Nasal Pathology

Question 1

What resp condition are nasal polyps assoc. with?

Answer 1

Asthma

Question 2

What are nasal polyps?

Answer 2

Hyperplasia of resp epithelium in nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses

Question 3

How are nasal polyps diagnosed/managed?

What patients should be referred to ENT?

Answer 3

Imaging - CT/Endoscopy

STEROID NASAL SPRAY
Surgery

All patients with suspected nasal polyps

Question 4

How is smell affected with nasal polyps?

Answer 4

Obstructive smell problem

Air can’t reach the olfactory epi/olfactory bulb

Question 5

What is the most common malignant nasal tumour?

Answer 5

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 6

What tumour can cause blocked nose symptoms?

Answer 6

Sinonasal papilloma - v rarely malignant

Question 7

What nasal tumour has a very high association with EB virus and salty/smoked foods?

Answer 7

Nasopharygeal carcinoma

Question 8

What small vessel vasculitis is associated with asthma, saddle nose deformity (septal perforation) and kidney problems?

How is it diagnosed?

Answer 8

GPA - granulomatosis with polyangitis

Biopsy of blood vessel
ANCA +ve
cANCA specific

Question 9

How is allergic rhinitis managed?

Answer 9

Fexofrenadine - antihistamine

Question 10

Does allergic rhinitis cause runny or blocked nose?

Answer 10

Both

Question 11

What condition is typically preceded by rhinitis?

Answer 11

Sinusitis

Question 12

What drug sensitivity is associated with nasal polyps?

Answer 12

Aspirin

Question 13

Are polyps normally bilateral or unilateral?

Answer 13

Bilateral

Unilateral = red flag