Napoleon Chapter 1 Flashcards
What were the main features of the constitution of 1799?
Universal suffrage but this was so indirect
Democratic involvement in elections w as minimal
There were no elections just presentations of candidates suitable For appointments as deputies and choice of candidates was restricted to notables
when did Napoleon become first consul + what his role?
1799-1804
Napoleon created his own role as head of France
What did the plebiscite of 1800 show? + what was it
French people voted the ratification of the new constitution
Official results showed 3,011,007 voted in favour with 1562 against
Ballot was not secret and intimidation affected results in some areas
What was special about Senators and how did that work in Napoleons favour?
They were appointed for life and he used his power to fill the Senate with his own appointments
What was approved by the Senate on 18 May 1804?
That Napoleon be declared Emperor or French and that it be hereditary
When was Napoleon and Josephine crowned emperor and empress?
2 December 1804 at Notre Dame
What changes to government occurred after Napoelons crowning at emperor in 1804?
During next 2-3 years the Tribunate and Legislatire were barely consulted
Tribunate was abolished in1808
Legislatire served loyally to Napoleon
Government increasingly conducted through the Senate and Council both firmly under Napoleon
Who were the minister of finances and at the treasury in 1799?
Gaudin
What were early financial reforms in 1799?
- Clearer division of roles between ministry of finances overseeing tax collection + dealing with govt expenditure
- Reorganisation of both direct and indirect tax collection
- First steps to establishing public banking system
Where Gaudins most important reforms ?
- formed a central tax collecting organisation
- ensured land tax was payed evenly
What continued to be main source of revenue ?
Land tax
When was the bank of France created ?
Jan 1800
When was the new currency introduced? And what was it?
March 1803 introduced the franc de germinal
- stabilised French currency
When was the civil code introduced + what was it?
March 1804
- basis of social policy and statute law
How did Napoleon reform education
- created a common curriculum - centralised education to his own power
- militaristic focus
- created a system of meritocracy (mainly seen in the army)
