Mussolini's rule Flashcards
which party was absorbed by the fascists in 1923?
ANI
how did M gain the trust of the catholics soon after becoming PM?
he increased clerical pay
reinstated crucifixes in schools
how did the absorption of the ANI and winning over the Vatican increase M’s power?
PNF only nationalist party left
more catholic votes that would have otherwise gone to other parties
—> more votes in 1924 election = power being legitimate, prevents coalition
what did leading liberals do during the 1924 election and what was the effect?
joined the fascist electoral list
made the PNF seem less radical
shows M is willing to compromise
liberals seen as weak
who was murdered mid 1924?
Matteotti
how did anti-fascist politicians respond to the murder and why did this increase M’s power?
100 deputies left parliament and formed the aventine secession
destroyed chance of winning a vote of no confidence
larger majority = easier passing of legislation
when and what was the Fascist Grand Council?
dec 1922
discussed policy and elevated fascist leadership to same position as the cabinet
what was the MVSN and when was it created?
jan 1923
absorbed the squads and formalised their role as a party based paramilitary force, diluting their power
what and when was the Acerbo law?
nov 1923
2/3 of seats would go to the party with more than 25% of the vote
how did pass the acerbo law?
violence and intimidation i.e. demonstrations in tuscany
M said it would give a strong long lasting gov to stabalise italy
why did M face a crisis during the winter?
army wanted:
PNf to cease all forms of violence
remove members who refused to follow M’s order
make officers of MSVN swear oath of loyalty to the kind and M
confirm the MSVN officers would be ex-army regulars
