Mycology by Kurt Asperas

Question 1

MOA of azole antifungals

Answer 1

inhibit ergosterol synthesis

Question 2

allergiv bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Answer 2

Aspergillus fumigatus

Question 3

Aflatoxin causing liver cancer

Answer 3

Aspergillus flavus

Question 4

Liver necrosis due to amanitin and phlloidin

Answer 4

Amanita mushrooms

Question 5

Nonspecific agar for fungi

Answer 5

Saboraud’s agar (low pH inhibits bacteria)

Question 6

Ringworms =

Answer 6

Dermatophytes

Question 7

3 important dermatophytes

Answer 7

derMETophytes - Microsporum canis, Epidermophyton floccosum, Trichophyton tonsurans)

Question 8

Green fluorescence on wood’s lamp

Answer 8

Ringworms (specifically microsporum)

Question 9

Spaghetti and meatballs

Answer 9

Malassezia furfur (Tinea versicolor/An-an)

Question 10

Rose gardeners

Answer 10

Sporothrix schenckii

Question 11

DOC for Sporotrichosis

Answer 11

Itraconzole or Potassium Iodide

Question 12

Mold in soil; SPHERULE in tissue

Answer 12

Coccidiodes immitis

Question 13

Transmission of Coccidiodes immitis

Answer 13

inhalation of ARTHROSPORES (arthrospores form spherules filled with endospores)

Question 14

DOC for coccidiodes

Answer 14

Amphotericin B or Itraconazole (fluconazole if with meningitis)

Question 15

Bird droppings, Starlings, bat guano

Answer 15

Histoplasma capsulatum

Question 16

2 forms of asexual spores of H. capsulatum

Answer 16

Tuberculate macroconidia(diagnostic) and microconidia (infective)

Question 17

Histoplasma Hides inside Macrophages

Answer 17

develop into budding yeasts inside macrophages, spreads to liver and spleen

Question 18

Name 2 great mimickers of TB

Answer 18

Histoplasmosis and Paragonimus

Question 19

Round yeast with broad based buds

Answer 19

Blastomyces dermatitidis

Question 20

Most common cause of fungal pneumonia

Answer 20

Blastomyces dermatitidis

Question 21

Transmission of blastomycosis

Answer 21

inhalation of conidia

Question 22

DOC for blastomycosis

Answer 22

Itraconazole (amphotericin if severe)

Question 23

Mariner’s Wheel

Answer 23

Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis

Question 24

Transmission of paracoccidioidomycosis

Answer 24

Inhalation of conidia

Question 25

DOC for paracoccidiodomycosis

Answer 25

Itraconazole

Question 26

5 opportunistic mycoses

Answer 26

Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus fumugatus; Rhizopus oryzae and Mucor spp.; Pneumocystis jiroveci

Question 27

Oval yeast with a single bud or as pseudohyphae

Answer 27

Candida albicans

Question 28

Germ tubes in serum and chlamydo-spores in culture

Answer 28

Candida albicans

Question 29

DOC for oral thrush from candida

Answer 29

Nystatin

Question 30

DOC for skin infections from candida

Answer 30

clotrimazole

Question 31

DOC for disseminated candidiasis

Answer 31

amphotericin B

Question 32

DOC for chemoprophylaxis for candida

Answer 32

fluconazole

Question 33

MCC of fungal septicemia

Answer 33

Candida albicans

Question 34

Oval yeast wth narrow based bud surrounded by a wide polysaccharide capsule

Answer 34

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 35

Staining techniques for cryptococcus

Answer 35

India ink with Nigrosin

Question 36

Screening test for cryptococcus

Answer 36

CALAS (Cryptococcal antigen latex agglutination system)

Question 37

Pigeon droppings

Answer 37

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 38

Transmission of cryptococcus

Answer 38

Inhalation of yeasts

Question 39

MCC of meningoencephalitis among AIDS patients

Answer 39

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 40

DOC for Cryptococcus

Answer 40

amphotericin B and Flucytosine

Question 41

DOC for chemoprophylaxis for cryptococcus

Answer 41

fluconazole

Question 42

septate hyphae that form V-shaped (dichotomous) branches in acute angles

Answer 42

Aspergillus fumigatus

Question 43

T or F: Aspergillus fumigatus only exists as MOLDS

Answer 43

TRUE!

Question 44

Transmission of aspergillosis

Answer 44

inhalation of conidia

Question 45

Asthmatic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (APBA)

Answer 45

Asthmatic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (APBA)

Question 46

DOC for aspergillosis

Answer 46

amphotericin B

Question 47

Saprophytic molds with nonseptate hyphae with walls and branches at right angles

Answer 47

Mucormycosis

Question 48

Rhino-orbital-cerebral infection with eschar formation

Answer 48

Mucormycosis

Question 49

Patients at risk for mucormycosis

Answer 49

DKA, Burns, Leukemia

Question 50

BAL washings stained with toluidine blue and methenamine silver stain

Answer 50

Pneumocystis jiroveci

Question 51

Transmission of pneumocystis

Answer 51

inhalation of cysts

Question 52

Most common AIDS defining illness

Answer 52

Pneumocystis jiroveci

Question 53

Frothy exudate that blocks oxygen exchange

Answer 53

Pneumocystis jiroveci

Question 54

Diffuse interstitial pneumonia with ground glass infiltrates

Answer 54

Pneumocystis jiroveci

Question 55

DOC for pneumocystis

Answer 55

TMP-SMX