Myocarditis Flashcards
What age group are most commonly affected with myocarditis?
young people
What are the common causes of myocarditis?
Idiopathic (50%)
Also viral, bacterial, spirochetes, protozoa, drugs, toxins, vasculitis
What viruses are associated with myocarditis?
flu, hepatitis, mumps, rubeola, Coxsackie, polio, HIV = MAINLY ENTEROVIRUSES
What bacteria are associated with myocarditis?
Clostridia, diphtheria, TB, meningococcus, mycoplasma, brucellosis, psittacosis
What drugs are associated with myocarditis?
cyclophosphamide, Herceptin, penicillin, chloramphenicol, sulphonamides, methyldopa, spironolactone, phenytoin, carbamazepine
what is the mechanism of myocarditis?
infiltration of heart tissues by one or two types of pro-inflammatory blood cells, lymphocytes and macrophages plus two respective descendants of these cells, NK cells and macrophages.
what is eosinophilic myocarditis?
myocarditis in which cardiac tissue is infiltrated by eosinophils
what are the clinical features of myocarditis?
- Fatigue
- Dyspnoea
- Chest pain
- Fever
- Palpitations
- Tachycardia
- Soft S1, S4 gallop
what ECG features are present in myocarditis?
ST elevation or depression, T wave inversions, atrial arrhythmias, transient AV block
What diagnostic investigations are required for myocarditis?
+ve troponin I or T
Viral PCR
what role does anti-myosin scintigraphy have in myocarditis?
Negative anti-myosin scintigraphy excludes active myocarditis
what is the treatment of myocarditis?
supportive
