Myeloid Malignancies Flashcards
(17 cards)
Cell markers in AML
CD13, 33, myeloperoxidase, and Auer Rods
Elderly
Cell markers in ALL
CD2, 3, 7, TdT (T cell markers)
CD 19, 22, 10 , TdT (B cell markers)
Kids
Chromosomal abnormalities in AML
t(8;21) and t(15;17) have good prognosis
Missing chromosome 5 or 7 has bad prognosis
Chromosomal abnormalities in ALL
t(12;21) has good prognosis
t(9;22) and t(4;11) have bad prognosis
Chromosomal abnormality in APML
What does it stand for?
Treatment
Acute promyelocytic leukemia
t(15;17)
All-trans retinoid acid, induces differentiation of blasts
What does hydroxyurea do?
Inhibits ribonucleotide redutase
What 2 things are pathognomonic for Myelodysplastic Syndrome?
Ringed sideroblasts and Pseudo Pelger-Huet cells
What gene is mutated in myeloproliferative disorders?
JAK2 (or calreticulin or MPL)
What gene is mutated in CML?
BCR-ABL
Philadelphia Chromosome t(9;22)
What is used to treat CML?
Imatinib
Polycythemia vera carries risk of progression to what?
AML
What is erythromelalgia?
What condition is it involved in?
Burning / welling in hands / feet.
Essential thrombocythemia
Which MPS has best overall prognosis? Worst?
Best: Essential Thrombocythemia
Worst: Primary myelofibrosis
What do tear drop cells indicate?
Primary myelofibrosis
Treatment for primary myelofibrosis (3)
- Control spleen size w/ ruxolitinib, hydroxyurea, radiation, and surgery
- Control inflammation w/ ruxolitinib
- Cure – stem cell transplant
Myelodysplastic Syndrome carries risk of progression to what?
AML
Treatment for myelodysplastic Syndrome
- Low risk – improve cell counts w/ epo, prevent iron overload, lenalidomide good for mutation in chromosome 5. Focus on quality of life.
- High risk – chemo or bone marrow transplant.
