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Musculoskeletal > Myology of the Upper Extremity > Flashcards

Myology of the Upper Extremity Flashcards

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1
Q

What muscles comprise the “thoracoappendicular muscles”?

A

pectoralis major muscles, pectoralis minor muscle, subclavius muscle, and serratus anterior muscle

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2
Q

What is the action (A), innervation (N), and blood supply (BS) of pectoralis major muscle?

A

Action: ADduct and medially rotate humerus; protracts and depressed scapula; clavicular head flexes humerus; sternocostal head extends humerus from the flexed state.
Innervation: lateral and medial pectoral nerves
Blood supply: pectoral branch of thoracoacromial trunk

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3
Q

A-N-BS of pectoralis major muscle?

A

A: stabilizes scapula by protracting and depressing it against the thoracic wall
N: medial pectoral nerve
BS: pectoral branch of thoracoacromial trunk

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4
Q

A-N-BS of subclavius muscle?

A

A: positions and depresses clavicle
N: nerve to subclavius muscle
BS: clavicular branch of thoracoacromial trunk

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5
Q

A-N-BS of serratus anterior muscle?

A

A: protracts scapula (stabilizing it against thoracic wall) and rotates glenoid cavity superiorly
N: long thoracic nerve
BS: lateral thoracic artery and thoracodorsal artery

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6
Q

What muscles comprise the “scapulohumeral muscles”?

A

deltoid muscle, subscapularis muscle, supraspinatus muscle, infraspinatus muscle, teres minor muscle, and teres major muscle.

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7
Q

A-N-BS of deltoid muscle?

A

Action:
anterior part: flex and medially rotate humerus
middle part: aBduct humerus
posterior part: extend and laterally rotate the humerus

Innervation: axillary nerve
Blood supply: posterior circumflex humeral artery

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8
Q

A-N-BS of subscapularis muscle?

A

A: medially rotate and aDduct the humerus; holds humeral head in glenoid cavity
N: upper and lower subscapular nerve
BS: subscapular artery

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9
Q

A-N-BS of supraspinatus muscle?

A

A: with the deltoid muscle, aBduct the humerus; holds the humeral head in the glenoid cavity
N: suprascapular nerve
BS: suprascapular artery

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10
Q

A-N-BS of infraspinatus muscles?

A

A: laterally rotates the humerus; holds the humeral head in the glenoid cavity
N: suprascapular nerve
BS: suprascapular artery and circumflex scapular artery

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11
Q

A-N-BS of teres minor muscle?

A

A: laterally rotates the humerus; holds the humeral head in the glenoid cavity
N: axillary nerve
BS: circumflex scapular artery

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12
Q

A-N-BS of teres major muscle?

A

A: aDduct and medially rotate the humerus
N: lower subscapular nerve
BS: circumflex scapular artery

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13
Q

What muscles comprise the anterior compartment of the brachial muscles?

A

biceps brachii muscles, coracobrachialis muscle, and brachialis muscle.

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14
Q

A-N-BS of biceps brachii muscle?

A

A: flex humerus and the supine forearm; supinate the forearm; short head resists dislocation of the shoulder
N: musculocutaneous nerve
BS: brachial artery

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15
Q

A-N-BS of coracobrachialis muscle?

A

A: flex and aDduct the humerus
N: musculocutaneous nerve
BS: brachial artery

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16
Q

A-N-BS of brachialis muscle?

A

A: flex the forearm
N: musculocutaneous nerve
BS: radial recurrent artery

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17
Q

What muscles comprise the posterior compartment of the brachial muscles?

A

triceps brachii muscle and anconeus muscle

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18
Q

A-N-BS of triceps brachii muscle?

A

A: extend the forearm; long head resists dislocation of the shoulder
N: radial nerve
BS: deep brachial artery

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19
Q

A-N-BS of anconeus muscle?

A

A: with the triceps brachii muscles, extends the forearm; stabilizes the elbow joint
N: radial nerve
BS: deep brachial artery and interosseous recurrent artery

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20
Q

What muscles comprise the superficial layer of flexors of the antebrachial muscles?

A

pronator teres muscle, flexor carpi radialis muscle, palmaris longus muscle, and flexor carpi ulnaris muscle.

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21
Q

A-N-BS of pronator teres muscle?

A

A: pronate and flex the forearm
N: median nerve
BS: ulnar artery and radial artery

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22
Q

A-N-BS of flexor carpi radialis muscle?

A

A: flex forearm and wrist; aBduct hand at the wrist
N: median nerve
BS: ulnar artery

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23
Q

A-N-BS of palmaris longus muscle?

A

A: flex forearm and hand; tenses the palmar aponeurosis
N: median nerve
BS: ulnar artery

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24
Q

A-N-BS of flexor carpi ulnaris muscle?

A

A: flex forearm and hand at the wrist; aDduct hand at the wrist
N: ulnar nerve
BS: ulnar artery

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25
What muscle comprises the intermediate layer of flexors of the antebrachial muscles?
flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
26
A-N-BS of flexor digitorum superficialis muscles?
A: flex forearm, hand at the wrist, and proximal and intermediate phalanges of digits 2-5 at the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints, respectively N: median nerve BS: ulnar artery
27
What muscles comprise the deep layer of flexors of the antebrachial muscles?
flexor digitorum profundus muscle, flexor pollicis longus muscle, and pronator quadratus muscles
28
A-N-BS of flexor digitorum profundus muscle?
Action: flex hand at the wrist and all phalanges of digits 2-5 at the metacarpophalangeal, proximal, and distal interphalangeal joints Innervation: lateral part: anterior interosseous nerve (of the median nerve) medial part: ulnar nerve BS: ulnar artery and anterior interosseous artery
29
A-N-BS of flexor pollicis longus muscle?
A: flex hand; flex and aBduct 1st metacarpal at the 1st carpometacarpal joint; flex both phalanges of the pollux (thumb) at the intercarpal joint N: anterior interosseous nerve (of the median nerve) BS: anterior interosseous artery
30
A-N-BS of pronator quadratus muscle?
A: pronate forearm; deep fibers hold the ulna and radius together N: anterior interosseous nerve (of the median nerve) BS: anterior interosseous artery
31
What muscles comprise the superficial layer of extensors of the antebrachial muscles?
Brachioradialis muscle, extensor carpi radialis longus muscle, extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle, extensor digitorum muscle, extensor digiti minimi muscle, and extensor carpi ulnaris muscles.
32
A-N-BS of brachioradialis muscle?
A: flex forearm (most force when forearm is midpronated) N: radial nerve BS: radial recurrent artery
33
A-N-BS of extensor carpi radialis longus muscle?
A: extend and aBduct hand at the wrist (active during fist clenching) N: radial nerve BS: radial artery
34
A-N-BS of extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle?
A: extend and aBduct hand at the wrist N: deep radial nerve BS: radial artery
35
A-N-BS of extensor digitorum muscle?
A: extend hand at the wrist; extend all phalanges of digits 2-5 at the metacarpophalangeal, proximal, and distal interphalangeal joints N: posterior interosseous nerve BS: posterior interosseous artery
36
A-N-BS of extensor digiti minimi muscle?
A: extend all phalanges of digit 5 at the metacarpophalangeal, proximal, and distal interphalangeal joints N: posterior interosseous nerve BS: posterior interosseous artery
37
A-N-BS of extensor carpi ulnaris muscle?
A: extend and aDduct hand at the wrist (active during fist clenching) N: posterior interosseous nerve BS: ulnar artery
38
What muscles comprise the deep extensors of the antebrachial muscles?
supinator muscle and extensor indicis muscle
39
A-N-BS of supinator muscle?
A: supinate forearm N: deep radial nerve BS: radial recurrent artery
40
A-N-BS of extensor indicis muscle?
A: extend hand at the wrist; extend 2nd digit N: posterior interosseous nerve BS: posterior interosseous artery
41
What muscles comprise the outcropping muscles of the deep layer of extensors of the antebrachial muscles?
Abductor pollicis longus muscle, extensor pollicis longus muscle, and extensor pollicis brevis muscle.
42
A-N-BS of abductor pollicis longus muscle?
A: aBduct hand at the wrist; aBduct the pollux (thumb) at the carpometacarpal joint N: posterior interosseous nerve BS: posterior interosseous artery
43
A-N-BS of extensor pollicis longus muscle?
A: aBduct hand at the wrist; extend 1st metacarpal, proximal, and distal phalanges of the pollux (thumb) at the carpometacarpal, metacarpophalangeal, and interphalangeal joints N: posterior interosseous nerve BS: posterior interosseous artery
44
A-N-BS of extensor pollicis brevis muscle?
A: aBduct hand, extend 1st metacarpal and proximal phalanges of the pollux (thumb) at the carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints N: posterior interosseous nerve BS: posterior interosseous artery
45
What muscles comprise the thenar eminence of the hand muscles?
Abductor pollicis brevis muscle, opponens pollicis muscles, flexor pollicis brevis muscle, and adductor pollicis muscle.
46
A-N-BS of abductor pollicis brevis muscle?
A: aBduct pollux (thumb); aids in opposition N: recurrent branch of median nerve BS: superficial palmar branches of radial artery
47
A-N-BS of opponens pollicis muscle?
A: oppose pollux (thumb) N: recurrent branch of the median nerve BS: superficial palmar branches of the radial artery
48
A-N-BS of flexor pollicis brevis muscle?
Action: flex 1st metacarpal and proximal phalanges of the pollux (thumb) at the carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints Innervation: superficial head: recurrent branch of the median nerve deep head: deep ulnar nerve Blood supply: superficial palmar branches of the radial artery
49
A-N-BS of adductor pollicis muscle?
A: aDduct pollux (thumb) N: deep ulnar nerve BS: deep palmar arterial arch
50
What muscles comprise the hypothenar eminence of the hand muscles?
Abductor digiti minimi muscle, flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle, and opponens digiti minimi muscle.
51
A-N-BS of abductor digiti minimi muscle?
A: aBduct 5th digit N: deep ulnar nerve BS: ulnar artery
52
A-N-BS of flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle?
A: flex proximal phalanx of the 5th digit N: deep ulnar nerve BS: ulnar artery
53
A-N-BS of opponens digiti minimi muscle?
A: oppose 5th digit N: deep ulnar nerve BS: ulnar artery
54
What is the muscle that was unclassified on the hand?
palmaris brevis muscle
55
A-N-BS of palmaris brevis muscle?
A: folds the skin of the ulnar side of the palm N: superficial branch of the ulnar nerve BS: superficial palmar branches of the ulnar artery
56
What muscles comprise the intermediate muscles of the hand muscles?
Lumbrical muscles (1-4), dorsal interossei muscles (1-4) - DAB, and palmar interossei muscles (1-3) - PAD.
57
A-N-BS of 1st and 2nd lumbrical muscles?
A: flex proximal phalanges of the 2nd and 3rd digits at the metacarpophalangeal joints; extend intermediate and distal phalanges of the 2nd and 3rd digits by tightening extensor expansion N: median nerve BS: superficial palmar arch; common palmar digital arteries; deep palmar arch; dorsal digital arteries
58
A-N-BS of 3rd and 4th lumbrical muscles?
A: flex proximal phalanges of the 4th and 5th digits at the metacarpophalangeal joints; extend intermediate and distal phalanges of the 4th and 5th digits by tightening extensor expansion N: deep ulnar nerve BS: superficial palmar arch; common palmar digital arteries; deep palmar arch; dorsal digital arteries
59
A-N-BS of dorsal interossei muscles (1-4) - DAB?
A: aBduct digits 2-4; flex proximal phalanges at the metacarpophalangeal joints; extend intermediate and distal phalanges by tightening extensor expansion N: deep ulnar nerve BS: dorsal and palmar metacarpal arteries
60
A-N-BS of palmar interossei muscles (1-3) - PAD?
A: aDduct 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits; flex proximal phalanges of the 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits at the metacarpophalangeal joints; extend intermediate and distal phalanges of the 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits by tightening extensor expansion N: deep ulnar nerve BS: palmar metacarpal arteries

Musculoskeletal (4 decks)

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