Muskuloskeletal Disorders Flashcards
(55 cards)
-what is Developmental Dysplasia of Hip
- s/s in newborn vs older childres
- hip instability after birth; usually associated with breech delivery
- assymetry and unequal number of skin fold on posterior thighs/glutes
- older child: limp, leg discrepancy
diagnostic evaluation for DDH
Ortolani and Barlow Test
ortolani- outward (abduction)
barlow- inward (adduction)
Ultrasound prior to 4 months of age
X ray after 4-6 months
populations at risk for Developmental Hip Dysplasia
female, history of DDH, oligohydramnios, high birth weight, firstborn
Pavlic Karness vs. casting for Dysplasia of hip
pavlic: prevents hip flextion and adduction
- skin care is important
- cothing and diaper should be under the straps
cast: for 12 weeks
what is the treatment for developmental dysplacia of hip in infants under 6 months
Pavlic Harness
- >6 months need surgery
how is Osteogenesis Imperfecta inherited
Autosomal dominant inherited disorder
what does osteogenesis imperfecta cause in the body
and what are s/s
extremely brittle bones, fractures, and bone deformities
s/s: BLUE sclerae, hearing loss, discolored teeth
how is osteogenesis imperfecta diagnosed and how is it treated
bone biopsy
-biphosphates, physical therapy, braces and splints,
what is congenital club foot
deformity of ankle and foot, involves bone and soft tissue contracture
how is congenital clubfoot diagnosed
diagnosed prenatally
symptoms of congenital clubfoot
affected foot is smaller,limb shorter, calf atrophy
what other disease can co-occur with congenital clubfoot
cerebral palsy, spina bifida, chromosomal defects
what populations is more likely to get congenital clubfoot
boys are affected 2x as often
how is congenital club foot diagnosed and treated
-physical exam
- serial casting until corrected
- if does not help by 3 months then surgery between 6-12 months of age
-abduction bracing at night for 3-5 years
an infant born with unilateral congenital clubfoot is at higher risk of having…..
chromosomal defects
scoliosis screening
Adam’s bend test: asymmetry of should height, scapular, or flank shape, or hip height
Standing radiographs to determine degree of curvature
therapeutic management for scoliosis
exercise, bracing, surgical intervention for severe curvature
what percent does a scoliosis curvature need to be to be considered severe and need surgical intervent.
over 25 degrees
what is Legg-Calve-Perthes
avascular necrosis of femoral head
clinical manifestations of Legg-Calve
delayed bone age, painless limp, stiffness of hip, decreased ROM, hip/thigh/knee pain, shortening ofleg affected
how do you test bone age
left wrist x-ray starting at age 3
diagnostic measure for Legg-Calve
XRAY, MRI
Treatment for Legg-Calve
initially-rest, limited weight bearing to reduce inflammation, traction to stretch the tight adductor muscles
meds- NSAIDS, PT, ROM exercises
what population ismorelikely to be affected by Legg-Calve
boys age 4-8
