MYP 4- Where are all the city Flashcards
(46 cards)
What is urbanization?
The process by which an increasing percentage of a population lives in cities and urban areas.
What does ‘Sphere of Influence’ refer to?
The area or region influenced or served by a particular settlement, city, or economic activity.
Define ‘Range of Goods and Services’.
The variety of products and services available within a particular area or market.
What is a conurbation?
An extended urban area formed by the merging of multiple cities or towns.
Explain ‘Agglomeration’.
The clustering of businesses, industries, or services in a specific area for cost savings and efficiency.
What is Settlement Hierarchy?
A system categorizing settlements based on size, function, and significance.
List some social issues arising from urbanization.
- Inequality
- Overcrowding
- Health risks
What economic issues can urbanization present?
- Employment challenges
- High cost of living
- Infrastructure inadequacies
Identify environmental issues linked to urbanization.
- Pollution
- Resource depletion
- Climate change
What political issues are associated with urbanization?
- Governance challenges
- Difficulties in policy implementation
- Lack of public participation
Fill in the blank: Urban sprawl refers to the _______.
[uncontrolled or poorly planned expansion of urban areas into surrounding rural land]
Name some common reasons for urban sprawl.
- Population growth
- Affordable housing
- Increased car use
- Government policies
- Desire for more space
- Availability of land
- Economic growth
- Lack of urban planning
What is a land use model?
A conceptual framework explaining the patterns and distribution of different types of land uses within an urban area.
Describe the Concentric Zone Model.
A model suggesting cities grow outward from a central business district in concentric rings.
What does Zone 1 represent in the Concentric Zone Model?
The Central Business District (CBD), where commercial and economic activities are concentrated.
Explain the Sector Model.
A model suggesting cities develop in sectors or wedges radiating from the CBD, influenced by transportation.
What is the Multiple Nuclei Model?
A model arguing cities grow around multiple centers that influence land use patterns.
Define the Urban Realms Model.
A model that describes large cities as composed of several distinct, self-sustaining urban realms.
What characterizes the Edge City Model?
The emergence of new business districts on the outskirts of older cities, featuring commercial centers and residential zones.
What is GNI?
Gross National Income, a measure of a country’s income per capita.
What is Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)?
An economic theory comparing different countries’ currencies through a ‘basket of goods’ approach.
Fill in the blank: A High-Income Country (HIC) is defined by a GNI per capita of _______.
[13,046 USD and above]
List characteristics of High-Income Countries (HIC).
- High levels of industrialization
- High GDP
- Well-established healthcare
- Strong service sector
What is a High-Income Country (HIC)?
A country with a high Gross National Income (GNI) per capita, well-developed infrastructure, and high living standards.
Examples include the United States, Germany, Japan, United Kingdom, and Canada. GNI per capita is $13,046 and above.
