Mycobacterium 2

Question 1

What’s the difference between paucibacillary and multibacillary leperosy?

Answer 1

Pauci- few AFB

Multi- no cell mediated response, severe dz with numerous AFB

Question 2

Mycobacterium lepraemurium
Hosts
Lesions
Culture

Answer 2

Hosts: Feline and Murine
Solitary/Multiple cutaneous nodules/ulcerated lesions and granulomatous dermatitis panniculitis
Hard to culture, very fastidious organism

Question 3

Dx for M. lepraemurium? Ho to the organisms appear?

Answer 3

Direct staining, geimsa or acid fast

In geimsa or gram stain negative stained bacilli

Question 4

Tx for M. leprae and M. laepraemurium?

Answer 4

sx excision
combination therapy- rifampin, clarithromycin, clofazimine
long term therapy
dogs- doxycycline

Question 5

Host response to saprophytic mycobacterial spp?

Answer 5

Granulomatous-pyogranulomatous

Chronic non healing cutaneous lesions (panniculitis, cutaneous ulcers) and lack of response to common antibacterial tx

Question 6

What causes Johne’s Dz in ruminants?

Answer 6

M. avium subsp paratuberculosis

Question 7

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) can be found where in the enviroment?

Answer 7

Widespread in soil and water, including municipal tap water

Question 8

Symptoms of Johne’s Dz and primary hosts

Answer 8

Symptoms: chronic, progressive granulomatous enteritis, diarrhea and weight loss
Primary hosts: cattle

Question 9

Dx of Johne’s Dz

Answer 9

Direct fecal culture on Herrold’s egg yolk medium
Mycobactin dependency is used for differentiation from other species
biopsy from ileal cecal region + culture/PCR
PCR target insertion sequence IS900

Question 10

Control for Johne’s Dz

Answer 10

1. Dx and removal of infected animal

2. Management programs to reduce contamination and infection

Question 11

When is Johne’s ELISA used? How can you get false negatives from it?

Answer 11

Its used in cattle herds to detect humoral response to MAP

Has low sensitivity in early stages, false negatives in advanced stages (anergy)

Question 12

Tx/Control

Answer 12

Cull and separate

Antimicrobials or vx not really recommended

Question 13

Mycobacterium leprae
Dzs
Describe the lesions
Transmission
Reservoir 
Can it be cultured?

Answer 13

Dz: Leporasy or Hansen's dz
Lesions: chronic granulomas and anesthetic skin lesions due to peripheral neuropathy and nerve thickening 
Transmission: shedding through nose
Reservoir: nine banded armadillo
Can't be cultured in vitro