Nanotechnology Flashcards
(46 cards)
The idea of manipulating and controlling things on an extremely small scale
NANOTECHNOLOGY
Understanding and control of matter at dimensions between approx. 1 and 100 nanometers (according to National Nanotechnology Initiative)
NANOTECHNOLOGY
Study of phenomena and fine-tuning of materials at atomic, molecular, and macromolecular scales; properties differ from those at larger scale
NANOTECHNOLOGY
Technology working with and producing things at atomic level
NANOTECHNOLOGY
__________ use atoms and molecules to design new materials that have improved or new properties
Nanotechnologists
2 key ideas of nanotechnology
- size matters
- nanomaterials possess unique properties
key idea of nanotechnology:
* structures exists at nanoscopic scale
* have dimensions between 1 to 100 nanometers
* can be identified as particles, tubes, wires, films, flakes, or shells
Size matters
Key idea of nanotechnology:
* properties of materials at nano level differ from the properties of materials in bulk forms
* nanomaterials have greater surface area, resulting to increased chemical reactivity
* decreasing size of particles is related to changes in particle’s magnetic, optical, and electrical properties
* possess special size-dependent properties such as color, fluorescence, melting point, and chemical reactivity which can be used for plenty of purposes
Nanomaterials have unique properties
Benefits of nanotechnology in ___________:
* has developed and can have promising contributions in diagnostics, drug delivery, molecular imaging, and tissue welding among others — LAB-ON-A-CHIP
Medicine
- made up of a clear silicone microfluidic chamber
- developed by researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine
- provide faster, cheaper, and far more accurate results than any other available diagnostic equipment
LAB-ON-A-CHIP
- Dr Robert Haddon used this as a material scaffolding to hold up regenerating bone
- could lead to:
- improved flexibility and strength of artificial bone
- new types of bond grafts
- advancement for methods for osteoporosis
SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES
_____________ used single-walled carbon nanotubes as a material scaffolding to hold up regenerating bone
Dr Robert Haddon
- Generated from iron oxide nanoparticles by Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology (CBEN)
- can be used as waste treatment and water purification
FERROXANE MEMBRANE
Catalysts that can significantly reduce the polluting by-products generated in the production of paints, household detergents and automotive brake fluids
SILVER NANOCLUSTERS
Heterogenous materials comprising multiple different phase domains
nano composites
Exhibit good gas-barrier properties, barrier properties against visible and UV light
Nano composites
Brighter, thinner, lighter, flexible, easier to produce, can be made to larger sizes, and consume less power
Organic light-emitting diodes
Able to “boot” almost instantly, can quickly and effectively save data during a system shutdown
Magnetic random access memory
Forming conductive lines, and print prototype circuit boards
Silver nanoparticle ink
____________ is not widely available to many people around the world
energy
- Nobel laureate
- have said that energy tops the list of the top 10 problems facing humanity over the next 50 years
Richard E. Smalley
Key to achieving a sustainable energy future
Advances in nanotechnology
- Improved storage capacity
- increased lifespan and find use in electric vehicles
Nano optimized lithium-ion batteries
- photovoltaic cells that convert any visible light into electrical energy
- make use of sensitizers with a broad absorption band coupled with nanocrystalline titanium oxide
- imitate the process of photosynthesis in green plants
Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) or Gratzel Cells
