Mycology Part 1

Question 1

Sac-like structure containing usually 8 ascospores

Answer 1

Ascus

Question 2

developed during sexual production in the class Ascomycetes

Answer 2

Ascus

Question 3

reproductive bodies of a fungus

Answer 3

spores

Question 4

spores are formed directly from _ or _

Answer 4

vegetative mycelium or specialized hyphae

Question 5

_ is a subcutaneous mycosis often the result of traumatic inoculation of a _ fungus into the skin; etiologic agents include species of _, _, _, and _

Answer 5

Chromoblastomycosis
Dematiaceous
Cladosporium, Fonsecaea, Exophiala, and Phialophora

Question 6

A cell or an aseptate hypha with numerous nuclei

Answer 6

Coenocytic

Question 7

A specialized branch of hypha on which conidia are developed

Answer 7

Conidiophores

Question 8

pigmented, dark in color, usually gray or black

Answer 8

dematiaceous

Question 9

fungi that causes superficial mycoses

Answer 9

dermatophyte

Question 10

ability of some fungi to grow as either yeast or filamentous stages, depending on conditions of growth

Answer 10

Diphasic or Dimorphic

Question 11

ability of fungus to grow outside of a hair shaft

Answer 11

ectothrix

Question 12

ability of fungus to grow and penetrate into hair shaft

Answer 12

endothrix

Question 13

derived from internal source

Answer 13

endogenous

Question 14

derived from external source

Answer 14

exogenous

Question 15

organisms possessing a true nucleus such as fungi

Answer 15

eukaryotes

Question 16

organisms that do not contain a nuclear membrane such as bacteria

Answer 16

prokaryotes

Question 17

fungal blood infection

Answer 17

fungemia

Question 18

large class of fungi with septate hyphae in which the asexual state of reproduction is known but not the sexual state

Answer 18

fungi imperfecti

Question 19

fungi imperfecti are also called _

Answer 19

deuteromycetes

Question 20

_ include majority of the medically significant fungi

Answer 20

fungi imperfecti or deutoromycetes

Question 21

small projections which arise from cells of certain yeasts, indicates the onset of hyphal formation

Answer 21

germ tube

Question 22

colorless, clear

Answer 22

hyaline

Question 23

term generally referring to filamentous fungi

Answer 23

mold

Question 24

Mycetoma is a clinical syndrome of _, _ lesions in the _ and _ tissues due to infections, often a foot, with _ or fungi

Answer 24

localized, tumorous lesions
cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues
actinomycetes

Question 25

a disease caused by a fungus

Answer 25

mycosis

Question 26

toxins of fungal origin

Answer 26

mycotoxins

Question 27

oospore is also called _ , a sexual spore produced trough the fusion of two (A) like (B) unlike nuclei. (Class _)

Answer 27

zygospore unlike Phycomycetes

Question 28

fungi having sexual and asexual reproductive stages

Answer 28

Perfect fungi

Question 29

_ a class of fungi forming a coenocytic mycelium with stiff sporangiospores contained in a _

Answer 29

phycomycetes | sporangium

Question 30

Phycomycetes is a class of fungi forming a _ _ with _ _ contained in a sporangium

Answer 30

coenocytic mycelium | stiff sporangiospores

Question 31

A chain of elongated budding cells that have failed to detach

Answer 31

pseudohyphae

Question 32

no true hyphae

Answer 32

pseudohyphae

Question 33

_ is a term used to describe circular or ring-like lesions produced by _

Answer 33

ringworm | dermatophytes

Question 34

root-like structures

Answer 34

rhizoids

Question 35

any plant organism that obtains its nourishment from dead organic matter

Answer 35

Saprobe (saprophyte)

Question 36

sexual reproduction - _ or_ formation follows the fusion of (A) one (B) two haploid nuclei

Answer 36

zygote or spore | two

Question 37

A special aerial hypha or stalk bearing a sporangium

Answer 37

Sporangiosphore

Question 38

sporangiosphore is a _ _ _ or _ _ a _

Answer 38

special aerial hypha | stalk bearing a sporangium

Question 39

a sac or cell containing spores produced asexually

Answer 39

sporangium

Question 40

occasionally, a resistant body for adverse environment

Answer 40

spore

Question 41

a specialized structure that arises from a basidium and supports basidiospores

Answer 41

Sterigmata

Question 42

sterigmata is a specialized structure that arises from a _ and supports _

Answer 42

basidium | basidiospores

Question 43

mycosis that results from an inoculation with Sporothrix schenckii, lymphocutaneous type is most common

Answer 43

Sporotrichosis

Question 44

Sporotrichosis is a mycosis that results from an inoculation with _ _, and the most common type is _

Answer 44

Sporothrix schenckii | lymphocutaneous

Question 45

sexual form of fungus

Answer 45

Telemorph

Question 46

spore formed by a change in portions of the thallus

Answer 46

Thallospore

Question 47

prefix used with the infected are of the body to indicate a cutaneous mycosis

Answer 47

Tinea (ringworm)

Question 48

pasty or mucoid form of fungus growth, microscopically shows predominance of budding cells

Answer 48

yeast

Question 49

yeast is a _ or _ form of fungus growth, microscopically shows predominance of _ _

Answer 49

pasty or mucoid form | budding cells

Question 50

Are dermatophytes which are parasitic on lower animals as well as man

Answer 50

zoophilic

Question 51

Fungal Structure: Are long, branching filaments that come together to form the mycelium

Answer 51

Hyphae

Question 52

Fungal Structure: The two main types of hypae

Answer 52

Septate and Sparsely sepatate (aseptate)

Question 53

Type of hyphae that have cellular separation or cross walls

Answer 53

Septate hyphae

Question 54

Type of hyphae that range in diameter of 3 to 6 um

Answer 54

septate hyphae

Question 55

Type of hyphae that range in diameter of 5 to 15 um

Answer 55

sparsely septate (aseptate) hyphae

Question 56

Type of hyphae that contain few or if any cellular separations

Answer 56

sparsely septate (aseptate) hyphae

Question 57

Also refers to hyphae lacking cross walls

Answer 57

Coenocytic

Question 58

Fungal Structure: How does pseudohyphae differ from true hyphae (3 answers)

Answer 58

(1) are constricted at the septa (2) form branches that begin with septation (3) have terminal cells smaller than other cells

Question 59

Fungal Structure: (2) Classification of Hyphae

Answer 59

Vegetative and Aerial hyphae

Question 60

Classification of Hyphae: Function in food absorption

Answer 60

Vegetative hyphae

Question 61

Classification of Hyphae: Function is to support reproductive structures called conidia

Answer 61

Aerial hyphae

Question 62

Classification of Hyphae: the portion that extends below the agar surface or nutrient substrate

Answer 62

vegetative hyphae

Question 63

Classification of Hyphae: the portion that extends above the agar surface or nutrient substrate

Answer 63

aerial hyphae

Question 64

Fungal structure: _ are sporelike asexual reproductive structures not produced by cleavage, conjugation, or free-cell formation and are only formed by _ _

Answer 64

Conidia | imperfect fungi

Question 65

Conidia morphology is important in _ _

Answer 65

fungal identification

Question 66

Conidia classification is based on _ _ _

Answer 66

Conidia morphologic development

Question 67

Are single-celled, small conidia

Answer 67

Microconidia

Question 68

Are multicellular, large conidia

Answer 68

Macroconidia

Question 69

What are the types of conidia (6)

Answer 69

Arthroconidia, Blastoconidia, Chlamydoconidia, Poroconidia, Phialoconidia, Anelloconidia

Question 70

Type of Conidia: Are conidia resulting from the fragmentation of hyphae into individual cells. Some fungi will have this type of conidia separated by normal ( _ ) cells

Answer 70

Arthroconidia

Question 71

Type of Conidia: Are conidia that form as the result of budding

Answer 71

Blastoconidia

Question 72

Type of Conidia: Result from terminal cells in the hyphae that enlarge and have thick walls.

Answer 72

Chlamydoconidia

Question 73

Type of Conidia: That can survive adverse environmental conditions

Answer 73

Chlamydoconidia

Question 74

Type of Conidia: Are found in molds

Answer 74

Chlamydoconidia

Question 75

Similar structures of Chlamydoconidia called _ that are found in hyphae produced by some cells

Answer 75

Chlamydospores

Question 76

Type of Conidia: Formed by being pushed through a small pore in the parent cell

Answer 76

Poroconidia

Question 77

Type of Conidia: Are tube-shaped conidia that can be branched

Answer 77

Phialoconidia

Question 78

Type of Conidia: Are vase-shaped conidia

Answer 78

Anelloconidia

Question 79

Anelloconidia, the remaining parent outer cell wall takes on what appearance as the conidia are released

Answer 79

Saw-toothed appearance

Question 80

Sexual and Asexual Reproduction: The production that requires the formation of specialized fungal structures called spores

Answer 80

Sexual Reproduction

Question 81

Sexual and Asexual Reproduction: Fungi that undergo sexual reproduction are termed as _ _

Answer 81

Perfect fungi

Question 82

Sexual and Asexual Reproduction: Only involves division of nucleus and cytoplasm

Answer 82

Asexual reproduction

Question 83

Sexual and Asexual Reproduction: Fungi that undergo asexual reproduction are termed as _ _ and the only fungal group to produce conidia

Answer 83

Imperfect Fungi

Question 84

Sexual Reproduction: 4 types of spores

Answer 84

Ascospores, Basidiospores, Oospores, Zygospores

Question 85

Type or spores: Are spores contained in a sac-like structure

Answer 85

Ascospores

Question 86

Type or spores: Are spores contained in a club-shaped structure

Answer 86

Basidiospore

Question 87

Type or spores: Are spores resulting from the fusion of cells from two different hyphae

Answer 87

Oospores

Question 88

Type or spores: Are spores resulting from the fusion of two identical hyphae

Answer 88

Zygospores