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BIOM2020 > Myology of the Forearm and Hand > Flashcards

Myology of the Forearm and Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four superficial flexors

A

Pronator teres
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris

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2
Q

What is the common origin of the superficial flexors

A

Medial, epicondyle of humerus

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3
Q

Pronator teres details

A

Also originates at the coronoid process of the ulna

I: Lateral mid shaft radius

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4
Q

Palmaris longus

A

I: Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum (May not be present, evolution)

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5
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

I: Bases of metacarpal 2+3
F: Lateral deviation of wrist

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6
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Also originates at the olecranon process
I: Pisiform and hamate, base of metacarpal 5
F: Medial deviation of wrist

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7
Q

What is the intermediate flexor

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

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8
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis details

A

O: Humerus medial epicondyle and adjacent anterior surfaces of radius and ulna
I: Mid-lateral surfaces of middle phalanges 2-5
F: Gives rise to 4 tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel in two pairs, one superficial to the other

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9
Q

What are the three deep flexors

A

Flexor digitorum profundus, flexor policis longus and pronator quadratus

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10
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus

A

O: Medial/posterior ulna, medial coronoid process, interosseous membrane
I: Base of distal phalanges 2-5
Gives rise to 4 tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel side by side. These tendons pass through the v shapes formed by flexor digitorum superficialis

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11
Q

Flexor policis longus

A

O: Anterior shaft of radius and interosseous membrane
I: Base of distal phalanx of thumb
F: Flexion of thumb

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12
Q

Pronator quadratus

A

O: Anterior and distal surfaces of distal ulna
I: Anterolateral surface of distal portion of radius

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13
Q

What forms the walls of the carpal tunnels

A

Medial: Pisiform and hamate
Lateral: Trapezium and scaphoid tubercle
Floor: Other carpal bones
Roof: Flexor retinaculum

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14
Q

Name the six superficial extensors

A 
Brachioradialis
Extensor carpiulnaris
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digit minimi
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
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15
Q

Brachioradialis

A

O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of distal humerus
I: Styloid process of radius
F: Flexor of the elbow

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16
Q

Extensor carpiulnaris

A

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Base of 5th metacarpal
F: Extension and medial deviation

17
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: 4 tendons into extensor expansions and distal phalanges of 2-5

18
Q

Extensor digit minimi

A

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Posterior proximal phalanx of little finger (digit 5)

19
Q

Extensor carpiradialis longus

A

O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: Base of metacarpal 2
This is a long tendon that runs superficial

20
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Base of metacarpal 3
This is a short tendon that runs deeper

21
Q

What are the five deep extensors

A 
Supinator
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor indicis
22
Q

Supinator

A

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus and proximal ulna
I: Proximal radius
F: Acts to supinate; when hand is pronated, wraps around radius with lengthened fibres. Shortening the fibres (concentric) reverses this and draws the hand back to supination.

23
Q

Abductor pollicis longus

A

O: Dorsal shaft of radius and ulna
I: Lateral MCI (and trapezium)

24
Q

Extensor pollicis longus

A

O: Dorsal shaft of radius/ulna and interosseous membrane
I: Base of distal phalanx of thumb

25
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis

A

O: Dorsal shaft of radius/ulna and interosseous membrane
I: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

26
Q

Extensor indicis

A

O: Posterior of distal ulna and interosseous membrane
I: Extensor expansion of index finger

27
Q

Digit extensors information

A

O: Tendon of flexor digitorum profundus
I: Lateral edge of extensor expansion on 1st phalynx of 2-5
F: Flexion of metacarpophalangeal joints and extension of interphalangeal joints.

28
Q

What are the two types of interossei

A

Palmar and dorsal

29
Q

Details of palmar interossei

A

O: Side of metacarpals facing digit 3
I: Extensor expansion of first phalanx on same side

30
Q

Details of dorsal interossei

A

O: Sides of metacarpals
I: Extensor expansion over first phalanx of 2-4, on both sides of #3, but opposite sides of other digits

BIOM2020 (6 decks)

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