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Mcrbly nd Pblc Hlth > Mycology > Flashcards

Mycology Flashcards

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1
Q

Study of fungi

A

Mycology

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2
Q

2 Forms

A
  • Molds

* Yeasts

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3
Q

– multicellular
– filamentous (hyphae)
– live at RT- 25C

A

Molds

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4
Q

– unicellular
– nonfilamentous
– live at RT- 37C

A

Yeasts

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5
Q

Characteristics

A
  • Saprophytic
  • Dimorphic
  • Multicellular
  • Plant-like
  • Parasitic
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6
Q

Eat decomposing organic matter

A

Saprophytic

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7
Q

– Some

– Can live as a yeast in the body + molds outside

A

Dimorphic

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8
Q

Except yeats

A

Multicellular

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9
Q

CW: Chitin

A

Plant-like

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10
Q

Can cause disease

A

Parasitic

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11
Q

Morphology

A
  • Hyphae
  • Septae
  • Conidia abd Spores
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12
Q
  • Collective – mycelium

* Tubular structures – filamentous

A

Hyphae

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13
Q

– cross thin walled structures
– inside ye hyphae
– divides the hyphae

A

Septae

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14
Q

Means of asexual reproduction

A

Conidia and Spores

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15
Q

Phyla

A
  • Phylum Glomerulomycota
  • Phylum Ascomycota
  • Phyllum Basidiomycota
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16
Q

– Former: Phylum Zygomycota
– Sexual: Zygospore
– Asexual: Sporangium

A

Phylum Glomerulomycota

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17
Q

– largest Phylum
– Sexual: Ascus (sac) ascopores
– “Sac fungi”
– Asexual: Conida

A

Phylum Ascomycota

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18
Q

– “Club fungi”
– Sexual: Basidiospores
– Asexual: Spores/ Conidia

A

Phylum Basidiomycota

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19
Q

– Study of fungal diseases (mycoses) & associated tx

A

Medical Microbiology

  • Hypersensitivity
  • Mycotoxicosis
  • Mycetisma
  • Fungal Infections
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20
Q

CA: Resporatory allergen/ conida (inhaler)

A

Hypersensitivity

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21
Q

– Ingestion of pre-formed fungal toxin
– Ex: state peanuts — Aflatoxin
wheat — Ergotoxin
– large amount of Aflatoxin — hepatocellular carcinogen

A

Mycotoxicosis

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22
Q

– ingestion of a poisonous fungi

– ex: Amanita phalloides

A

Mycetisma

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23
Q

Fungal infections

A
  • Superficial Mycose
  • Cutaneous Mycoses
  • Subcutaneous Mycoses
  • Systemic Mycoses
  • Opportunistic Mycoses
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24
Q

– Epidermis
– most common fungal infection
– affects: skin, hair, nails (Keratin)
– s/sx: hypo/hyperpigmentation

A

Superficial Mycoses

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25
Superficial Mycoses
* Black piedra * White piedra * Pityriasis * Tinea nigra
26
– aka Tinea nodosa – CA: Peidraia hortae – CM: BLACK nodules found
Black piedra
27
– CA: Trichosporin beigelii | – CM: BEIGE nodules found
White piedra
28
– An an – aka Tinea versicolor – CA: Malassezia furfur - CM: hypo/hyper pigmented irregular serpentine patches
Pityriasis
29
– CA: Exophiala (Hortae) Werneckii | – CM: Dark-brown balck particles on the palms and soles
Tinea nigra
30
Cutaneous Mycoses — Dermis – CA: dermatophytes
* Epidermophyton – skin, nails * Microsporum – skin, hair * Trichophyton – skin, nails, hair
31
Cutaneous Mycoses
* Tinea pedis * Tinea cruris * Tinea unguium * Tinea corporia * Tinea barbae * Tinea capitis
32
– L: Feet – Dermatophyte: T. Rubrum T. Mentagrophytes E. Floccosum
Tinea pedis
33
– L: Groin Area (Jock itcht) | – Dermatophyte: Same
Tinea cruris
34
– L: Hands/ nails | – Dermatophyte: same
Tinea unguium
35
– L: Trunk – Dermatophyte: T. Rubrum E. Floccosum
Tinea corporis
36
– L: Beard area | – Dermatophyte: T. Mentagrphytes
Tinea barbae
37
– L: Scalp/ head – Dermatophyte: T. Mentagrophytes M. Canis
Tinea capitis
38
– Hypodermis, muscles, tissues. | – Lesions are usually introduced through a trauma on the skin
Subcutaneous Mycoses
39
Subcutaneous Mycoses
* Chromoblastomycosis * Mycetoma * Sporotrichosis * Phaeohyphomycosis
40
– CA: Fonsacaea pedrosoi F. impacta Phialaphora verrucosa (MC) – CM: Verrucous/ Warty like lesions found along the drainings of lyphatics
Chromoblastomycosis
41
``` – Madura Foot – Commonly associated with bare foot individuals – CM: Suppuration/ Abcess formation Granuloma formation Formation of draining ```
Mycetoma
42
– Occupational disease of Gardeners – Habitat: Soil, tree bark, rose thorns – CM: Nodules, Ulceration along the draining lymphatics
Sporotrichosis
43
Tx: DOC for Sporotrichosis
KI Solution
44
– CA: Dermatiaceous molds – CM: Solitary encapsulated cysts, rhinitis/ sinusitis Formation of brain abcess
Phaeohyphomycosis
45
– Blood – Endemic Mycoses – CA: Dimorphic fungi – 1st site: Respirator system/ lungs
Systemic mycoses
46
Tx to Systemic Mycoses
* Mild to Moderate: Itraconazole | * Moderate - Severe: Amphotericin B
47
Systemic Mycoses
* Coccidioimycosis * Histoplasmosis * South American Balstomycosis * North American Blastomycosis
48
– CA: Coccidiodies immites podasii – aka Valley Fever Dessert Rheumatism
Coccidioimycosis
49
– Histoplasma capsulatum – aka Spelunker's Disease – MOT: Bat droppings – CM: Mimics rhe s/sx of PTB
Histoplasmosis
50
– CA:Paracoccidiodes bracillensis | – CM: Primary Lung lesions
South American Blastomycosis
51
– CI: Blastomycoses dermatitis | – CM: Pulmonary infiltrates
North American Blastomycosis
52
- Immunocompromised
Opportunistic Mycoses
53
Opportunistic Mycoses
* Candidiasis * Cryptococcosis * PJP * Aspergillosis * Mucormycosis
54
– most common | – CA: Candida albicans
Candidiasis
55
CM of Candidiasis
* Cutaneous/ Mucous * Systemic * Chronic Mucocutaneous
56
– Intertriginous infxn – oral thrush – onyehomycosis – Vulvovaginitis
Cutaneous/ Mucous
57
Tx for Cutaneous/ Mucous
* Ketoconazole | * Nystatin
58
– in persons | – associated with indwelling catheters & prosthetic devices
Systemic
59
– asscoiated with immunodeficiency + endocrinopathies
Chronic Mucocutaneous
60
Tx for Systemic and Chronic Mucocutaneous
* Amphotericin B | * Fluconazole
61
``` – Biomarker for AIDS – CA: Cryptococcus neoformans – MOT: Pigeon Transmission – ID Test: India Ink – CM: Meningitis/ Crytococcal Meningitis ```
Crytococcosis
62
Tx: DOC for Crytococcosis
Fluconazole
63
Tx: Systemic for Crytococcosis
Amphotericin B
64
Standard tx for Crytococcosis
Anphotericin + Flucytosine
65
– Former: Protozoan | – Former: P. carini
PJP
66
Tx: DOC for PJP
Co-trimoxazole
67
``` – CA: Aspergillus fumigatus A. flavus – CM: Pulmonary aspergilloma Invasive Aspergillosis Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis ```
Aspergillosis
68
Tx: DOC for Aspergillosis
Vononazole
69
– CM: Rhinocerebullar infxn | – CA: Zygomucor
Mucomycosis
70
Tx: DOC for Mucomycosis
Posaconazole

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