Names Of People from every tudor rule

Question 1

Consolidation of power Chapter 1

Question 2

Lord Thomas Stanley

Answer 2

Henry Vii’s stepfather and stood aside Henry in battle of Bosworth
- He was rewarded with Earl of Derby
Derby key to exercise Royal power in the Northwest

Question 3

Edward Earl of Warwick

Answer 3

Son of Edward IV’s brother, Duke of Clarence, placed in tower of London in 1485 and then alleged to have plotted with Perkin Warbeck and executed in 1499

Question 4

Sir William Stanely

Answer 4

Brother of Thomas Stanely
- Was rewarded with the post of Lord Chamberlain following Bosworth
- Considerable political influence
- Later accused of treason

Question 5

Lambert Simnel

Answer 5

Boy from Oxford who was tutored by Richard Symonds and impersonated Richard Duke Of York (younger of the two princes in the tower)
-Simnel was captured but spared by Henry and made to work in the royal kitchens

Question 6

John de la Pole Earl of LIncon

Answer 6

Nephew of Richard III and Edward IV and was the main successor of the Yorkist throne
-Regarded as Yorkist leader straight after Bosworth
-Died during the battle of stoke 1487

Question 7

Henry VII Government Chapter 2

Question 8

John Morton

Answer 8

Churchman and Lawyer
Began public career and passionate Lancastrian but made peace with Edward IV under whom he became Bishop of Ely
He worked against Richard III and promoted by Henry to Archbishop of Canterbury in 1486
Became a Cardinal in 1493

Question 9

Sir Reginald Bray

Answer 9

Faithful servant of Henry Tudor
Helped Henry raise funds for Bosworth
Role was Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
Lead the Learned in Law
Described by Thomas Penn as the ‘Kings cheif executive’

Question 10

Margaret Beaufort

Answer 10

Henry Tudors Mother
Third Husband was Lord Thomas Stanely
Remained an important unofficial advisor to the King
Retained her political influence throughout her sons reign
Her ability to intervene in political affairs was limited as she spent much of her time keeping her lavish household

Question 11

Sir Richard Empson

Answer 11

Empson was a member of the Kings council form 1494
Eventually chaired the council learned
Identified closely with the ruthlessness of Henry VII’s reign, was arrested shortly after the King’s death and charged with treason and executed 1510

Question 12

Edmund Dudley

Answer 12

Came to prominence following the death of Reginald Bray.
He was exploiting financial opportunities
Therefore became vulnerable once the King had died and once the King had died he became accountable for the King’s demands

Question 13

England Foreign relations Chapter 3

Question 14

Maximilian I

Answer 14

Holy Roman Emperor from 1493-1519
In 1477 married Mary of Burgundy and through her gained control of the Netherlands (England’s main trading partner)

Question 15

Charles VIII

Answer 15

King of France from 1483-1498 and his main concern was to assert his claim to the throne of the kingdom of Naples in the Italian Peninsula. This reduced any threat from Charles to Henry VII

Question 16

James IV

Answer 16

Ruler of Scotland from 1488-1513
Responsible for the invasion of England in 1496, made peace the following year
Married Henry’s daughter Margaret
Killed at the Battle of Flodden

Question 17

Gearld Fitzgerald Earl of Kildare

Answer 17

‘The uncrowned King of Ireland’ as he was the leading member of the Irish Nobility
Henry became dependent upon Kildare for the maintenance of law and order in Ireland

Question 18

English society Chapter 4

Question 19

John de Vere Earl of Oxford

Answer 19

Henry’s most trusted military commander and led his troops at the battle of Bosworth and Stoke

Question 20

Giles Daubeney

Answer 20

Was originally a Yorkist but rebelled against Richard III in 1483 to Brittany and transferred his loyalty to Henry VII for whom he fought at bosworth for
He lead crown’s defence against the Cornish rebellion 1497
Succeeded Sir William Stanely as the Lord Chamberlain 1495

Question 21

Richard Fox

Answer 21

Began serving Henry VII when he was still in exile
1487 Fox became the bishop of Exeter and Lord Keeper of the Great seal
He became successively Bishop of Bath and Wells, Durham and Winchester
Along with John Morton managed crown’s transition for Henry VII to VIII

Question 22

Polydore Vergil

Answer 22

Italian Humanist who came to England in 1502 in the employ of the church and was welcomed to the court of Henry VII and began writing his ‘history of England’ in 1505

Question 23

Economic Development Chapter 5

Question 24

John Cabot

Answer 24

A merchant in the Vetetian spice trade before moving to Spain where he was a harbour designer.
Arrived in Bristol in 1494-95
Looking for new waters as being excluded from hanseatic league
Found the ‘Newfoundland’ set off for second voyage and got lost and never returened.

Question 25

Religion, Humanism, arts and learning chapter 6

Question 26

John Colet

Answer 26

Travelled to Italy and was influenced by humanist ideas there. He became Dean at St Paul's and refounded St Paul's school in 1512. One surviving sermon was critical of standards of the clergy. His views foreshadowed those who favour the growth of Protestantism

Question 27

Sir Thomas More

Answer 27

Lawyer and humanist scholar and the author of utopia A valued councillor to Henry VIII and was appointed Lord Chancellor on the fall of Wolsey in 1529 but resigned in 1532 in despair at Henry's religious changes. Executed for treason and denied royal supremacy

Question 28

Desiderius Erasmus

Answer 28

Dutch scholar whose influencial book The Handbook of a Christian Soldier in 1504 sought to regenerate Christianity through emphasis on education and rejection of some of the Church's traditional services. His satirical works were highly critical of the abuses of the Church

Question 29

Character and AIms of Henry VIII Chapter 7

Question 30

Thomas Wolsey

Answer 30

Became royal almoner upon Henry VIII's succession Came to Henry's attention through his organisational abilities. Inter posting himself between the King and experienced councillors who were frozen out from serious influence. He became Archbishop of York and Cardinal in 1514 and Lord chancellor in 1515

Question 31

Henry VIII government and parliament chapter 8

Question 32

Thomas cromwell

Answer 32

Rose from humble background and became a lawyer and secretary of Wolsey and then Principal secretary to Henry VIII. Cromwell was the one who suggested Henry became head of church of England. Masterminded dissolution of the monasteries Executed 28 July 1540

Question 33

Stephen Gardiner

Answer 33

Progressed initially under wolsey, became principal secretary to Henry VIII and then Bishop of Winchester Supported break wth Rome but retained conservative catholic views, this lead to imprisonment under Edward VI but returned to favour under Mary and was appointed Lord Chancellor

Question 34

Thonmas Wriothesley

Answer 34

Owed his advancement to Cromwell's patronage. Appointed principal secretary in 1540 survived Cromwell's downfall and attached himself to Gardiner. Appointed Lord Chancellor in 1544 Switched again when involved in the downfall of Norfolk in 1546

Question 35

Jane Seymour

Answer 35

Lady in waiting to both Catherine of Aragon and Anne Boleyn. Married Henry 30 May 1536 gave birth to prince Edward 12 september 1537 and then died 24 October 1537

Question 36

William Warham

Answer 36

Archbishop of Cantenbury from 1503 and a councillor under Henry VII lost political influence under Henry VIII

Question 37

Thomas Cranmer

Answer 37

A Cambridge academic who came to Henry's attention through Collectanea Satis Copiosa. Became Archbishop of Cantenbury Through his relationship with the Duke of Northumberland in Edward VI reign was uneasy Burnt for heresy under Catholic Mary I

Question 38

Edward Seymour

Answer 38

Marquis of Hertford and later Duke of Somerset A soldier became very influential towards the end of Henry's reign and was Lord protector to Edward before his own downfall 1549

Question 39

Foreign relations and securing succession Chapter 9

Question 40

Francis I

Answer 40

Reigned from 1515-1547 as he succeeded Louis XII. He and Henry intense rivals Sometimes came together as both were suspicious about Emperor Charles V

Question 41

Charles V

Answer 41

Was successively Duke of Burgundy, King of Spain from 1516 to 1556 and also Holy Roman Emperor from 1519 to 1556. This made him most dominant ruler in western Europe. He was the nephew of Henry VIII's first wife Catherine of Aragon

Question 42

English society in reign of Henry VIII Chapter 10

Question 43

John Russel

Answer 43

He was the Earl of Bedford Served Henry VIII as a diplomat and soldier and later became a councillor in 1536. Following the fall of Henry Courtenay, Russel was granted a huge amount of monastic lands in Devon to bolster royal supporter in the south west

Question 44

Henry Courtenay

Answer 44

He was the Marquess of Exeter Grandson of Edward IV. He had,had a close relationship with Henry but his identification with the Aragonese faction and his enmity towards cromwell strained the relationship

Question 45

Robert Aske

Answer 45

Led the pilgramiage of Grace and devised its name which gave its distinctive religious flavour Turned varied movements into a cohesive whole. Tried to negotitate with the King but was executed as there was an outbreak of a renewed rebellion in January 1537

Question 46

Economic development Chapter 11

Question 47

Sebastian Cabot

Answer 47

Under Henry VIII, Cabot was involved in discussions about English exploration and trade but spent much of his career in Spain. Later, he returned to England during the reign of Edward VI and became the governor of the Muscovy Company, promoting trade with Russia.

Question 48

Religion ideas and reform Chapter 12

Question 49

Richard Hunne (his murder)

Answer 49

Hunne got into a legal dispute with the Church over mortuary fees (a payment owed to the Church upon someone's death). He refused to pay for his infant son's funeral, leading to a confrontation with clergy. This escalated, and he was accused of heresy. In 1514, he was imprisoned in the Lollards' Tower at St. Paul's Cathedral, where he was later found dead. The Church claimed it was suicide, but strong evidence suggested he had been murdered—likely by clerics trying to silence him. His death caused a major scandal, fuelling anti-clerical sentiment in England. This was one of the early events that built tension between the Crown and the Church, leading toward Henry VIII's later break with Rome.

Question 50

Martin Luther

Answer 50

A German monk who challenged the catholic church teaching on salvation in 1517. His challenge broadened onto an attack on papal supremacy. He gained support of many secular rulers in Germany who withdrew their territories from allegiance to Catholicism