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Kennisdatabank > Mythos - Stephen Fry > Flashcards

Mythos - Stephen Fry Flashcards

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1
Q

Who is Gaia?

A

The personification of Earth and a primordial deity.

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2
Q

What does Tartarus represent?

A

A deep abyss used as a dungeon of torment and prison for the Titans.

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3
Q

Who is Nyx?

A

The goddess of Night.

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4
Q

What is Erebus the god of?

A

Darkness and shadow.

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5
Q

What important force does Eros represent?

A

Desire or love, often considered a catalyst for creation.

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6
Q

Why does Uranus imprison some of his children?

A

He finds them monstrous or fears them, so he traps them within Gaia.

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7
Q

What effect does Uranus’s imprisonment have on Gaia?

A

She suffers and becomes vengeful.

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8
Q

Which of Gaia’s children agrees to overthrow Uranus?

A

Cronus, a Titan.

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9
Q

What weapon does Cronus use to attack Uranus?

A

A sickle made of adamant.

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10
Q

What happens when Cronus attacks Uranus?

A

He castrates Uranus, and the blood and remains give rise to new beings.

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11
Q

What is born from Uranus’s blood falling on Gaia?

A

The Furies, the Giants, and the Meliae (ash tree nymphs).

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12
Q

What is born from Uranus’s genitals falling into the sea?

A

Aphrodite, the goddess of love and beauty.

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13
Q

Who takes over rule after Uranus is overthrown?

A

Cronus.

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14
Q

What is Cronus’s reign called?

A

The Golden Age.

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15
Q

What does Cronus do to his own children?

A

He swallows them to prevent being overthrown.

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16
Q

Why is Cronus afraid of his children?

A

A prophecy foretold that one of them would overthrow him.

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17
Q

Why did Uranus fear the Cyclopes and Hecatoncheires?

A

Because of their monstrous forms and power.

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18
Q

What did Cronus do after overthrowing Uranus?

A

He became ruler of the cosmos and took Rhea as his consort.

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19
Q

What is the prophecy that haunts Cronus?

A

That one of his children would overthrow him, just as he overthrew his father.

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20
Q

How many children did Cronus and Rhea have?

A

Six: Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon, and Zeus.

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21
Q

How does Rhea save Zeus from being swallowed?

A

She gives Cronus a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes and hides Zeus in a cave.

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22
Q

What role does Eros play in the creation myth?

A

Eros is the force of attraction and desire that drives creation and union among beings.

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23
Q

What was born from Uranus’ blood?

A

The Furies

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24
Q

How was Zeus saved from Cronus?

A

Rhea gave Cronus a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes instead.

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25
Who raised Zeus in secret?
Nymphs and goat Amalthea in a cave on Crete.
26
What did Zeus do to Cronus after defeating him?
He imprisoned him and the other Titans in Tartarus.
27
What is Tartarus?
A deep abyss used as a dungeon for the defeated Titans.
28
Who is Metis?
A Titaness of wisdom whom Zeus tricked and later swallowed.
29
Why did Zeus swallow Metis?
To avoid a prophecy that her child would overthrow him.
30
Who was born from Zeus' head?
Athena
31
How long did the Titanomachy last?
Ten years.
32
What happens to the stone Cronus swallowed instead of Zeus?
It’s later placed at Delphi as the Omphalos (navel of the world).
33
What is Hera’s Roman name and domain?
Juno – goddess of marriage and queen of the gods.
34
What is Poseidon’s Roman name and domain?
Neptune – god of the sea and earthquakes.
35
What is Hades’ Roman name and domain?
Pluto – god of the Underworld and the dead.
36
What is Demeter’s Roman name and domain?
Ceres – goddess of agriculture and grain.
37
What is Hestia’s Roman name and domain?
Vesta – goddess of the hearth and domestic life.
38
What is Zeus’ Roman name and domain?
Jupiter – king of the gods
39
What existed before everything else in Greek mythology?
Chaos - the primordial void, emptiness, or gap. Not disorder, but the space from which everything emerged.
40
Who were the first beings to emerge from Chaos?
Gaia (Earth), Tartarus (underworld pit), Eros (love/attraction), Erebus (darkness), and Nyx (night)
41
How did Gaia create her first children?
Through parthenogenesis (asexual reproduction) - she created Uranus (sky), Ourea (mountains), and Pontus (sea) without a mate
42
Who were the Hecatoncheires and what made them special?
Three giants with 100 hands and 50 heads each: Briareus, Cottus, and Gyges. Children of Gaia and Uranus.
43
Name the three Cyclopes and their special abilities
Brontes (thunder), Steropes (lightning), and Arges (bright flash). One-eyed giants who later forged Zeus's thunderbolts.
44
Who were the six male Titans?
Oceanus, Coeus, Crius, Hyperion, Iapetus, and Cronus
45
Who were the six female Titans (Titanesses)?
Tethys, Phoebe, Mnemosyne, Theia, Themis, and Rhea
46
Oceanus - Greek Titan
Titan of the world-ocean, married to Tethys. Father of all river gods and ocean nymphs (Oceanids).
47
Coeus - Greek Titan
Titan of intellect and the axis of heaven. Father of Leto (who bore Apollo and Artemis).
48
Hyperion - Greek Titan
Titan of light and observation. Father of Helios (sun), Selene (moon), and Eos (dawn).
49
Iapetus - Greek Titan
Titan of mortality and pain. Father of Prometheus, Epimetheus, Atlas, and Menoetius.
50
Cronus/Kronos - Greek Titan
Youngest Titan who overthrew Uranus with a sickle. Leader of Titans, later overthrown by Zeus.
51
Rhea - Greek Titaness
Wife of Cronus, mother of the Olympians. Saved Zeus by hiding him and tricking Cronus with a stone.
52
Mnemosyne - Greek Titaness
Titaness of memory. Mother of the nine Muses by Zeus.
53
Themis - Greek Titaness
Titaness of divine law, order, and custom. Mother of the Fates and Seasons by Zeus.
54
Phoebe - Greek Titaness
Titaness of the moon and prophecy. Grandmother of Apollo and Artemis through Leto.
55
What did Cronus do to prevent being overthrown?
He swallowed each of his children immediately after birth, having been warned one would overthrow him.
56
How did Rhea save Zeus?
She gave birth in secret on Crete, then gave Cronus a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes to swallow instead.
57
How did Zeus free his siblings?
He gave Cronus a potion (made by Metis) that forced him to vomit up the other five Olympians, who emerged fully grown.
58
What was the Titanomachy?
The 10-year war between the Olympians (led by Zeus) and the Titans (led by Cronus) for control of the cosmos.
59
Who helped Zeus win the Titanomachy?
The Cyclopes (who forged his thunderbolts) and the Hecatoncheires (hundred-handed giants) whom he freed from Tartarus.
60
What happened to the Titans after their defeat?
Most were imprisoned in Tartarus. Atlas was condemned to hold up the heavens. Some (like Prometheus) later served the Olympians.
61
Zeus - King of Olympus
King of gods, ruler of sky and thunder. Youngest son of Cronus and Rhea.
62
Hera - Queen of Olympus
Queen of gods, goddess of marriage and family. Wife and sister of Zeus.
63
Poseidon - The Earth-Shaker
God of the sea, earthquakes, and horses. Brother of Zeus, ruler of all waters.
64
Hades - Lord of the Underworld
God of the dead and underworld. Brother of Zeus, ruler of the afterlife realm.
65
Demeter - The Harvest Mother
Goddess of agriculture, harvest, and nature. Sister of Zeus, mother of Persephone.
66
Hestia - Keeper of the Hearth
Goddess of hearth and home. Eldest child of Cronus and Rhea, remained virgin.
67
Athena - The Wise Warrior
Goddess of wisdom and warfare. Born fully grown from Zeus's head after he swallowed Metis.
68
Apollo - The Bright One
God of music, poetry, prophecy, and the sun. Son of Zeus and Leto, twin of Artemis.
69
Artemis - The Huntress
Goddess of hunt, wilderness, and moon. Daughter of Zeus and Leto, twin of Apollo.
70
Aphrodite - Goddess of Love
Goddess of love and beauty. Born from sea foam when Uranus's severed parts fell into ocean.
71
Hephaestus - The Divine Smith
God of fire and metalworking. Son of Hera (and Zeus), thrown from Olympus due to lameness.
72
Ares - God of War
God of courage and war. Son of Zeus and Hera, lover of Aphrodite.
73
Who is Metis and why is she important?
Titaness of wisdom, Zeus's first wife. Zeus swallowed her when pregnant with Athena, fearing their child would overthrow him.
74
What is the significance of the lots drawn by Zeus, Poseidon, and Hades?
They divided the cosmos: Zeus got the sky, Poseidon the sea, Hades the underworld. Earth was shared territory.

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