myology of the shoulder region

Question 1

name the group one muscles of the shoulder region

Answer 1

trapezius
latissimus dorsi
levator scapulae
rhomboid major and minor

Question 2

what do the group one muscles connect

Answer 2

connect upper limb to vertebral column

Question 3

trapezius origins

Answer 3

external occipital protuberance
ligamentum nuchae
spinous processes of C7- T12

Question 4

trapezius insertions (for all fibres)

Answer 4

upper fibres- posterior border of lateral third of clavicle
middle fibres- medial margin of acromion and superior lip of crest of spine of scapula
lower fibres- tubercle at medial end of scapula

Question 5

trapezius nerve supply

Answer 5

spinal accessory nerve C2,3,4

Question 6

upper fibres of trapezius actions

Answer 6

elevation of shoulder girdle
extension of cervical spine bilaterally
side flexion of cervical spine

Question 7

middle fibres trapezius action

Answer 7

retraction of shoulder girdle

Question 8

lower fibres trapezius action

Answer 8

depression of shoulder girdle

Question 9

what movement of the scapula is produced by all fibres of trapezius due to combined action with serratus anterior

Answer 9

lateral rotation of scapula

Question 10

latissimus dorsi origins

Answer 10

-via thoracolumbar fascia to spinous processes T7-12
-all lumbar and sacral vertebrae and their supraspinous and interspinous ligaments
-posterior part lower 4 ribs and inferior angle of scapula

Question 11

latissimus dorsi insertion

Answer 11

via long tendon into floor of intertubercular groove of humerus

Question 12

describe the direction of fibres of latissimus dorsi

Answer 12

upper fibres- nearly horizontally orientated
lower fibres- more vertically orientated

Question 13

latissimus dorsi

Answer 13

thoracodorsal nerve C6,7,8

Question 14

latissimus dorsi action

Answer 14

adduction, medial rotation and extension of the arm at the shoulder joint

Question 15

levator scapulae origin

Answer 15

transverse processes C1-4

Question 16

levator scapulae insertion

Answer 16

upper part medial border of scapula

Question 17

levator scapulae nerve supply

Answer 17

dorsal scapular nerve C5

Question 18

levator scapulae action

Answer 18

elevation, retraction and medial rotation of pectoral girdle
laterally flexes and extends neck

Question 19

rhomboid major origin

Answer 19

spinous processes T2-5 and covering ligaments

Question 20

rhomboid minor origin

Answer 20

spinous processes C7-T1

Question 21

rhomboid major insertion

Answer 21

medial border of scapula- from spine to inferior angle

Question 22

rhomboid minor insertion

Answer 22

triangular area at medial end of scapula

Question 23

rhomboids nerve supply

Answer 23

dorsal scapular nerve c5

Question 24

rhomboids action

Answer 24

elevation, retraction and medial rotation of pectoral girdle

Question 25

what are the group 2 muscles of the shoulder

Answer 25

serratus anterior pectoralis minor subclavius pecctoralis major

Question 26

what do the group 2 muscles of the shoulder connect

Answer 26

connect upper limb to thoracic wall

Question 27

serratus anterior origin

Answer 27

outer surfaces upper 8/9 ribs and the intercostal fascia

Question 28

serratus anterior insertion

Answer 28

costal surface medial border of scapula

Question 29

serratus anterior nerve supply

Answer 29

long thoracic nerve C5, 6, 7

Question 30

serratus anterior action

Answer 30

powerful protractor and lateral rotator of scapula

Question 31

pectoralis minor origin

Answer 31

coracoid process of scapula

Question 32

pectoralis minor insertion

Answer 32

outer surfaec ribs 3,4,5 and intercostal fascia

Question 33

pec minor nerve supply

Answer 33

medial and lateral pectoral nerves C6,7,8

Question 34

Pec minor action

Answer 34

protracts and medially rotates scapula

Question 35

pec major origins

Answer 35

medial half anterior border of clavicle, anterior surface of sternum, anterior surface upper 6 costal cartilages and 6th rib

Question 36

pec major insertion

Answer 36

via tendon into lateral lip intertubercular groove

Question 37

pec major nerve supply

Answer 37

medial (C8-t1) and lateral (C5,6,7) pectoral nerves

Question 38

pec major action

Answer 38

flexes, medially rotates and adducts arm at the shoulder

Question 39

name the group 3 muscles of the shoulder

Answer 39

coracobrachialis deltoid teres major

Question 40

what do the group 3 muscles of the shoulder connect

Answer 40

connect upper limb to scapula

Question 41

coracobrachialis origin

Answer 41

apex of coracoid process

Question 42

coracobrachialis insertion

Answer 42

medial side shaft of humerus

Question 43

coracobrachialis nerve supply

Answer 43

musculocutaneous nerve C6,7

Question 44

coracobrachialis action

Answer 44

adducts and flexes arm at the shoulder

Question 45

anterior deltoid origin

Answer 45

anterior border lateral third clavicle

Question 46

middle deltoid origin

Answer 46

outer margin acromion

Question 47

posterior deltoid origin

Answer 47

lower border spine of scapula

Question 48

deltoid insertion

Answer 48

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Question 49

deltoid nerve supply

Answer 49

axillary nerve C5,6

Question 50

deltoid actions (all fibre types)

Answer 50

- all fibres abduct arm at shoulder anterior fibres - flexion and medial rotation of shoulder posterior fibres- extension and lateral rotation of shoulder

Question 51

teres major origin

Answer 51

lower 3rd lateral border and inferior angle of scapula

Question 52

teres major insertion

Answer 52

medial slip of intertubercular groove of humerus

Question 53

teres major nerve supply

Answer 53

lower subscapular nerve C6,7

Question 54

teres major action

Answer 54

adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder