Nail matrix

Question 1

Mantle

Answer 1

Pocket like structure, holds the root and matrix

Question 2

Nail matrix

Answer 2

Active tissue that generates the cells, which harden as they move outward forming the nail plate

Question 3

Nail root

Answer 3

Attached to matrix at the base of nail under the skin inside the mantle.

Question 4

Nail bed

Answer 4

Area of the nail which the nail body tests, nerves and blood supply found here, specialized ligaments attach the nail bed to the bone.

Question 5

Nail plate

Answer 5

Nail body, visible nail are from nail root to free edge, made of layers no nerves or blood vessels

Question 6

Lunula

Answer 6

Half moon shape at the base of the nail, visit part of matrix.

Question 7

Eponychium

Answer 7

Live tissue at the base of the nail

Question 8

Cuticle

Answer 8

Overlapping dead tissue, loose and pliable around the nail

Question 9

Nail grooves

Answer 9

Tracks on either side of the nail that the nail moves on as it grows

Question 10

Sidewalls

Answer 10

Folds of skin on either side of the nail groove

Question 11

Perionychium

Answer 11

Living tissue that overlies the nail plate on the sides of the nail

Question 12

Free edge

Answer 12

Part of the nail that extends beyond the finger or toe, protects the tips of the fingers and toes

Question 13

Hyponychium

Answer 13

Living tissue underneath the free edge of the nail.

Question 14

Onychosis

Answer 14

It’s an disease, disorder or condition of the nail

Question 15

Etiology

Answer 15

It’s a cause of the disease, systemic,environmental,disease-related

Question 16

6 signs of infection

Answer 16

Pain,swelling,redness,local fever, throbbing, pus.

Question 17

Onychomycosis

Answer 17

Fungus, disease-related can result from a nail injury invaded by fungus.

Question 18

Tinea manus

Answer 18

Appears as rings containing tiny blisters, dark pink to reddish in color, can have dry flakes

Question 19

Tinea Pedis

Answer 19

Fungus disease-related, itching and peeling on feet.

Question 20

Paronychia

Answer 20

Red,swollen, sore, warm to touch, can lose the nail.

Question 21

Onychoptosis

Answer 21

Causing problem is cured the nail will grow.

Question 22

Onychia

Answer 22

Bacterial infection, disease related, inflammation of the nail matrix red, swollen nail may stop growing.

Question 23

Onychatrophia

Answer 23

Nail shrinks in size and may separate from nail bed. the nail may improve in 3 to 6 months.

Question 24

Onycholysis

Answer 24

Loosening of the nail plate starting at the free edge and processing to the lunula. nail doesn’t come off,stays attached at root area

Question 25

Blue nails

Answer 25

Blue color in skin under nails can be corrected if cause is eliminated common in older people

Question 26

Eggshell nails

Answer 26

Very thin, soft almost see thro, transparent

Question 27

Corrugations

Answer 27

Horizontal wavy rinses across nail.It may grow out and disappear.

Question 28

Kolionychia

Answer 28

Nail with a concave shape.systemic or long term illness, nerve disturbance.

Question 29

Furrows

Answer 29

Injury to matrix that causes cells to reproduce unevenly can be nutrition, injury or illness related.

Question 30

Onychogryposis

Answer 30

Increased thickness and curving of the nail that may accur with age or injury to nail.

Question 31

Onychocryptosis

Answer 31

Ingrown nails.If the nail grows into edge of the nail groove cutting the skin or becomes deeply infected.

Question 32

Melanonychia

Answer 32

Increased pigmentation results in darker bands that run the length of the nail.

Question 33

Onychauxis

Answer 33

Thickening of nail plate or an abnormal outgrowth of nail.

Question 34

Agnails or Hangnails

Answer 34

Skin breaks at corners of nails can be Troy with cuticle nippers and may heal in 2-3 days can be reoccurring.

Question 35

Bruised nails or splinter Hemorrhages

Answer 35

Discoloration under nail,normal nail growth will continue bruised area will grow out with nail.

Question 36

Leukonychia

Answer 36

A small separation from the nail bed, grows out the nail.

Question 37

Pterygium

Answer 37

Excess living skin that can remain attached to the nail plate and disrupt normal nail growth.

Question 38

Beau’s Lines

Answer 38

Nail returns to normal after trauma.

Question 39

Onychophagy

Answer 39

If biting stops nail will regrow may be sensitive to touch, nail plate appears flat and may be deformed until an entire nail has regrown from the matrix

Question 40

Onychorrhexis

Answer 40

Easily recognizable file with emery board carefully may be a permanent condition.