mycoexams Flashcards
(100 cards)
1
Q
Common cold is caused by
a. Mumps virus
b. Influenza virus
c. parainfluenza virus
d. measles virus
A
parainfluenza virus
2
Q
Which can determine the viral load in a COVID-19 patient?
a. electron microcopy
b. in-situ hybridization
c. Real-time PCR
d. FISH
A
Real-time PCR
3
Q
The primary infection of HSV-1 infection is seen as
a. Vesicles
b. Macules
c. Papules
d. All of the above.
A
Vesicles
4
Q
Koplik spots are seen in infection by
a. mumps virus
b. rubella virus
c. Measles virus
d. parainfluenza virus
A
Measles virus
5
Q
Which is true about collection, handling and transport of clinical specimen for
diagnosis of viral disease?
a. The tentative diagnosis of the requesting physician is important to the
laboratory.
b. Tissue samples must be transported in sodium hydroxide solution.
c. The identity of the patient should not be given for data privacy
purposes
d. Specimen is best obtained at the second week of illness
A
The tentative diagnosis of the requesting physician is important to the laboratory.
6
Q
Each of the following viruses possess double-stranded DNA as its genome
EXCEPT
a. Measles virus
b. Smallpox virus
c. Epstein-Barr virus
d. Chickenpox virus
A
Measles virus
7
Q
Which of the following is implicated together with EBV as a cause infectious
mononucleosis?
a. CMV
b. HSV-1
c. Variola virus
d. VZV
A
CMV
8
Q
Which antibody, when present in the serum of a newborn, indicates transfer
of maternal antibody and is protective?
a. IgG
b. IgE
c. IgM
d. IgA
A
a. IgG
9
Q
Which of the following can be seen under the light microscope?
a. viral antibody
b. CPE on infected cells
c. Viral particle
d. viral antigen
A
CPE on infected cells
10
Q
Which is derived from embryonic tissues?
a. secondary cell culture
b. continuous cell culture
c. Primary cell culture
d. Shell vial culture
A
secondary cell culture
11
Q
Pandemics and epidemics of influenza are associated with one of the following
a. genetic reassortment
b. antigenic drift
c. spread by mosquito vectors \
d. changes in RNP
A
a. genetic reassortment
12
Q
The last known case of smallpox was seen in
a. 1975
b. 1979
c. 1977
d. 1960
A
1977
13
Q
Which should NOT be used to obtain swabs for viral diagnosis?
a. Cotton
b. Ca alginate
c. Nylon
d. Dacron
A
Ca alginate
14
Q
Which has the H and N antigens on separate glycoprotein spikes?
a. parainfluenza virus
b. Mumps virus
c. Influenza virus
d. Measles virus
A
Influenza virus
15
Q
Detection of specific antibodies against EBV uses
a. Viral capsid Ag (VCA)
b. Vesicular fluid
c. Horse RBC
d. Sheep RBC
A
Viral capsid Ag (VCA)
16
Q
Which has the LEAST life span?
a. semi-continuous cell culture
b. primary cell culture
c. continuous cell line
d. diploid cell line
A
primary cell culture
17
Q
Which is transmissible through the placental barrier?
a. rubella virus
b. mumps virus
c. Measles virus
d. parainfluenza virus
A
rubella virus
18
Q
The following have available vaccine in the form of live attenuated virus
EXCEPT
a. Measles
b. rubella
c. RSV
d. mumps
A
RSV
19
Q
Based on its structure, which family of viruses is most likely transmitted by
organ transplant or blood transfusion?
a. Picornaviridae
b. Papillomaviridae
c. Retroviridae
d. Parvoviridae
A
Retroviridae
20
Q
To visualize the morphology of influenza virus, which is the best microscope
to use?
a. fluorescent
b. electron
c. Light
d. phase contrast
A
electron
21
Q
Which has complex symmetry?
a. Orthomyxovirus
b. EBV
c. VZV
d. Smallpox virus
A
Smallpox virus
22
Q
Paul Bunnel test will diagnose
a. VZV infection
b. EBV infection
c. CMV infection
d. Smallpox infection
A
EBV infection
23
Q
What is the most important requirement for a virus to multiply in culture?
a. blood
b. cells
c. a protein
d. DNA polymerase
A
cells
24
Q
Which step in viral multiplication involves fusion of viral envelope to the host
cell membrane?
a. uncoating
b. release
c. penetration
d. Adsorption
A
penetration
25
Viruses that do not exhibit CPE in cell culture may be detected by
a. appearance of vacuoles in cells
b. appearance of syncytia
c. hemagglutination
d. Hemolysis
hemagglutination
26
A young female presents with large pustules over her face, arms, and palms.
All pustules were about the same size and at about the same developmental
stage. Tests for varicella and herpes simplex were negative. Examination of
exfoliated cells in the pustules would show
a. Multinucleated cells with owl s eye inclusions
b. Multinucleated cells with cytoplasmic inclusions
c. Cells with both nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions
d. Multinucleated cells with nuclear inclusions
Multinucleated cells with cytoplasmic inclusions
27
DNA probes are
a. used to detect viral antigens
b. used to prime DNA synthesis in PCR
c. metallic tips connected to a machine and are moved to locate the
presence of any DNA
d. known sequence of DNA that is complementary to target DNA
known sequence of DNA that is complementary to
target DNA
28
The most rapid definitive method of diagnosis of a genital herpes simplex
infection in a 20-year old man is
a. Direct immunofluorescence test for viral antigen in vesicle fluid.
b. Titer of serum or seminal fluid for antibodies to herpes simplex
c. Detection of anti-herpes simplex antibody in seminal fluid
d. Cell culture of vesicle fluid
Direct immunofluorescence test for viral antigen in vesicle fluid
29
Which uses its genome as mRNA?
a. Orthomyxoviridae
b. Hepadnaviridae
c. Filoviridae
d. Picornaviridae
Picornaviridae
30
Which is LEAST accurate concerning herpes simplex?
a. Cold sores are recurrences of genital herpes
b. Herpetic whitlow may be caused by HSV-2
c. HSV-1 more occurs in young children than in adults
d. Immunodeficiency state triggers reactivation of latent infections
Cold sores are recurrences of genital herpes
31
Which multiplies in the nucleus?
a. Picornaviridae
b. Filoviridae
c. Rhabdoviridae
d. Herpesviridae
Herpesviridae
32
Which of the following will NOT support the growth of viruses in culture?
a. organ culture
b. enriched agar medium
c. Animals
d. chick embryo
enriched agar medium
33
The presence of virus growth in culture is indicated by the appearance of
a. Colonies
b. ballooning of cells
c. Growth in 24 hours
d. all of the above
b. ballooning of cells
34
To detect HSV antigen directly in cells of a vesicular lesion, which would you
use?
a. Isolation using shell vial culture
b. ELISA
c. immunofluorescence technique
d. PCR
immunofluorescence technique
35
Which has ds-RNA?
a. Reoviridae
b. Parvoviridae
c. Bunyaviridae
d. Retroviridae
Reoviridae
36
Guarnieri bodies are seen in infections caused by
a. Variola virus
b. VZV
c. HSV-1
d. HSV-2
Variola virus
37
Burkitts lymphoma is caused by
a. EBV
b. HSV-2
c. Measles virus
d. CMV
EBV
38
A young female presents with large pustules over her face, arms, and palms.
All pustules were about the same size and at about the same developmental
stage. Tests for varicella and herpes simplex were negative. The physical
characteristics of the causative virus consists of
a. ds-RNA, helical, in segments and no envelope
b. ds-DNA, icosahedral, with envelope
c. ss-DNA and no envelope
d. ds-DNA, complex, with envelope
ds-DNA, complex, with envelope
39
Which infects the salivary glands, testes, ovary, pancreas and meninges?
a. rubella virus
b. mumps virus
c. parainfluenza virus
d. Measles virus
mumps virus
40
At which step of viral multiplication does a virus acquire its envelope?
a. Penetration
b. Synthetic phase
c. release
d. assembly
release
41
Which is the most sensitive method for detection of virus in clinical
specimens?
a. PCR
b. Immunofluorescence
c. dot blot
d. culture
PCR
42
A 36-year-old auto mechanic has several small lesions on the foreskin of his
penis. Fluid taken from one lesion was stained with Papanicolaou stain. What
type of inclusion bodies will most likely be seen?
a. Guarnieri bodies
b. Owl s eye inclusion bodies
c. Cowdry Type A bodies
d. Negri bodies
Cowdry Type A bodies
43
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) cannot be isolated in cell culture. Which will LEAST lead
to a specific diagnosis?
a. presence of CPE on shell vial
b. detection of HBV antigen in specimen
c. Detection of HBV genome in blood
d. detection of HBV antibody in the serum
presence of CPE on shell vial
44
Culture of CMV is done on
a. HeLa cells
b. Human diploid fibroblasts
c. Madin-Darby canine kidney cells
d. Primary monkey kidney cells
Human diploid fibroblasts
45
To detect the presence of Adenovirus genome in a specimen, which
technique will you use?
a. shell vial culture
b. Dot blot
c. ELISA
d. Immunofluorescence
Dot blot
46
Which multiplies in the cytoplasm?
a. Retroviridae
b. Poxviridae
c. Hepadnaviridae
d. Adenoviridae
Poxviridae
47
Owl s eye inclusion bodies are seen in infections caused by
a. Smallpox virus
b. HSV-1
c. VZV
d. CMV
CMV
48
Which of the following has a positive ss-RNA genome?
a. Flaviviridae
b. Arenaviridae
c. Rhabdoviridae
d. Paramyxoviridae
Flaviviridae
49
Alastrim is described as
a. a sexually transmitted poxvirus
b. an infection derived from cows
c. mild form of smallpox
d. caused by vaccinia virus
mild form of smallpox
50
Which type of antibody indicates that the newborn has congenital infection
by German measles virus?
a. IgD
b. IgA
c. IgG
d. IgM
IgM
51
Which is NOT associated with parainfluenza virus?
a. Common cold
b. orchitis
c. croup
d. pneumonitis
orchitis
52
Example of primary cell culture
a. Monkey kidney cell culture
b. HeLa cell culture
c. Hep2 cell culture
d. human embryonic kidney cell culture
Monkey kidney cell culture
53
Togaviridae is characterized by
a. +ss-RNA icosahedral, enveloped
b. -ss-RNA icosahedral naked
c. +ss-RNA helical naked
d. -ss-RNA helical enveloped
+ss-RNA icosahedral, enveloped
54
Which of the following is preventable by the use of live attenuated virus
vaccine?
a. HSV-2
b. VZV
c. HSV-1
d. CMV
VZV
55
Antigenic shift in influenza virus occurs due to
a. genetic reassortment of segmented genome
b. transmission of human virus to birds
c. Mutation of the H protein
d. Mutation of the N protein
genetic reassortment of segmented genome
56
Which has naked nucleocapsid??
a. Flaviviridae
b. Paramyxoviridae
c. Hepadnaviridae
d. Adenoviridae
Adenoviridae
57
In aseptic meningitis, which clinical specimen must be collected for possible
isolation of the viral agent?
a. sputum
b. CSF
c. throat swab
d. Stool
CSF
58
Which frequently undergoes mutation?
a. Measles virus
b. influenza virus
c. parainfluenza virus
d. mumps virus
influenza virus
59
Which of the following causes proliferation of several clones of B cells, making the antibodies produced to be non-specific?
a. HHV-6
b. HHV-8
c. CMV
d. HHV-7
CMV
60
Inflammation of the parotid glands is caused by
a. measles virus
b. influenza virus
c. mumps virus
d. rubella virus
mumps virus
61
Which virus that causes infection in pregnant women would causes
congenital abnormalities including mental retardation, blindness,
microcephaly, and hearing impairment?
a. VZV
b. HSV-2
c. Variola virus
d. CMV
CMV
62
Which is NOT true about a virus?
a. It can reproduce only inside cells.
b. It uses host biochemical machineries.
c. The envelope is susceptible to drying and destruction in the
environment.
d. It has both DNA and RNA.
It has both DNA and RNA.
63
Vaccinia virus is a derivative of
a. Chickenpox virus
b. Tanapox virus
c. Cowpox virus
d. Smallpox virus
Cowpox virus
64
Has ds-DNA, icosahedral, enveloped
a. Papillomaviridae
b. Herpesviridae
c. Adenoviridae
d. Parvoviridae
Herpesviridae
65
The brain of a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis most likely
contains
a. rubella virus
b. mumps virus
c. Measles virus
d. parainfluenza virus
Measles virus
66
A young father of two children complained of a painful rash on the torso of his body. The children had been diagnosed with chickenpox and confined to their home. The father experienced chickenpox as a child and he knew he did
not have the same rash as his children. What is the likely infection in the
father?
Zoster
67
Which is the correct sequence in virus multiplication cycle?
a. Uncoating, penetration, adsorption, synthesis, assembly, release
b. Adsorption, penetration, uncoating, synthesis, assembly, release
c. Penetration, adsorption, uncoating, assembly, synthesis, release
d. Adsorption, uncoating, penetration, synthesis, assembly, release
Adsorption, penetration, uncoating, synthesis, assembly, release
68
Which of the following is LEAST accurate regarding infections by the members
of Paramyxoviridae
a. RSV is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonitis in
infants
b. Diagnosis of mumps usually requires isolation of the virus
c. Diagnosis of measles is usually based on clinical manifestations
d. Parainfluenza type 1 virus is the most common cause of croup in
young children
Diagnosis of mumps usually requires isolation of the virus
69
Which of the following viruses is relative resistant to adverse environmental
conditions?
a. Coronaviridae
b. Picornaviridae
c. Herpesviridae
d. Orthomyxoviridae
Picornaviridae
70
A blueberry muffin baby is infected with
a. measles virus
b. rubella virus
c. influenza virus
d. mumps virus
rubella virus
71
Which is derived from normal adult tissues?
a. continuous cell culture
b. Semi-continuous cell culture
c. Primary cell culture
d. secondary cell culture
Primary cell culture
72
Which technique is used to detect the presence of influenza virus in culture?
a. hemadsorption test
b. complement fixation
c. Tzank test
d. neutralization test
hemadsorption test
73
Which is the function of hemagglutinin in Orthomyxoviridae?
a. Causes CPE on cell culture
b. Cleaves sialic acid on glycoproteins
c. Causes fusion of cells, forming syncytia
d. Attachment to sialic acid receptors on epithelial cells
Attachment to sialic acid receptors on epithelial cells
74
Antigenic drift occurs by
a. point mutation in RNP antigen
b. point mutation in the H antigen
c. antigenic mixing of two different strains of virus
d. reassortment of the segmented genomes of animal and human
strains of virus
point mutation in the H antigen
75
How long before virus growth can be observed in conventional culture?
a. one week
b. 4 weeks
c. 48 hours
d. 24 hours
4 weeks
76
Which type of influenza virus causes pandemics
a. Type B
b. Type D
c. Type A
d. Type C
Type A
77
Antigenic shift occurs in influenza virus
a. Type D
b. Type A
c. Type B
d. Type C
Type A
78
A neutralization test was done to identify the virus isolated from a case of
aseptic meningitis in a 10-year-old boy. The results were as follows:
(Virus + anti-coxsackie A6) ------> Result: Ballon of cells
(Virus + anti-coxsackie B4) ------> no changes in the cells
(Virus + anti-poliovirus 1) ------> ballooning of cells
Which is the causative agent?
a. Coxsackie A6
b. coxsackie B4
c. poliovirus 1
d. A and C only
poliovirus 1
79
Viral tropism refers to
a. the binding of a virus to a specific antibody
b. the attraction of a WBC towards the site of the virus
c. the ability of a virus to multiply in a cell
d. affinity of a virus to a specific cell type or organ
affinity of a virus to a specific cell type or organ
80
A neutralization test was done to identify the virus isolated from a case of
influenza-like illness in a 12-year old girl. Positive result was obtained using
specific anti-HSV-1 which is seen as
a. presence of hemagglutination
b. presence of CPE
c. absence of CPE
d. absence of hemagglutination
absence of CPE
81
Which is true about shell vial culture?
a. Bottles or petri dishes are used to grow cells
b. CPE is difficult to observe
c. Only one type of cell can be cultured at a time
d. Viruses can be detected within 1 to 2 days by detecting early antigens
Viruses can be detected within 1 to 2 days by detecting early antigens
82
Which of the following statements is LEAST accurate?
a. Enveloped viruses are released from the host cell by budding.
b. Coronavirus is more likely to cause inflammatory reaction than
Picornavirus.
c. Naked viruses are more likely to be transmitted by fomites than
enveloped viruses.
d. Antibody is sufficient to protect an individual from enveloped virus
infection.
Antibody is sufficient to protect an individual from
enveloped virus infection.
83
Number of serotypes of mumps virus
a. 4
b. 2
c. 1
d. 3
1
84
TZANK test is positive in the following infections EXCEPT:
a. VZV
b. CMV
c. HSV-1
d. HSV-2
CMV
85
Which has -ss-RNA, helical, enveloped
a. Paramyxoviridae
b. Picornaviridae
c. Caliciviridae
d. Reoviridae
Paramyxoviridae
86
Which viral component is host-derived?
a. glycoprotein spike
b. capsid
c. RNA polymerase
d. envelope
envelope
87
Example of semi-continuous cell culture
a. human embryonic kidney cell culture
b. Monkey kidney cell culture
c. Hep2 cell culture
d. HeLa cell culture
human embryonic kidney cell culture
88
Which of the has/have reverse transcriptase?
a. Hepadnaviridae
b. Picornaviridae
c. Orthomyxoviridae
d. Herpesviridae
Hepadnaviridae
89
To determine whether a virus has icosahedral or spherical shape, the
technique used should be
a. immunofluorescence
b. dot blot
c. electron microcopy
d. Light microscopy
electron microcopy
90
Heterophile antibodies are able to agglutinate RBC of
a. sheep
b. goat
c. bovine
d. all of the above
all of the above
91
Which of the following would be easily destroyed gastric juice?
a. Adenovirus
b. Picornavirus
c. Calicivirus
d. Orthomyxovirus
Orthomyxovirus
92
Which type of influenza virus infects not only man but also animals
a. Type C
b. Type B
c. Type A
d. Type D
Type A
93
Kaposi s sarcoma, which usually develops among AIDS patients, is caused by
a. HHV-6
b. HHV-2
c. HHV-5
d. HHV-8
HHV-8
94
Antibody against this influenza virus component is protective
a. M protein
b. hemagglutinin
c. ribonucleoprotein
d. neuraminidase
hemagglutinin
95
Which will support the widest range of viruses?
a. continuous cell culture
b. secondary cell culture
c. Semi-continuous cell culture
d. Primary cell culture
Primary cell culture
96
Sacral nerve ganglia are MOST likely the sites of latency of
a. HSV-2
b. VZV
c. EBV
d. HSV-1
HSV-2
97
Rubella virus belongs to the family
a. Poxviridae
b. Flaviviridae
c. Togaviridae
d. Orthomyxoviridae
Togaviridae
98
Several small, pink, wart-like growths are found on the torso, arms and back
of young man. Examination of the lesion proved that the growth is benign.
This infection is most likely
a. Monkeypox
b. Molluscum contagiosum
c. Chickenpox
d. Pseudocowpox
Molluscum contagiosum
99
An enveloped virus attaches to a susceptible cell through its
a. peplomer
b. capsomere
c. capsid
d. glycoprotein spike
glycoprotein spike
100
The smallest animal virus is characterized by
a. ss-DNA, icosahedral, naked
b. ds-DNA, icosahedral, enveloped
c. ds-DNA, icosahedral, naked
d. ss-RNA, icosahedral, naked
ss-DNA, icosahedral, naked
