Mycology

Question 1

Fungi exist in what two forms

Answer 1

Molds that grow as hyphae and grow by extending in length

Yeasts that grow as single cells and reproduce by budding

Question 2

Are fungi eukaryotic or prokaryotic

Answer 2

Eukaryotic

Question 3

What environment do fungi require to grow

Answer 3

Aerobic environment with a carbon source

Question 4

What are the virulence factors of fungi

Answer 4

Capsule
Cell wall made of chitin (polysaccharide)
Cell membrane containing ergosterol

Question 5

What is it called when a fungus can exist in two forms

Answer 5

Dimorphic

Question 6

What is the only superficial fungal infection

Answer 6

Pityriasis versicolor (tinea versicolor)

Question 7

Etiology of Pityriasis versicolor

Answer 7

Malasserzia furor

Question 8

How do you diagnose Pityriasis versicolor

Answer 8

KOH

Question 9

What does pityriasis versicolor look like after a KOH test

Answer 9

Spaghetti and Meatballs

Question 10

Treatment for Pityriasis versicolor

Answer 10

Topical creams

Question 11

What are cutaneous fungal infections caused by

Answer 11

Candidiasis and
Dermatophytes: 
Trichophyton
Epidermophyton
Microsporum

Question 12

Name the types of dermatophyte infections

Answer 12

Tinea corpus - body
Tinea cruris - groin, scrotum
Tinea pedis - feet
Tinea capitis - scalp
Tinea unguium - nails

Question 13

Treatment for dermatophyte infections

Answer 13

Topical creams

Question 14

Etiology of Candidiasis

Answer 14

Candida albicans

Question 15

What types of infections can Candidiasis cause in a normal host

Answer 15

Mouth - Oral thrush
Vagina - Candidal vaginitis
Groin - diaper rash

Question 16

What types of infections can Candidiasis cause in immunocompromised patient.

Answer 16

Esophagitis

Disseminated

Question 17

What type of fungus causes subcutaneous fungal infections

Answer 17

Sporothrix schenckii (spirotrichosis)

Question 18

Where is Sporothrix schenckii found

Answer 18

In soil and plants (rose thorns)

Question 19

What causes systemic fungal infections

Answer 19

Histoplasma capsulatum
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Coccodioides immitis

Question 20

Where is Histoplasma capsulatum found

Answer 20

In soil with bird and bat droppings; nitrogen rich soil

Question 21

Treatment for Histoplasma capsulatum

Answer 21

Oral

Question 22

Histoplasma capsulatum causes what?

Answer 22

Histoplasmosis

Question 23

Blastomyces dermatitidis causes what?

Answer 23

Blastomycosis

Question 24

Where is Blastomyces dermatitidis found

Answer 24

Soil and decomposing wood and leaves

Question 25

What does Coccidioides immitus cause

Answer 25

Coccidioidomycosis

Question 26

What is another name for Coccidioides immitus

Answer 26

Valley Fever or Desert Rheumatism

Question 27

How can Coccidioides be found in the lung

Answer 27

By CXR and finding a spherules containing endospores in the lung.

Question 28

What are the opportunistic fungal infections

Answer 28

Cryptococcosis Aspergillosis Mucormycosis Pneumocystis jirvecii

Question 29

Etiology of Cryptococcosis

Answer 29

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 30

Where is Cryptococcosis found

Answer 30

Soil with pigeon droppings.

Question 31

Etiology of Aspergillosis

Answer 31

Aspergillus fumigatus.

Question 32

What types of pulmonary disease does Aspergillosis cause

Answer 32

Allergic bronco pulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) Aspergilloma Invasive Aspergillosis

Question 33

Etiology of Mucormycosis

Answer 33

Rhizopus species

Question 34

After Mucormycosis spores are inhaled they cause

Answer 34

blood vessel invasion

Question 35

What is the most common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients

Answer 35

Pneumocystis jirovecii

Question 36

What does Pneymocystis jirvecii cause

Answer 36

Pneumocystis pneumonia

Question 37

Mucormycosis exists in the environment as

Answer 37

Mold, not dimorphic

Question 38

What was the former name of Pneumocystis jirovecii

Answer 38

Pneumocystis carinii

Question 39

Aspergillosis exists in the environment as

Answer 39

Mold with spores, not dimorphic

Question 40

Cryptococcosis exists in the environment as

Answer 40

Yeasts, not dimorphic. Has a wide capsule.