Naming Compounds Flashcards
(145 cards)
1
Q
What is (NH3)?
A
Ammonia
2
Q
What does a Roman Numeral indicate?
A
The charge (of the cation)
3
Q
How do you calculate the amount of moles in an element/compound when only given the mass (g)?
A
moles = mass/molar mass
4
Q
What is the molar mass of CO2?
A
C=12.01
O= 2(16.00)
MM= 44.01 moles
5
Q
what is avogadro’s number?
A
6.02 x 10^23
6
Q
How to you go from grams to moles of a substance?
A
Divide the grams by the molar mass of substance
7
Q
How do you go from moles to grams of a substance?
A
Multiply by the moles of singular substance by the molar mass of total substance
8
Q
How do you go from moles to numbers of atoms/molecules of a substance?
A
Multiply moles of substance by avogadro’s number and number of atoms/molecules.
9
Q
How do you go from atoms/molecules of a substance to moles?
A
Divide by avogadro’s number.
10
Q
What is aluminum sulfide?
A
Al2S3
11
Q
What is the chemical formula for THC?
A
C21H30O2
12
Q
What is the conversion from μg to g?
A
1μg = 10^-6 g
13
Q
What is methane?
A
CH4
14
Q
What indicates charge?
A
Roman Numerals
15
Q
What group are the metals that form only ONE CATION (only one possible charge)?
A
group 1A and 2A and Al^3+ (group 3A)
Transition metal ions Ag^+ (group 1B), Zn^2+ (group 2B) and Cd^2+ (group 2B) mostly form only ONE CATION in most situations.
16
Q
Roman numerals indicate what?
A
The charge of ions
17
Q
Cations formed from molecules composed of NONMETAL ATOMS have names that end in what?
A
-ium
18
Q
Molecules that end in -ium are what?
A
Cations formed from molecules composed of NONMETAL ATOMS have names that end in -ium.
19
Q
What’s charge of 1+ with a formula of H^+?
A
Hydrogen ion
20
Q
What is H^+?
A
Hydrogen ion
21
Q
Li^+ (1+ charge) is called?
A
Lithium ion
22
Q
Na^+ (1+ charge) is?
A
Sodium ion
23
Q
K^+ (1+ charge)
A
Potassium ion
24
Q
Cs^+
A
Cesium Ion (1+ charge)
25
Ag^+
Silver ion (1+ charge)
26
Mg^2+
Magnesium ion (2+ charge)
27
Ca^2+
Calcium ion (2+ charge)
28
Sr^2+
Strontium ion (2+ charge)
29
Ba^2+
Barium ion (2+ charge)
30
Zn^2+
Zinc ion (2+ charge)
31
Cd^2+
Cadmium ion (2+ charge)
32
Al^3+
Aluminum ion (3+ charge)
33
NH4^+
Ammonium ion (1+ charge)
34
Cu^+
Copper (I)
OR
cuprous ion (1+ charge)
35
Co^2+
Cobalt (II)
OR
Cobaltous ion (2+ charge)
36
Cu^2+
Copper (II) or
cupric ion (2+ charge)
37
Fe^2+
Iron (II) or ferrous iron
38
Mn^2+
Maganese (II) or
maganous ion (2+ charge)
39
Hg2^2+
mercury (I) or
mercuric ion (2+ charge)
40
Ni^2+
nickel (II) or
nickelous ion (2+ charge)
41
Pb^2+
Lead (II) or
plumbous ion (2+ charge)
42
Sn^2+
Tin (II) or
stannous ion
43
Cr^3+
chromium (III) or chromic ion
44
Fe^3+
iron (III) or
ferric ion
45
H-
hydride ion (anion)
46
O^2-
oxide ion
47
N^3-
nitride ion
48
OH^-
hydroxide ion
49
CN^-
cyanide ion
50
O2^2-
peroxide ion
51
NO3^-
niTRATE ion
52
NO2^-
NitrITE ion
53
SO4^2-
SulfATE ion
54
SO3^2-
SulfITE ion
55
ClO4^-
PERchlorATE ion
(one more O atom than chlorate)
56
ClO3^-
chlorATE ion
57
ClO2^-
ChlorITE ion (one O atom FEWER than CHLORATE —> what is chlorate?)
chlorate ion= ClO3^-
58
ClO^-
HYPOchlorITE ion (one O atom FEWER than chlorITE —> what is chlorITE?)
chlorite ion = ClO2^-
59
What is C?
carbon
60
What is F?
Flourine
61
What is H?
Hydrogen
62
What is I?
Iodine
63
What is N?
Nitrogen
64
What is O?
Oxygen
65
What is P?
Phosphorous
66
What is S?
Sulfur
67
What is Al?
Aluminum
68
What is Br?
Bromine
69
What is calcium?
Ca
70
What is chlorine?
Cl
71
What is Helium?
He
72
What is Li?
Lithium
73
What is Mg?
Magnesium
74
What is Si?
Silicon
75
What is copper?
Cu
76
What is iron?
Fe
77
What is Lead?
Pb
78
What is Hg?
Mercury
79
What is Potassium?
K
80
What is silver?
Ag
81
What is sodium?
Na
82
What is tin?
Sn
83
name and abbreviation of length in SI Units?
Meter / m
84
name and abbreviation of mass in SI Units?
Kilogram / kg
85
name and abbreviation of temperature in SI units?
Kelvin / K
86
name and abbreviation of time in SI units?
second / s or sec
87
name and abbreviation of amount of substance in SI units?
mole / mol
88
How do you name an IONIC compound?
Cation name + anion name (-ide ending), PREDICT CHARGE
89
How do you name an acidic ionic compound?
H acts as cation, naming differs by type of oxyacid or binary acid
90
How do you name an oxyacid?
Hydrogen + polyatomic ion
WHAT I ATE MADE ME SIC
THE SNAKE BITE WAS POISONOUS
91
How do you name a binary acid?
Hydrogen + single nonmetal
Hydro______IC ACID
92
How do you name a molecular compound?
nonmetal + nonmetal (no overall charge)
standard
—> nonmetal + nonmetal -ide ending
diatomic
big 7 just called the element name
93
How do you convert grams to moles?
divide by molar mass
94
how do you convert moles to grams?
multiply by the molar mass
95
what is molar mass?
amu x amount of molecules
96
moles to number of atoms/molecules?
moles x avo. #
97
number of atoms/molecules to moles?
number of atoms/molecules divided by avo #
98
what is molecular formula weight?
molecular weight / empirical weight
molecular = given
empirical = EMPIRICAL (total mass x molecules)
99
what is density?
d = m/v
100
what are elements?
cannot be broken down into any simpler substance
101
what are compounds?
substances made of two or more elements
102
what is a homogenous mixture?
a mixture who’s composition is UNIFORM throughout
(alloy, air, solutions, wine)
103
what is a heterogenous mixture?
a mixture who’s composition is NOT uniform throughout
(granite, sand + water, smog, “cookie”)
104
physical properties/changes?
properties that can be observed without changes to the substances or composition (a change in appearance but NOT composition)
105
chemical properties?
properties based on how a substance reacts; undergoes a transformation into a different substance.
106
evaporation of rubbing alcohol is what type of property change?
physical
107
burning of lamp oil is what type of property?
chemical
108
bleaching hair is what type of property change?
chemical
109
formation of frost on cold night is what type of property change?
physical
110
what is filtration?
separates mixtures of solids and liquids
111
what is distillation?
separates mixtures based on boiling point.
112
atomic number is what?
at the top
113
atomic weight on periodic table is where?
at the bottom (averaged)
114
horizontal = ?
periods
115
vertical = ?
groups
116
metals are where?
near the left
117
nonmetals are where?
near the right
118
metalloids are where?
the ladder area
119
what group are Alkali Metals?
Group 1A - HIGHLY REACTIVE
120
group of alkali earth metals?
group 2A - LESS REACTIVE
121
halogens are group what?
group 7A - mostly gases
122
transition metals are group what?
Groups 3B - 2B —> UNEASY TO PREDICT (middle chunk)
123
what group are nobel gases?
group 8A - monoatomic(one atom) and NONREACTIVE
124
chemical formula does what?
determines the # of each ATOM in the molecule using SUBSCRIPTS
125
what do empirical formulas do?
show the ratio of atoms in a compound (percent wise)
126
what are ionic compounds?
compounds formed between a metal and nonmetal. bonded thru electron transfer
127
what are molecular compounds?
compounds formed between nonmetals and bonded through electron SHARING.
128
alkaline earth metals typically form ions w a what charge?
2+ charge
129
polyatomic prefixes? IN ORDER?
mono
di
tri
tetra
penta
hex’s
hepta
octa
nona
deca
130
Name H3PO4 and identity the type of molecule
acid —> oxyacid —> phosphoric acid
131
Name HCl
binary acid —> hydrochloric acid
132
What is hypochlorite acid?
HClO (hypochlorite + O)
133
What is Hydroiodic acid?
binary —> HI
(binary gets the hydro and ICK)
134
binary gives the what?
THE ICK (hydro before)
135
what i ate made me sick
the snake bite was poisonous
ATE = IC
ITE = OUS
136
what are the big 7?
EXCEPTIONS FOR PREFIXES
Hydrogen (H2)
Nitrogen (N2)
Oxygen (O2)
Flourine (O2)
Chlorine (Cl2)
Bromine (Br2)
Iodine (I2)
137
combustion reaction?
two or more reagents form one product
A+B —> C
138
decomposition reaction?
one reagent produces two or more products
A —> B+C
139
combustion reaction often produces..
flame and is rapid; O2 is many times a reagent and CO2 and H2O are products.
140
how do you find percent yield?
(actual / theoretical) x 100
141
what’s the how to empirical poem?
percent to mass
mass to mole
divide by small
multiply til whole
142
# of neutrons changing makes an ion what
an isotope
143
positive charge; what happens to electrons?
LOSE ELECTRONS
144
how do u identify an oxyacid?
if it has H and Oxygen and one other element in it.
145
how do you identify a binary acid?
if it has H and a nonmetal
