Exhibition (Nationalism)

Question 35

When in a patriotic way you use folk songs, religious music, stories and use them in your musical composition to pay honor or tribute to your nation. First of the "isms".

Answer 35

Nationalism

Question 36

A work of a solo instrument (violin) and an orchestra.

Answer 36

violin concerto

Question 37

Used double stops in his violin concerto?

Answer 37

Brahms

Question 38

The three B's of music?

Answer 38

Bach, Beethoven, and Brahms

Question 39

Where did Brahms travel throughout his lifetime and how did this influence his music?

Answer 39

He traveled in the Gypsy countries (Hungary, and Romania), used Gypsy melodies throughout his life in different pieces.

Question 40

Violin Concerto, Mvt. 3

Answer 40

Brahms, uses Gypsy melodies and double stopping (Gypsy theme)

Question 41

Russian composer that mostly wrote ballets, wrote the Nutcracker, "Dance of the Reed Pipes (Flutes)"

Answer 41

Tchaikovsky

Question 42

When was the Romantic era?

Answer 42

1820-1900

Question 43

A lengthy single movement work, very free in form and programatic in nature.

Answer 43

Symphonic poem or Tone poem

Question 44

What did the Romantic spirit do?

Answer 44

rebelled against classical ideals

Question 45

When was the phonograph developed?

Answer 45

1876/77

Question 46

What was Romeo and Juliet?

Answer 46

A famous play by Shakespeare

Question 47

Richard Wagner did not referred to his later works as operas, but instead called them?

Answer 47

Music Dramas, he thought that his opera's were too good to be called operas and want people to call them this but it did not stick.

Question 48

Romantic Opera of the 19th century was referred to as?

Answer 48

"Grand Opera" century "Golden Age of Opera"

Question 49

Music that was intended to be appreciated without any particular reference to the outside world.

Answer 49

Absolute music

Question 50

Mussorgsky creates "Pictures at an Exhibition" in remembrance of who?

Answer 50

Victor Hartman

Question 51

What are some new orchestral instruments of the Romantic era?

Answer 51

contra bassoon, bass clarinet, and the piccolo

Question 52

The Romantic Era of ballet is commonly said to have been ushered in by the?

Answer 52

framed ballerina

Question 53

Lived from (1862-1918), died near the end of WW1, famous French composer. The "Father of Modern Music". The Father of Impressionism. Used Whole Tone Scale, which has no half-steps. Also, pentatonic scales, which have 5 tones and no half-steps.

Answer 53

Debussy

Question 54

What is a faun?

Answer 54

half man, half goat

Question 55

Who wrote the Prelude to the Afternoon of Faun and what year was it made?

Answer 55

Debussy (1894)

Question 56

What music was a movement among various composers in Western classical music, mainly during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, whose music focuses on suggestion and atmosphere, "conveying the moods and emotions aroused by the subject rather than a detailed tone‐picture"?

Answer 56

Impressionism

Question 57

Died in 1970, famous Russian composer whose famous ballets shocked the world at their Paris Premieres, esp. "Rite of Spring," in 1913 to which the police had to be summoned to stop a riot. "Rite" features powerful rhythmic ostinatos and wild, colorful orchestration. This piece was used in Walt Disney's masterpiece Fantasia. Primitivism, polymeter, polytonality, etc.

Answer 57

Stravinsky

Question 58

What the song "Rite of Spring" about?

Answer 58

A sacrifice of a virgin to the gods of ancient prehistoric times. Tribal society.

Question 59

When Stravinsky borrowed from 2 keys at once and play them simultaneously?

Answer 59

Polytonality

Question 60

When Stravinsky used more than one meter at a time?

Answer 60

Polymeter

Question 61

Used by Stravinsky. Was a fascination held by some artists and composers of the early 20th century. Its focus is the art and music of non-Western and non-literate cultures.

Answer 61

Primitivism

Question 62

Died 1950. An Austrian Jew who fled Hitler's takeover of Austria, came to the USA. Wrote "Pierrot Lunaire" (1912) in an atonal style with a special technique called Sprechstimme. He soon thereafter created the "12-tone" system, a form of Serialism. Associated with the artistic movement known as Expressionism.

Answer 62

Schoenberg

Question 63

What is Sprechstimme?

Answer 63

Half sung and half spoken (speech-song). Used when there was a poetry that had to be sung or performed

Question 64

What is the 12-tone system (atonal- no tone)?

Answer 64

Played by the Black Keys on the piano. Once one of the 12 notes have been played, it cannot be played again until all 11 other notes are played. No single note can gain predominance over another note.

Question 65

An outgrowth of atonality. The 12- tone system is part of it. Since you are making a series of choices, they refer to it as?

Answer 65

Serialism

Question 66

The style of music that Schoenberg composed in. The period when music became increasingly emotional and complex. The composers exploited extreme psychological states extending to hysteria, nightmare, and insanity.

Answer 66

Expressionism

Question 67

A poem that Schoenberg turned into music. It is about a poor little puppet that horrible things happen to it when the moon is full. Dissonant sounding music.

Answer 67

"Pierrot Lunaire"

Question 68

Outstanding American Composer, born in New York City, (1900-1990). His ballet (ostinatos) "Appalachian Spring" (1944) uses the Shaker melody "Simple Gifts." used other American themes in ballets "Rodeo" (about cowboys) and "Billy the Kid" (about outlaws)

Answer 68

Aaron Copland

Question 69

A person that does not believe in producing offspring, very spiritual and very musical group of people. Eventually died off.

Answer 69

Shakers

Question 70

Dates of WW2?

Answer 70

1939-1945

Question 71

French-American 1883- 1965. Pioneer in new sounds and early electronic music and musique concrete (real (now called sampling)).

Answer 71

Edgard Varese

Question 72

Was called an American original. He created a new genre of music called chance music. Wrote 4'33".

Answer 72

John Cage

Question 73

Music with large amounts of randomness or chance to it.

Answer 73

Chance music

Question 74

American Composer (born 1939- still living). Writes eclectic music. "Concerto Grosso" (1985) blends baroque and modern elements, has a third movement based on a melody by Handel. First woman to win a Pulitzer Prize for music.

Answer 74

Ellen Taaffe Zwillich

Question 75

Who was born 300 years before Zwillich wrote her Concerto Grosso to celebrate the birth of this person.

Answer 75

Handel born in 1685

Question 76

American, still living. Minimalist composer (ostinatos, repetition) Wrote "A Short Ride in a Fast Machine" when?

Answer 76

John Adams (1986)

Question 77

The style of music when you use a lot of repetition and a lot of repeating ostinatos and you try to change it as little as you can. Effective in rock and roll and hip-hop.

Answer 77

Minimalism

Question 78

"Poem Electronique"

Answer 78

(1958) by Edgard Varese

Question 79

Date of WW1?

Answer 79

(1914-1918)

Question 80

When 2 or more chords are played at the same time?

Answer 80

Polychord

Question 81

What is the combining of several rhythmic patterns at once known as?

Answer 81

Polyrhythm

Question 82

The device that makes electronic music. Used by Varese in "Poem Electronique"

Answer 82

synthesizer

Question 83

Note unrelated by chords or key area played very close together at the same time producing a discordant sound (dissonance).

Answer 83

tone clusters

Question 84

Who invented the phonograph?

Answer 84

Thomas Edison

Question 85

When was "Pierrot Lunaire" made and who made it?

Answer 85

1912, Schoenberg

Question 86

When was "Rite of Spring" made and who made it?

Answer 86

1913, Stravinsky

Question 87

When was "Appalachian Spring" made and who made it?

Answer 87

1944, Aaron Copland

Question 88

What are the dates of Debussy?

Answer 88

1862-1918

Question 89

When did Schoenberg die?

Answer 89

1950

Question 90

When did Stravinsky die?

Answer 90

1970

Question 91

What are the dates of Aaron Copland?

Answer 91

1900-1990

Question 92

What are the dates of Edgard Varese?

Answer 92

1883-1965

Question 93

What are the dates of Ellen Taaffe Zwillich?

Answer 93

1939-still living

Question 94

Who did "Impression: Sunrise" and when did they do it?

Answer 94

Monet (1874)-Exhibition

Question 95

Who wrote "Pictures at an Exhibition" and when did he write it?

Answer 95

Mussorgsky (Orchestrated by Ravel 1918)

Question 96

What are the dates of Schubert?

Answer 96

1797-1828

Question 97

What are the dates of Chopin?

Answer 97

1810-1849