N212 Lect 12

Question 1

the energy needed at rest to maintain life sustaining activities for a specific amount of time is called

Answer 1

Basal metabolic Rate ( BMR)

Question 2

the amount of energy needed to consume over 24 hour period for the body to maintain internal working activities while at rest is called

Answer 2

Resting energy expenditure (REE)

Question 3

the energy necessary for the normal function of numerous body processes is called

Answer 3

Nutrients

Question 4

complex and simple saccharides main source of energy is

Answer 4

Carbohydrates

Question 5

amino acids, necessary for nitrogen balance

Answer 5

proteins

Question 6

saturated, polyunsaturated and monounsaturated, calorie dense

Answer 6

Fats

Question 7

whats the main source of energy in a diet which is composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Answer 7

carbohydrates

Question 8

glucose and fructose are classified as

Answer 8

monosaccharides

Question 9

sucrose, lactose and maltose are

Answer 9

disaccharides

Question 10

monosaccharides and disaccharides are considered

Answer 10

simple carbohydrates: found primarily in sugars

Question 11

starches are polysaccharides, true or false

Answer 11

true

Question 12

polysaccharides are able to be digested, true or false

Answer 12

false, unable to digest because we do not have enzymes capable to do that

Question 13

fiber is considered a

Answer 13

polysaccharide

Question 14

what is essential for growth, maintenance, repair of body tissue, blood clotting, fluid regulation, acid base balance?

Answer 14

proteins

Question 15

protein maintains nitrogen balance, transports nutrients and many drugs in the blood, true or false

Answer 15

true

Question 16

whats the simplest form of protein

Answer 16

amino acid

Question 17

the body doesnt synthesize indispensable amino acids but does synthesize dispensable amino acids, true or false

Answer 17

true

Question 18

when intake of nitrogen is greater than output, body is in positive nitrogen balance, true or false

Answer 18

true

Question 19

positive nitrogen balance is required for growth, normal pregnancy, maintenance of lean muscle mass, wound healing, true or false

Answer 19

true

Question 20

negative nitrogen balance occurs when the body loses more nitrogen than it gains (e.g. infection, burns, fever, starvation, head injury, and trauma), true or false

Answer 20

true

Question 21

what is composed of triglycerides and fatty acids

Answer 21

fats(lipids)

Question 22

what circulates in the blood and are composed of 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol

Answer 22

triglycerides

Question 23

fatty acids can be saturated in which carbon in the chain has 2 attached h atoms, true or false

Answer 23

true

Question 24

unsaturated is when there is an unequal number of h atoms attached to the carbon atom attached to each other with a double bond, true or false

Answer 24

true

Question 25

monounsaturated fatty acids have double bond, true or fals

Answer 25

true

Question 26

polyunsaturated fatty acids have 2 or more double carbon bonds, true or false

Answer 26

true

Question 27

animal fats have saturated fatty acids, vegetables fats have unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, true or false

Answer 27

true

Question 28

an organic substance presents in small amounts in foods that are essential to normal metabolism

Answer 28

vitamins

Question 29

fat soluble vitamins are A, D, E, K and stored in the fatty compartments of the body, true or false

Answer 29

true

Question 30

hypervitaminosis is fat soluble vitamins results from megadoses of supplemental vitamins, excessive amounts in fortified food and large intake of fish oils, true or false

Answer 30

true

Question 31

water soluble vitamins are Vitamin C and B complex, true or false

Answer 31

true ( they are easily absorbed form the GI tract)

Question 32

inorganic elements essential to the body as catalysts in biochemical reactions

Answer 32

minerals

Question 33

macrominerals are calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, Na, K, and chlloride, true or false

Answer 33

true

Question 34

microminerals or trace elements are iron, copper, ioding, zinc, flouride, true or false

Answer 34

true

Question 35

macrominerals help balance pH in body, acid base balance, true or false

Answer 35

true

Question 36

nerve stimulation rom the parasympathetic system increases the GI tract, true or false

Answer 36

true

Question 37

all biochemical reactions within the cells of the body is called

Answer 37

metabolism

Question 38

building of more complex biochemical substances by synthesis of nutrients is called

Answer 38

anabolism

Question 39

breakdown of biochemical substances into simpler substances occurs during physiological states of negative nitrogen balance is called

Answer 39

catabolism

Question 40

what is physiologically possible when the body is in positive nitrogen balance

Answer 40

metabolism and anabolism

Question 41

the four components to dietary reference intakes (DRI's) are

Answer 41

Estimated average requirement (EAR), recommended dietary allowance (RDA), adequate intake (AI), and tolerable upper intake level (UL)

Question 42

ovolactovegeterian avoids meat, fish and poultry but eats eggs and milk, true or false

Answer 42

true

Question 43

lactovegetarian drinks milk but avoids eggs, true or false

Answer 43

true

Question 44

fruitarian consumes fruit, nuts, honey and olive oil, true or false

Answer 44

true

Question 45

zen macrobiotic consists of brown rice, other grains, and herb teas, true or false

Answer 45

true

Question 46

The subjective global assessment (SGA) uses the patient history, weight, and physical assessment to evaluate nutritional status, true or false

Answer 46

true

Question 47

the mini nutritional assessment (MNA) screens older adults in home care program, nursing homes, and hospitals, true or false

Answer 47

true

Question 48

what is the measurement system of the size and makeup of the body

Answer 48

anthropometry

Question 49

BMI measures weight corrected for height and serves as an alternative to traditional height to weight relationship, true or false

Answer 49

true

Question 50

patient needs to be weighed at the same time each day, on the same scale and with same clothes, true or false

Answer 50

true

Question 51

1 pint or 500ml o fluid = 1lb, true or false

Answer 51

true

Question 52

to calculate BMI divide the kg by height meters squared, true or false

Answer 52

true

Question 53

nitrogen balance calculated by dividing 6.25 into total grams of protein ingested in a day (24 hrs), true or false

Answer 53

true

Question 54

factors that affect serum albumin levels include: hydrations, hemorrhage, renal or hepatic disease, large amounts of drainage from wounds, burns or the GI tract, true or false

Answer 54

true

Question 55

difficulty swallowing is called

Answer 55

dysphagia

Question 56

enteral tube feeding consists of nasogastric, jejunal and gastric tubes, true or false

Answer 56

true

Question 57

if patient is at risk for gastric reflux, jejunal feeding is preferred, true or false

Answer 57

true

Question 58

nasogastric or nasojejunal feeding tubes used for less than 4 weeks, true or false

Answer 58

true

Question 59

a specific nutritional therapy usage for treating illness, injury or a certain condition is called

Answer 59

medical nutrition therapy ( MNT)