name the blood problem

Question 1

BCR-ABL1 t(9;22) mutation

Answer 1

CML (can be ALL)
(philadelphia chromosome translocation-fusion mutation)

Question 2

treatment for bcr-abl1

Answer 2

imatinib

Question 3

bimodal age distribution leumkaemia (<2 and older people)

Answer 3

AML

Question 4

triad of leukaemia clinical features:

Answer 4

anaemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia

Question 5

peripheral blasts >20%

Answer 5

ALL (/AML)

Question 6

blood film: blebs

Answer 6

ALL

Question 7

blood film: auer rod

Answer 7

AML

Question 8

T(15;17) mutation

Answer 8

APML

Question 9

ATRA (all-trans retinoic acid):

Answer 9

APML

Question 10

JAK2 mutation

Answer 10

essential thrombocythaemia, PCV, myelofibrosis

Question 11

platelet count >450 consistently:

Answer 11

essential thrombocythaemia

Question 12

venesection treatment is used for:

Answer 12

PCV & haemachromatosis

Question 13

tear drop poikilocytes

Answer 13

myelofibrosis

Question 14

blood film: smear / smudge cells

Answer 14

CLL

Question 15

richter transformation:

Answer 15

CLL -> diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Question 16

lead poisoning can cause:

Answer 16

MDS

Question 17

painful lymph nodes when drinking alcohol:

Answer 17

hodgkins lymphoma

Question 18

mediastinal lymph node enlargement:

Answer 18

hodgkins lymphoma

Question 19

blood film: reed sternburg cells (owl eyes)

Answer 19

hodgkins lymphoma

Question 20

centroblasts on lymph node biopsy:

Answer 20

follicular lymphoma

Question 21

t(14;18) translocation

Answer 21

follicular lymphoma (fusion of BCL2 gene)

Question 22

t(11;14) translocation

Answer 22

mantle cell lymphoma (overexpression of cyclin D1)

Question 23

most common high grade lymphoma

Answer 23

diffuse large b-cell lymphoma (DLBL)

Question 24

‘starry sky’ appearance on histology

Answer 24

burkitts lymphoma

Question 25

t(8;14) translocation

Answer 25

burkitts lymphoma

Question 26

strong association with ebv + hiv

Answer 26

burkitts lymphoma

Question 27

HTLV-1 association

Answer 27

t-cell non-hodgkins lympoma

Question 28

caused by sjogrens

Answer 28

parotid MALT lymphoma

Question 29

caused by h. pylori

Answer 29

gastric MALT lymphoma

Question 30

clonal bone marrow plasma cells in marrow

Answer 30

myeloma

Question 31

any one of CRABs:

Answer 31

multiple myeloma
(hyperCalcaemia, Renal dysfunction, Anaemia, Bone lesions)

Question 32

> 10% clonal bone marrow plasma cells in bone marrow

Answer 32

smouldering myeloma / MM

Question 33

<10% clonal bone marrow plasma cells in bone marrow

Answer 33

MGUS

Question 34

old man, FLAWS, lots of IgM

Answer 34

lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma (waldenstroms macroglobulinaemia)

Question 35

blood film: rouleaux formation

Answer 35

myeloma

Question 36

bence jones in urine

Answer 36

myeloma

Question 37

paraprotein >30g/L

Answer 37

smouldering myeloma / MM

Question 38

lack of spectrin:

Answer 38

hereditary elliptocytosis & spherocytosis

Question 39

cns & testicular involvement?

Answer 39

ALL

Question 40

eosin-5-maleimide (EMA) test is used for:

Answer 40

hereditary spherocytosis

Question 41

heinz bodies

Answer 41

G6PD (& chronic liver disease)

Question 42

pattern of inheritance G6PD?

Answer 42

x-recessive

Question 43

drugs to be avoided in G6PD?

Answer 43

anti-malarials, sulfonamides, nitrofurantoin, dapsone, aspirin & NSAIDS (less severe)
fava beans?

Question 44

thrombocytosis >600

Answer 44

essential thrombocythaemia

Question 45

bone marrow aspirate: dry tap

Answer 45

primary myelofibrosis

Question 46

aspirin / hydrox