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Religious Education > Muslim Practices > Flashcards

Muslim Practices Flashcards

1
Q

shahadah

A

-first pillar of islam
-statement of faith
-to make a declaration of your faith in Allah and the truth of the Qur’an
-whispered into ears of new born babies do first thing they hear
-decided during salad
-repeated when converting to islam
-said to demonstrate commitment to islam

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2
Q

ablution / wudu

A

washing before prayer

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3
Q

Rak’ahs

A

the combination of words & actions during prayer

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4
Q

jummah

A

friday prayer

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5
Q

salah

A

-second pillar of islam
-prayer (5 times a day)
-making allah a constant part of your life

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6
Q

zakah

A

-third pillar of islam
-the giving of charity (2.5%)
-to remember the needs of others and have gratitude to Allah for what you have done

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7
Q

sawm

A

-fourth pillar of islam
-fasting during ramadan
-to show willingness to suffer for your faith and prove dedication to Allah
-remembering night of power
-brings focus solely on islam

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8
Q

hajj

A

-fifth pillar of islam
-the pilgrimage to mecca
-to recall journey of muhammad and the history of your faith
-birthplace of Muhammad
-‘heart’ of islam

importance:
-feel closer to god
-strengthened faith
-forgiveness of sins

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9
Q

what are the 5 pillars of islam?

A

-shahadah
-salah
-zakah
-sawm
-hajj

acronym: she said zebras swim, huh?

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10
Q

acronym for 5 pillars of islam

A

she says zebras swim, huh?

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11
Q

what are the 10 obligatory acts? (sh’ia islam)

A

-salah = prayer

-sawm = fasting ramadan

-zakat = charity

-khums = an annual taxation of 1/5 of gains that a year has been on without using. paid to imams (indirectly to poor & needy)

-hajj = pilgrimage to mecca

-jihad = external & internal struggle to protect a good muslim way of life.

-enjoining good = encouraging others to be good and being a good example

-forbidding wrong = openly challenging negative behavior and being a good role model

-tawalla = expressing love towards those who do good

-tabbara = expressing disassociation and hatred towards those who commit evil

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12
Q

what’s khums?

A

annual taxation of 1/5 to imams (indirectly to poor & needy)

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13
Q

what’s enjoining good?

A

encouraging others to be good and being a good example

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14
Q

what’s forbidding wrong?

A

openly challenging negative behaviour and being a good role model

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15
Q

what’s tawalla?

A

expressing love towards those who do good

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16
Q

what’s tabarra?

A

expressing dissociation & hatred towards those who commit evil

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17
Q

quote in shahadah

A

‘there is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his messenger’ (the shahadah)
-> islam is monotheistic
->whilst prophets & Muhammad should be respected, they are not to be worshiped

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18
Q

who has to pay zakah/zakat?

A

only muslims who can afford it

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19
Q

what is zakah/t for?

A

-homeless
-islamic education & resources
-repairing mosques
-islamic relief
-muslim aid

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20
Q

what’s khums in shia islam?

A

-1/5 of shia muslims wealth given to help whole community
-half money collected as khums goes to shia religious leaders, rest to charity

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21
Q

what is ramadan in the month of?

A

the night of power

22
Q

what do muslims do during sawm (ramadan)?

A

-recite whole of Qur’an in daily sections over 30 days
-focus on sawm, charity & pleasing god
-fast during daylight hours for whole month
-smoking & sex forbidden
-purity
-last 10 nights of ramadan = muslims stay all night in mosque to remember first revelation of the Qur’an
-try and stay awake during night of glory/power

23
Q

quote about ramadan

A

‘everyone who is present during that month should spend it fasting’ (Qur’an 2:185)

24
Q

quote about night of power/glory

A

‘the night of glory is better than a thousand months’ (Qur’an 97:2-3)

25
Q

what ideas does the shahadah reinforce?

A

-that shirk is the greatest sin a muslim can commit
-islam in monotheistic
-muhammad is the most important prophet
-quran should be trusted as word of allah

26
Q

how many times do sunni muslims pray a day?

A

5, each at different times:

-dawn
-afternoon
-late afternoon
-dusk
-night

27
Q

how many times do shi’a muslims pray a day?

A

5, at 3 different times

-dawn
-afternoon & late afternoon together
-dusk & night together

28
Q

why is jummah (friday prayer) important?

A

-different from daily prayer
-only day sermon is given (talk by imam)
-during jummah you can give to charity = one of 5 pillars of islam
-> important to ALL muslims

29
Q

2 things muslims do to prepare for salah?

A

-wash body (wudu)
-establish niyyah
-face mat to Mekka

30
Q

process of salah?

A

-declare niyyah, say ‘allahu akbar’

-recite al-fatiha & thank god

-bow and say ‘glory be to my great lord and praise be to him’

-recite ‘allahu akbar’

-forehead, nose, hands, knees & toes all on ground -> commitment to god

-on knees recognising angels in shoulders: rak’ah repeated 2 or 4 times

31
Q

when does Haij take place?

A

8-12 of last month of islamic calendar

32
Q

backstory of Hajj

A

-Abraham was ordered by God to leave his wife Hajar and his son Ishmael alone in the desert of ancient Mecca
-Allah told Abraham to build shrine for him: Ka’aba
= place for Hajj

33
Q

what happens at Hajj?

(bold ones are key)

A
  1. wearing white clothes / plain clothes = remind muslims of equality
  2. circle Ka’aba = reminds Muslims Allah in centre of life
  3. drink water from Zamzam well = reminds how Allah provided water for Hajira & Ismael
  4. Walking between hills (safa & marwah) = reminds muslims of Hajira & that allah will save those faithful
  5. Mount Arfat = reminds muslims of unity (where Adam & Hawaa reunited)
  6. camping at Muzdalifah = reminds muslims of Ummah
  7. throwing pebbles at 3 pillars = symbolises rejection of evil
  8. Eid ul Adha = animals sacrificed (Ibrahims faith)
  9. travel to Madinah = respect to Muhammad who’s buried there
  10. return to Makkah (completed hajj)
34
Q

what’s greater (inner) jihad?

A

personal, individual struggle to follow way of allah & avoid/defeat evil

35
Q

what’s lesser (outer) jihad?

A

struggle against evil in wider sense, can include fighting to protect/defend islam

36
Q

example of greater (inner) jihad?

A

avoiding haram items such as alcohol & drugs

37
Q

example of lesser (outer) jihad?

A

fighting in holy war to defend islam if innocent muslims are being attacked

38
Q

quote about jihad

A

“the greatest jihad is to battle your own soul, to battle the evil within yourself” (The Prophet Muhammad in the Hadith)

39
Q

3 conditions of holy war in Islam?

A

-you are stopped from freely practicing your religion

-all peaceful methods of trying to settle the dispute have been tried but failed

-in defence not attack

40
Q

quote about holy war

A

“fight in the cause of God against those who fight you, but do not transgress limits” (Qur’an 2:19)

41
Q

backstory of Eid al-Adha?

A

-The Feast of Sacrifice originates from the historic event when Prophet Abraham was commanded by God in a dream vision to sacrifice his son, Ishmail.
-Abraham followed through but it turns out it was a ram which he slaughtered
-he passed Allahs test

42
Q

how is the lamb split once sacrificed during Eid al-Adha?

A

1/3 = relatives
1/3 = friends/neighbours
1/3 = poor

43
Q

what’s Eid Al-Fitr

A

-breaking fast at end of holy month of ramadan
-celebrated 1-3 days
-gather in mosques to pray
-imams sermon given (telling muslims they should forgive & forget any disputes which happened during the year)
-muslims pay Zakat (additional tax to poor)

44
Q

common practices taken olace during Eid al-Fitr?

A

-best clothes worn
-homes decorated
-special foods eaten
-presents
-women decorate hands w henna
-cemeteries visited

45
Q

what is ashura?

A

a solemn day of mourning the martyrdom of Husayn in 680 AD at Karbala in modern-day Iraq

46
Q

what do muslims do on ashura?

A

-wear black
-plays performed to remind muslims of events that led to Husayns death
-retelling of story/recite prayers
-> public expression of grief & mourning
-some flagellate (self harm) to connect w Husayns death & suffering
-pilgrimage to tomb of Husayn
-show kindness to poor
-moques often provide free food for people during 10 day mourning period

47
Q

alternatively how do sunni muslims observe ashura?

A

-refer to it as Day of Atonement
-remembering when Israelites freed from slavery in Egypt
-some believe that traditionally Ashura remembers the day Noah left the ark after the flood
-believe sins are forgiven in day of Ashura if they repent

48
Q

things muslims would do on the night of glory/power?

A

-read Qu’ran
-performing prayer
-giving zakat

49
Q

things a muslim might do for jummah?

A

-ritual washing
-listen to sermon
-jummah prayer

50
Q

quote about how mosques are important?

A

‘a believer in a mosque is like a fish in water’ (Malik ibn Dinar)

51
Q

Du’a

A

personal prayer

52
Q

quote about importance of prayer

A

‘prayer is better than sleep’ (hadith)

Religious Education (10 decks)

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