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My Flash Cards > My Ct Flash Cards > Flashcards

My Ct Flash Cards

1
Q

Which of the following terms is not an indication for imaging of the renal arteries

  • aneurysms
  • stenosis
  • kidney transplant
  • cysts
A

Cysts

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2
Q

Hypertrophy of the facet of a vertebra is known as

A

Spondylosis

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3
Q

The total measurement of radiation that has traveled through a pt and falls on a single detector is called

A

Ray sum

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4
Q

———— describes a set of rules or directions for getting a specific output from a specific input

A

Algorithm

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5
Q

Whole body dose from a partial body exposure is quantified by

A

Effective dose

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6
Q

———- takes into consideration the variations in density of the object

A

CTDIw

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7
Q

The medium used to measure the light that is emitted from the scintillation crystal is called

A

Photodiode

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8
Q

Transmission of data to the computer is completed by the

A

DAS

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9
Q

——— occurs when multiple types of tissue are represented by a single voxel

A

Partial volume averaging

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10
Q

——- digitally represents a quantity of scanned pt tissue

A

Voxel

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11
Q

Pitch does not effect

A

Amount of gap or overlap between slices

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12
Q

——— is a measure of blood coagulation

A

PT

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13
Q

Prothrombin time (PT)

A

12-15 seconds

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14
Q

——- have the same osmolality as blood

A

IOCM—-

iso-osculatory contrast media

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15
Q

Ct number for muscle

A

50

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16
Q

—- describes the amount of X-ray energy absorbed in a unit of mass

A

Absorbed dose

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17
Q

—— accounts for the type of tissue that the radiation is deposited in

A

Effective dose

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18
Q

—— approximates the relative risk from exposure to ionizing radiation

A

Effective dose

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19
Q

—- is an estimation of the whole body dose equivalent that results form the partial body exposure the pt receives during a duct procedure

A

Effective dose

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20
Q

——- is the term used to describe the ability of xrays to ionize a volume of air

A

Exposure

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21
Q

Exposure is measured in ——-

A

Roentgens

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22
Q

—— is a graphical representation of a ct systems response to a spatial frequency

A

MTF

Modulation transfer function

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24
Q

How many different grayscale values can an image have

A

256

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25
Q

The patients raw data allows us to generate ——

A

Retrospective image reconstructions

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26
Q

MTF measures

A

Spatial frequency

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27
Q

A filtered beam that is more homogeneous is less susceptible to artifacts from a process know as —-

A

Beam hardening

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28
Q

A pitch of —- reduces the table speed for each gantry revolution and can increase image quality

A

Less than one

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29
Q

Ct number for dense bone

A

3000

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30
Q

White matter ct number

A

45

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31
Q

——- is a measure of the size of the smallest object of the smallest object that can be visualized in an image

A

Spatial resolution

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32
Q

The transverse plane is

A

Perpendicular to the direction of z axis

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33
Q

How does contrast flow through the heart

A

R atrium
R ventricle
L atrium
L ventricle

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34
Q

—- does not affect the image contrast or resolution

A

MAS

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35
Q

To calculate CTDI the acquisition must be

A

Contiguous

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36
Q

Filtered back projection uses what type of filter to remove the blurring that occurs with back projection

A

Convolution

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37
Q

Ct pet is utilized to measure the uptake of ————

A

FDG

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38
Q

Image acquisition in a ct pancreas exam typically occurs after ——

A

35-45 seconds

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39
Q

The area of the pt that is exposed to radiation is know as

A

Dose profile

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40
Q

The mathematical process used to create an image in which attenuation data are projected onto a matrix is known as

A

Back projection

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41
Q

The nephrographic phase of contrast enhancement occurs after which of the following

A

70-90 seconds

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42
Q

Spatial resolution within the x and y directions is known as

A

In plane resolution

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43
Q

Which of the following helps to determine the slice thickness of an image

A

Precollimater

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44
Q

Which of the following algorithms reduce image noise when using lower exposures while also preserving image quality

A

Interactive reconstruction

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44
Q

The solid state detector used in modern ct scanners is a

A

Scintillation detector

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45
Q

The connective tissue that surrounds the kidneys is the

A

Gerota’s fascia

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46
Q

In MSCT the number of slices acquired and the thickness of the slices is determined by the

A

Detector configuration

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47
Q

An infection acquired in the hospital is know as

A

Nosocomial

48
Q

The liver receives 75 % of its blood from the portal vein and 25% from the

A

Hepatic artery

49
Q

In order to obtain sufficient iodine opacification during a ct examination which of the following concentrations much be present

A

2-8 mg/ml

50
Q

INR is used to standardize which of the following

A

Prothrombin time

51
Q

The major and minor calyces make up the

A

Renal pelvis

52
Q

A ct image has a window level of 300 and a width of 600 which of the following is correct

A

The ct number will range between 0 and +600

53
Q

The smallest possible slice thickness is determined by the

A

Smallest single detector channel

54
Q

Gas ionization detectors are primarily used in

A

3rd generation ct scanners

55
Q

What is stenosis

A

Narrowing

56
Q

At which level does the sma typically originate

A

L1

57
Q

Perenteral administration is any ———- method of administration

A

Non oral

58
Q

The utilization of half-scan reconstruction can improve

A

Temporal resolution

59
Q

When an upper vertebral body slips over a lower vertebral body this is

A

Spondylolisthesis

60
Q

Which of the following is measured in millisievert

  • absorbed dose
  • exposure
  • effective dose
  • curie
A

Effective

61
Q

Cardiac diastole corresponds to which of the following

A

T wave

62
Q

Which of the following is most likely to require images of less than 1mm in thickness

A

High res chest

63
Q

-
-

A

Renal pelvis
Ureters
Bladder
(3 min post admin of iv contrast)

64
Q

During a ct urinary track exam puts may be imaged in the prone position to better

A

Differentiate strokes within the urinary tract

65
Q

True/false

Ct lung nodule is performed with a reduced technique

A

True

66
Q

Absorbed dose is reported in

A

Milligray

67
Q

Which of the following may result in misregistration of pt info

A

Motion

68
Q

Windowing of a ct image controls

A

Contrast and brightness

69
Q

Iohexol is a —- contrast material

A

Non ionic

70
Q

The ability of the ct scanner to show small objects that are close together

A

Spatial resolution

71
Q

——- is a measure of noise in an image

A

Standard deviation

72
Q

DLP and CTDI are displayed on CT dose reports

A
73
Q

Claudication maybe a clinical indication for

A

CTA runoff

74
Q

The adnexa of the uterus is made up of the

A

Ovaries and fallopian tubes

75
Q

——- is most likely to be used during a ct enterography exam

A

Neutral oral contrast

76
Q

—— transmit acquisition data to the computer

A

DAS

77
Q

ASSIGNING A VALUE TO THE ATtenuation signal that is created by the detector is know as

A

Linear attenuation coefficient

78
Q

As it relates to the detectors stability is ——

A

The steadiness of the detectors response to the xrays

79
Q

Directing electrons to tow different areas on the focal spot is referred to as

A

Flying focal spot

80
Q

Which factor related to spatial resolution requires a 2x sample of the object, compared to the spatial frequency

A

Sampling

81
Q

FWHM is a measure of

A

Effective section width

82
Q

—— is the quantity of blood that moves within 100g of brain tissue in a min

A

Cerebral blood flow

83
Q

At which vertebral level does the spinal cord end

A

L1-L2

84
Q

When calculating dlp what relationship does scan length have with dose

A

It is proportional

85
Q

——- is the total amount of exposure for an exam

A

DLP

86
Q

Of the following which has a direct effect on pt dose

  • window width
  • mas
  • matric
  • DFOV
A

MAS

87
Q

Increasing radiation dose to overcome the penumbra at the edge of the detectors is know as

A

Overbeaming

88
Q

Which axis indicated width

A

X Axis

89
Q

Gantry rotation affects ——- resolution

A

Temporal

90
Q

Multi-segmont reconstruction has a direct impact on which of the following

A

Temporal resolution

91
Q

Which is a non ionic contrast material

A

Iohexol

92
Q

The term used to describe a filtration algorithm that removes blurring in an image during back-projection is

A

Convolution

93
Q

The utilization of half-scan reconstruction can improve which of the following

A

Temporal resolution

94
Q

Which of the following is not required to be included in the structured dose report

A

DFOV

95
Q

The number of data channels active and the effective section thickness is know as

A

Detector configuration

96
Q

Voxels that form a perfect cube are referred to as

A

Isotropic

97
Q

MinIP is used to display

A

The minimum attenuation within a voxel

98
Q

The mathematical process that uses data points above and below a slice to reconstruct an image is know as

A

Interpolation

99
Q

The circle of Willis

  • RL anterior cervbral arteries
  • anterior communicating art
  • RL internal cor art
  • RL posterior cerebral arteries
  • RL posterior communicating arteries
A
100
Q

—— uses a convolution filter to remove blurring that occurs with back projection

A

Filtered back projection

101
Q

What type of viewing allows for the review of large amounts of images quickly and in a continuous loop

A

CINE

102
Q

The X-ray beam utilized in MDCT is know as

A

CONE BEAM

103
Q

—— is used to describe the rate that photons pass through an area in a set amount of time

A

Photon flux

104
Q

Images areas that contain objects with high variations in densities will have

A

High spatial frequency

105
Q

—— can reduce image noise which helps improve the quality of the image while also reducing pt dose

A

Iterative reconstruction

106
Q

What imaging plane is parallel to the metatarsals of the foot

A

Obli

107
Q

Which imaging plane is parallel to the metatarsals of the foot

A

The oblique axial

108
Q

——- will impact the volume of a voxel when adjustments are made

A

MPR

109
Q

Transmission of data to the computer is completed by the

A

DAS

110
Q

Which of the following does CTDI measure

A

The dose received in a single slive

111
Q

Conversion of data into digital values is completed by the

A

ADC

112
Q

——- is used to approximate the radiation dose for each section obtained during a helical scan

A

CTDI vol

113
Q

Normal bun levels

A

7-20

114
Q

Low oxygen level in the blood

A

Hypoxemia

115
Q

Arterial systole corresponds to

A

P wave

My Flash Cards (2 decks)

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