NASM PES FINAL TEST Flashcards
(127 cards)
1
Q
DURING A PLYOMETRIC EXERCISE, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING VARIABLES DOES NOT AFFECT THE ABILITY OF THE MUSCLE TO UTILIZE STORED ENERGY?
- MUSCLE SIZE
- VELOCITY OF STRETCH
- DURATION OF PLYOMETRIC ACTION
- MAGNITUDE OF STRETCH
A
MUSCLE SIZE
2
Q
TRAINING WITH OPTIMAL POSTURE WILL LEAD TO WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CONSEQUENCES?
- INCREASED FORCE PRODUCTION
- TISSUE OVERLOAD
- MUSCLE IMBALANCES
- JOINT DYSFUNCTION
A
INCREASED FORCE PRODUCTION
3
Q
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ENERGY SUBSTRATES IS NOT UTILIZED IN AEROBIC METABOLISM
- CREATINE PHOSPHATE
- FATTY ACIDS
- GLUCOS
- GLYCOGEN
A
CREATINE PHOSPHATE
*THIS ENERGY IS UTILIZED IN THE ATP-PC ENERGY PATHWAY, WHICH IS PART OF THE ANAEROBIC ENERGY SYSTEM.
4
Q
AN ATHLETE SENSING THAT THEIR KNEES ARE COLLAPSING IN DURING A BOX JUMP WITH STABILIZATION REACTS BY PUSHING THEM LATERALLY. THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF WHAT ASPECT OF MOTOR BEHAVIOR?
- PROPRIOCEPTION
- MOTOR LEARNING
- SENSORIMOTOR INTEGRATION
- MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
A
SENSORIMOTOR INTEGRATION
5
Q
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING EFFECTS OF AGING CAN LEAD TO A DECREASE IN FLEXIBILITY?
- CONNECTIVE TISSUE HYPERTROPHY
- INCREASE RISK OF FALLS
- ALTERED LENGTH TENSION RELATIONSHIP
- LOSS OF GROUND SUBSTANCE
A
CONNECTIVE TISSUE HYPERTROPHY
*THE AGING PROCESS LEADS TO A LESS ELASTICITY IN THE MYOFASCIAL SYSTEM
6
Q
A SPORTS PERFORMANCE PROFESSIONAL USES WHICH PIECE OF EQUIPMENT TO MEASURE THE HIP ANGLE DURING THE DOUBLE LEG LOWERING TEST?
- CALIPER
- GONIOMETER
- FLEXOMETER
A
GONIOMETER
7
Q
WHY IS THE BMI A LIMITED MEASURE OF BODY COMPOSITION FOR SOME ATHLETES?
- ATHLETES TEND TO BE HEALTHIER
- ATHLETES TEND TO HAVE LARGE MASSES OF MUSCLE
- ATHLETES TEND TO BE SHORT
A
ATHLETES TEND TO HAVE LARGE MASSES OF MUSCLE
8
Q
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CAN BE DONE TO IMPROVE THE RELIABILITY OF A BLOOD PRESSURE READING?
- USE A VARIETY OF CUFF SIZES
- USE A DIGITAL MEASUREMENT DEVICE
- PERFORM ON A DEHYDRATED ATHLETE
- REPEAT THE PROCEDURE ON THE OTHER ARM
A
REPEAT THE PROCEDURE ON THE OTHER ARM
9
Q
WHEN A SPORTS PERFORMANCE PROFESSIONAL IS DETERMINING VERTICAL JUMP HEIGHT, THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WHICH TWO VARIABLE IS MEASURED?
- THE ATHLETES REACH HEIGHT AND JUMPING REACH HEIGHT
- THE STARTING LINE AND THE ATHLETES HEEL
- THE ATHLETE’S HEIGHT AND JUMP HEIGHT
- THE ATHLETES HEIGHT AND REACHING JUMP HEIGHT
A
-THE ATHLETES REACH HEIGHT AND JUMPING REACH HEIGHT
10
Q
A SPORTS PERFORMANCE COACH WANTS TO MEASURE THE SPEED OF HIS BASKETBALL ATHLETES. WHICH SPORTS PERFORMANCE TEST WOULD BE THE MOST APPROPRIATE FOR THIS POPULATION?
-3/4-COURT SPRINT
30-YARD SPRINT
40-YARD SPRINT
LOWER-EXTREMITY FUNCTIONAL TEST
A
3/4 COURT SPRINT. THIS IS A SPEED AND ACCELERATION ASSESSMENT SPECIFIC FOR THE SPORT OF BASKETBALL
11
Q
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SPORTS PERFORMANCE TESTS WOULD BE THE MOST APPROPRIATE TO MEASURE AN ATHLETE’S ACCELERATION ABILITY?
- 30 YARD SPRINT
- 5-10-5 TEST
- 10-YARD SPRINT
- LOWER EXTREMITY FUNCTIONAL TEST
A
10 YARD SPRINT
- THIS ASSESSMENT IS FOR ACCELERATION AND REACTION CAPABILITIES- THIS TEST DOES NOT ALLOW FOR AN ATHLETE TO REACH THEIR MAXIMUM SPEED
12
Q
A SPORTS PERFORMANCE PROFESSIONAL IS ABOUT TO PERFORM A BATTERY OF ASSESSMENTS WITH A TEAM. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WILL NOT BE ASCERTAINED FROM THESE ASSESSMENTS?
- INFO ABOUT THE ATHLETE’S STRUCTURAL STATUS
- INJURY DIAGNOSIS
- THE ATHLETE’S READINESS FOR ACTIVITY
- INFO ABOUT THE ATHLETES’ FUNCTIONAL STATUS
A
INJURY DIAGNOSIS
*THIS IS OUTSIDE THE SCOPE OF THE SPORTS PERFORMANCE SPECIALIST
13
Q
AN ATHLETE IS DISCOVERED TO BE PRESCRIBED WITH A BRONCHODILATOR FOR THEIR ASTHMA. WHAT EFFECT IS THIS EXPECTED TO HAVE ON THEIR RESTING HEART RATE?
- INCREASED HR
- DECREASED HR
- NO EFFECT
- NONE OF THESE
A
NO EFFECT
*BRONCHODILATORS AFFECT THE PULMONARY SYSTEM, NOT THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.
14
Q
ACCORDING TO THE LANDING ERROR SCORING SYSTEM, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD BE CONSIDERED A LANDING ERROR?
- TRUNK NOT FLEXED AT CONTACT
- SYMMETRIC INITIAL FOOT CONTACT
- KNEE OVER MIDFOOT AT INITIAL CONTACT
- KNEE FLEXION GREATER THAN FORTY-FIVE DEGREES
A
TRUNK NOT FLEXED AT CONTACT
*THE TRUNK SHOULD BE FLEXED TO ABSORB THE FORCE UPON LANDING AND THEN TRANSFER THAT FORCE TO THE SUBSEQUENT JUMP
15
Q
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A PIECE OF OBJECTIVE INFORMATION?
- MEDICAL HX
- RESTING HR
- 40-YARD DASH TIME
- VERTICAL JUMP HEIGHT
A
MEDICAL HX
*THIS IS NOT A PIECE OF MEASURABLE DATA THEREFOR THIS IS CLASSIFIED AS SUBJECTIVE INFORMATION.
16
Q
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CAN GIVE THE PROFESSIONAL THE BEST PREDICTOR OF FUTURE INJURY?
- BELOW AVERAGE ONE-MILE RUN TEST
- PREVIOUS INJURY DISCOVERED DURING THE MEDICAL HX
- POOR OVERHEAD SQUAT ASSESSMENT
- UNHEALTHY BODY COMPOSITION
A
PREVIOUS INJURY DISCOVERED DURING THE MEDICAL HX
17
Q
AFTER PERFORMING A 20-METER MULTISTAGE SHUTTLE TEST, A 21-YEAR-OLD ATHLETE IS DETERMINED TO HAVE A VO2 OF 48. BASED ON THIS RESULT, WHAT LEVEL OF AEROBIC TRAINING WOULD BE APPROPRIATE FOR THIS ATHLETE?
-ZONE1
ZONE2
-ZONE3
-ZONE4
A
ZONE 2
18
Q
WHICH TEST IS BEST TO DETERMINE ACCURATE TRAINING INTENSITIES?
- SKIN-FOLD MEASUREMENT
- 3 TO 5 REPETITION BENCH PRESS
- DOUBLE-LEG VERTICAL JUMP
- PUSH UP TEST
A
3 TO 5 BENCH PRESS
19
Q
WHEN MEASURING SKIN FOLDS FOR THE 4 SITE FAT PERCENTAGE CALCULATION, WHICH SITES USE A HORIZONTAL FOLDS?
- BICEPS
- TRICEPS
- NONE OF THESE
- SUBSCAPULAR
A
NONE OF THESE
*BICEPS/TRICEPS USE VERTICAL FOLDS
SUBSCAPULAR AND ILIAC CREST USE DIAGONAL FOLDS
20
Q
WHICH VIEW IS BEST TO DETERMINE FLATTENING OR ROTATION (OUT) OF THE FEET DURING OVERHEAD SQUAT TEST?
- ANTERIOR
- POSTERIOR
- LATERAL
A
ANTERIOR
21
Q
FOR THE DURNIN-WOMERSLEY BF PERCENTAGE CALCULATION WHICH IS NOT USED?
- BICEPS
- ILIAC CREST
- QUADRICEPS
- SUBSCAPULAR
A
QUADRACEPS
22
Q
WHICH METHOD IS LEAST ACCURATE IN MEASURING BODY COMPOSITION?
- SKIN FOLD
- UNDERWATER WEIGHING
- DEXA SCAN
- BIOELECTRICAL IMPEDENCE
A
BIOELECTRICAL IMPEDENCE
*THIS METHOD IS HIGHLY SENSITIVE TO WATER CONTENT OF THE TISSUE AND THE BODY
23
Q
WHICH WOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED A LANDING ERROR DURING THE ASSESSMENT?
- NOT CHANGING STANCE WIDTH DURING THE LANDING
- A LACK OF PLANTAR FLEXION AT CONTACT
- FAILING TO MAINTAIN VERTICAL TRUNK IN THE FRONTAL PLANE
A
NOT CHANGING STANCE WIDTH DURING THE LANDING.
24
Q
WHERE IS THE MEASUREMENT FOR THE TRICEPS SKIN FOLD TAKEN?
A
HALFWAY BETWEEN THE SHOULDER AND THE ELBOW ON THE POSTERIOR SIDE OF THE ARM
25
WHICH IS NOT INCLUDED IN THE LOWER EXTREMITY FUNCTIONAL TEST (LEFT)?
- CARIOCA
- LATERAL SKIPS
- SIDE SHUFFLE
- BACKPEDAL
LATERAL SKIPS
*LEFT TEST INVLOLVES SPRINTING, BACKPEDALING, SIDE SHUFFLING (EACH WAY), CARIOCA (EACH WAY) AND SPRINTING AGAIN
26
FOR THE CIRCUMFERENCE MEASUREMENT OF THE THIGH WHAT IS THE CORRECT POSITION OF THE MEASURING TAPE?
10 INCHES ABOVE THE TOP OF THE PATELLA
27
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CAN BE USED TO DETERMINE BODY FAT (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
```
1 SKIN FOLD MEASUREMENT
2 CIRCUMFERENCE MEASUREMENT
3 BODY WEIGHT MEASUREMENT
4 WHOLE BODY PLETHYSMOGRAPHY
5 UNDERWATER WEIGHING
```
1, 4, 5
28
WHEN DETERMINING BODY COMPOSITION WHICH FACTOR CAN SERVE TO DECREASE THE ACCURACY OF THE MEASUREMENT?
AGE
HEIGHT
SPORT PLAYED
LARGE AMOUNTS OF FAT MASS
LARGE AMOUNTS OF FAT MASS
29
TO MEASURE CORE STRENGTH WHICH TEST IS USED?
DOUBLE-LEG LOWERING TEST
DAVIES TEST
PUSH UP TEST
SINGE-LEG STAR BALANCE EXCURSION TEST
DOUBLE-LEG LOWERING TEST
30
WHEN ASSESSING STATIC POSTURE IN A LATERAL VIEW, WHERE SHOULD THE VERTICAL LINE FROM THE LATERAL MALLEOLUS RUN THROUGH ABOVE THE SHOULDERS?
THE MIDDLE OF THE EAR
NONE OF THESE
THE BACK OF THE HEAD
THE LATERAL EDGE OF THE EYE
THE MIDDLE OF THE EAR
31
A PERSON EXPERIENCES KNEE VALGUS DURING THE OVERHEAD SQUAT ASSESSMENT, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT LIKELY TO INFLUENCE THIS MOVEMENT IMPAIRMENT?
- RESTRICTED ANKLE DORSIFLEXION
- DECREASED HIP ABDUCTOR STRENGTH
- DECREASED HIP ADDUCTOR ACTIVITY
- DECREASED HIP EXTERNAL ROTATOR STRENGTH
DECREASED HIP ADDUCTOR ACTIVITY
*THIS IS CORRECT BECAUSE INCREASED HIP ADDUCTOR ACTIVITY TYPICALLY LEADS TO KNEE VALGUS DURING THE ASSESSMENT.
32
MEASUREMENT OF POWER DEVELOPMENT IN ANY PLANE OF MOTION CAN OCCUR BY USING WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SPORTS PERFORMANCE TEST?
- VERTICAL JUMPS
- HORIZONTAL JUMPS
- SHARK SKILL TEST
- ROTATIONAL MEDICINE BALL THROW
HORIZONTAL JUMPS
*BOTH DOUBLE AND SINGLE LEG VERSIONS CAN BE PERFORMED FORWARD (SAGITTAL), LATERALLY (FRONTAL) AND ROTATING (TRANSVERSE)
33
WHEN MEASURING BODY FAT PERCENTAGE WHY IS THE BF GIVEN AS A RANGE?
- TO SPARE THE ATHLETES FEELINGS
- DUE TO DIFFERENCE IN DENSITY BETWEEN FAT AND MUSCLE
- DUE TO DIFFERENCES IN VARIOUS RACES IN THE HUMAN POPULATION
- DUE TO THE VARIOUS SOURCES OF MEASUREMENT ERROR
DUE TO THE VARIOUS SOURCES OF MEASUREMENT ERROR
34
DURING A STATIC POSTURE ASSESSMENT, WHICH VIEW WOULD BE BEST TO DETERMINE THE POSITIONING OF THE PELVIS IN THE FRONTAL PLANE?
POSTERIOR VIEW
LATERAL VIEW
ANTERIOR VIEW
SUPERIOR VIEW
POSTERIOR VIEW.
*THIS IS THE BEST VIEW THAT BECAUSE IT GIVES THE BEST VIEW OF THE POSTERIOR SUPERIOR ILIAC SPINE, AND THE POSITIONING OF THE GLUTE MUSCLES CAN GIVE INDICATION OF WHETHER THE PELVIS IS LEVEL.
35
TO DETERMINE UPPER AND LOWER EXTREMITY STRENGTH THROUGH THE BENCH PRESS AND SQUAT, RESPECTIVELY WHICH RANGE(S) OF REPS IS RECOMMENDED FOR THE ATHLETE TO ACCURATELY ESTIMATE THEIR 1RM?
____-____REPS
3-5 REPS
36
THE HARVARD STEP TEST USES WHAT CADENCE AND WHAT DURATION OF TIME TO OBTAIN ACCURATE RESULTS?
_____STEPS PER MINUTE
FOR
_____ MINUTES
30 STEPS PER MINUTE FOR 5 MINUTES
37
WHICH COMPENSATION IS MOST LIKELY DURING AN OHA IF THE ATHLETE HAS OVERACTIVE HIP FLEXOR AND ERECTOR SPINAE MUSCLES AND UNDERACTIVE HAMSTRINGS AND GLUTEUS MAXIMUS MUSCLES
- ARCH OF LOWER BACK
- ARMS FALL FORWARD
- TURNING OUT OF THE FEET
- KNEE VALGUS
ARCH OF LOWER BACK
38
DURING THE LANDING ERROR SCORING SYSTEM DYNAMIC POSTURAL ASSESSMENT, HOW FAR SHOULD THE ATHLETE LAND AWAY FROM THE BOX?
- THE HEIGHT OF THE ATHLETE
- 30 CENTIMETERS
- 1 FOOT
- 1/2 THE ATHLETE'S HEIGHT
1/2 THE ATHLETE'S HEIGHT
*THIS DISTANCE PROVIDES A RELATIVE AND SAFE DISTANCE FOR THE ATHLETE TO BE CHALLENGES AND LAND WITH PROPER TECHNIQUE
39
A NORMAL SCORE ON THE SORENSEN ERECTOR SPINAE TEST WOULD REQUIRE THE ATHLETE TO MAINTAIN EXTENSION AT WHICH ANGLE FOR WHAT DURATION?
- 15 DEGREES FOR 30 SECONDS
- 30 DEGREES FOR 30 SECONDS
- 30 DEGREES FOR 60 SECONDS
- 45 DEGREES FOR 60 SECONDS
30 DEGREES FOR 30 SECONDS
*THIS IS CORRECT BECAUSE EXTENDING THE LUMBAR SPINE FOR 30 DEGREES WITH ENSURE THE ERECTOR SPINAE MUSCLES ARE FULLY ACTIVATED.
40
WHICH TRAINING VARIABLES IS REQUIRED TO CAUSE NEURAL ADAPTATIONS TO OCCUR?
HIGH VOLUME
HIGH INTENSITY
LOW VOLUME
LOW INTENSITY
HIGH INTENSITY
41
WHAT IS THE REGION OF THE SARCOMERE WHERE THE MYOSIN FILAMENTS ARE PREDOMINANTLY SEEN WITH MINOR OVERLAP OF THE ACTIN FILAMENTS?
A-BAND
42
AN ABILITY TO RAPIDLY INCREASE MOVEMENT VELOCITY
ACCELERATION
43
IRRITATION AND INFLAMMATION OF THE ACHILLE TENDON
ACHILLES TENDONITIS
44
THE ACCUMULATION OF EXCESSIVE HYDROGEN THAT CAUSES INCREASED ACIDITY OF THE BLOOD AND MUSCLE
ACIDOSIS
45
ONE OF THE TWO MAJOR MYOFILAMENTS , ACTINE IS THE "THIN" FILAMENT THAT ACTS ALONG WITH MYOSIN TO PRODUCE MUSCULAR CONTRACTION
ACTIN
46
NERVE IMPULSES THAT ALLOWS NEURONS TO TRANSMIT INFORMATION
ACTION POTENTIAL
47
DESIGNED TO IMPROVE SOFT TISSUE EXTENSIBILITY IN ALL PLANES OF MOTION BY EMPLOYING THE NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE OF RECIPROCAL INHIBITION.
THIS UTILIZES AGONISTS AND SYNERGISTS TO ACTIVELY MOVE A LIMB THROUGH A RANGE OF MOTION, WHILE THE FUNCTIONAL ANTAGONISTS ARE BEING STRETCHED.
THIS INCORPORATES NEUROMUSCULAR STRETCHING AND ACTIVE-ISOLATED STRETCHING.
ACTIVE FLEXIBILITY
48
STRETCHING TECHNIQUE THAT USES AGONISTS AND SYNERGISTS TO DYNAMICALLY MOVE THE JOINT THROUGH A ROM
ACTIVE-ISOLATED STRETCHING
49
IMPORTANT COMPONENTS THAT SPECIFY HOW EACH EXERCISE IS TO BE PERFORMED?
ACUTE VARIABLE
50
THE HUMAN BODY'S ABILITY TO ADAPT OR ADJUST ITS FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY TO MEET THE DEMANDS PLACED UPON IT.
ADAPTATIONS
51
ENERGY STORAGE AND TRANSFER UNIT WITHING CELLS OF THE BODY
ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP)
52
A RECOMMENDED AVG DAILY NUTRIENT INTAKE LEVEL, BASED ON OBSERVED (OR EXPERIMENTALLY DETERMINED) APPROXIMATIONS OR ESTIMATES OF NUTRIENT INTAKE THAT ARE ASSUMED TO BE ADEQUATE FOR A GROUP (OR GROUPS) OF HEALTHY PEOPLE *THIS MEASURE IS USED WHEN AN RDA CANNOT BE DETERMINED
ADEQUATE INTAKE (AI)
53
THESE GATHER INCOMING SENSORY INFORMATION FROM THE ENVIRONMENT AND DELIVER IT TO THE CNS
AFFERENT NEURONS: (AKA SENSORY NEURONS)
54
THE ABILITY TO CHANGE DIRECTION OR ORIENTATION OF THE BODY BASED ON INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL INFORMATION QUICKLY AND ACCURATELY WITHOUT SIGNIFICANT LOSS OF SPEED
AGILITY
55
MUSCLES THAT ARE THE PRIMARY MOVERS IN A JOINT MOTION.
AGONIST (AKA PRIME MOVERS)
56
THE 1ST STAGE OF THE GAS SYNDROME, THE INITIAL REACTION TO A STRESSOR
ALARM REACTION STAGE
57
THE CONCEPT OF MUSCLE INHIBITION, CAUSED BY A TIGHT AGONIST, WHICH INHIBITS ITS FUNCTIONAL ANTAGONIST
ALTERED RECIPROCAL INHIBITION
58
ABNORMAL SUPPRESSION OR ABSENCE OF MENSTRUATION
AMENORRHEA
59
THE ELECTROMECHANICAL DELAY A MUSCLE EXPERIENCES IN THE TRANSITION FROM ECCENTRIC (REDUCING FORCE AND STORING ENERGY) TO CONCENTRIC (PRODUCING FORCE)MUSCLE ACTION
AMORTIZATION PHASE
60
THE POINT DURING HIGH-INTENSITY ACTIVITY WHEN THE BODY CAN NO LONGER MEET ITS DEMAND FOR OXYGEN AND ANAEROBIC METABOLISM PREDOMINATES
ANAEROBIC THRESHOLD (AKA LACTATE THRESHOLD
61
THE OUTER, FIBROUS, RING-LIKE PORTION OF AN INTERVERTEBRAL DISC
ANNULUS FIBROSES
62
MUSCLE THAT ACTS IN DIRECT OPPOSITION TO AGONISTS (PRIME MOVERS)
ANTAGONISTS
63
STABILIZATION SYSTEM CONSITING OF THE
- INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL OBLIQUES
- THE ADDUCTOR COMPLEX
- HIP EXTERNAL ROTATORS
IT IS NECESSARY FOR FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITIES OF THE TRUNK AND UPPER AND LOWER EXTREMITIES. THIS SYSTEM PRODUCES ROTATIONAL AND FLEXION MOVEMENTS AND ALSO IS INSTRUMENTAL IN STABILIZING THE LUMBO-PELVIC HIP COMPLEX
ANTERIOR OBLIQUE SUB-SYSTEM
64
RECOGNIZING CERTAIN STIMULI AND PREPARING THE APPROPRIATE RESPONSE PATTERN IN ADVANCE
ANTICIPATION
65
CONTROLS BLOOD FLOW FROM THE LEFT VENTRICLE TO THE AORTA GOING TO THE ENTIRE BODY
AORTIC SEMILUNAR VALVE
66
THE PORTION OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM THAT INCLUDES THE UPPER AND LOWER EXTREMITIES
APPENDICULAR SKELETON
67
VESSELS THAT THAT TRANSPORT BLOOD AWAY FROM THE HEART
ARTERIES
68
MEDIUM-SIZED ARTERIES THAT FURTHER DIVIDE INTO SMALLER ARTERIES
ARTERIOLES
69
A BIOMECHANICAL DYSFUNCTION IN TWO ARTICULAR PARTNERS THAT LEAD TO ABNORMAL JOINT MOVEMENT (ARTHROKINEMATICS) AND PROPRIOCEPTIONS
ARTHROKINEMATIC DYSFUNCTION
70
THE NEUROMUSCULAR PHENOMENON THAT OCCURS WHEN A JOINT DYSFUNCTION INHIBITS THE MUSCLES THAT SURROUND THE JOINT
ARTHROKINETIC INHIBITION
71
CLOGGING, NARROWING, AND HARDENING OF THE BODY'S LARGE ARTERIES AND MEDIUM-SIZED BLOOD VESSELS. THIS CAN LEAD TO STROKE, HEART ATTACK, EYE PROBLEMS AND KIDNEY PROBLEMS
ATHEROSCLEROSIS
72
A SMALLER CHAMBER LOCATED SUPERIORLY ON EITHER SIDE OF THE HEART
ATRIUM
73
THESE ALLOW FOR PROPER BLOOD FLOW FROM THE ATRIA TO THE VENTRICLES
ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVES
74
A LOSS IN MUSCLE FIBER SIZE
ATROPHY
75
INFORMATION PROVIDED BY SOME EXTERNAL SOURCE
AUGMENTED FEEDBACK
76
THE PROCESS WHEN NEURAL IMPULSES SENSING TENSION ARE GREATER THAN THE IMPULSES CAUSING MUSCLE CONTRACTION. STIMULATION OF THE GOLGI TENDON ORGAN OVERRIDES THE MUSCLE SPINDLE
AUTOGENIC INHIBITION
77
THE PORTION OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM THAT CONSISTS OF THE SKULL, RIB CAGE AND VERTEBRAL COLUMN
AXIAL SKELETON
78
A CYLINDRICAL PROJECTION FROM THE CELL BODY THAT TRANSMITS NERVOUS IMPULSES TO OTHER NEURONS OR EFFECTOR SITES
AXON
79
PROPER ALIGNMENT OF THE REAR LEG AND PELVIS DURING SPRINTING, WHICH INCLUDES ANKLE PLANTAR FLEXION , KNEE EXTENSION, HIP EXTENSION AND NEUTRAL PELVIS
BACKSIDE MECHANICS
80
WHERE IS THE ATHLETE MOST LIKELY TO FAIL WHEN PERFORMING A BACK SQUAT?
WHEN RACKING THE BARBELL
UNRACKING THE BABRBELL.
DURING THE DESCENT
WHEN THIGHS ARE PARALLEL TO THE FLOOR
WHEN THIGHS ARE PARALLEL TO THE FLOOR
*THIS IS CORRECT BECAUSE THIS IS THE MOST DISADVANTAGIOUS POSITION THE ATHLETE CAN BE IN FOR THIS QUESTION
81
WHICH MUSCLE MUST BE ACTIVATED TO PREVENT THE BERBELL FROM MOVING FORWARD AND AWAY FROM THE BODY DURING THE FIRST PULL OF THE OLYMPIC LIFT?
- LAT DORSI
- TRAPEZIUS
- BICEPS FEMORIS
- ANTERIOR DELTOID
LAT DORSI
*THIS MUSCLE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR STABILIZING THE SHOULDER JOINT WHEN ISOMETRICALLY CONTRACTING
82
WHEN PERFORMING AN OVERHEAD PRESS. WHAT POSITION SHOULD BE INSTRUCTED TO BRING THE BARBELL TO AT THE BOTTOM POSITION OF THE EXERCISE?
- BEHIND THE NECK
- PRESSED OUT ABOVE THE HEAD
- IN FRONT OF THE NECK
- TOP OF THE HEAD
IN FRONT OF THE NECK
83
WHICH PHASES OF SNATCH EXERCISE IS NOT AIDED BY PERFORMING THE SNATCH DEADLIFT?
- SHIFT
- STARTING POSITION
- FIRST PULL
- TOP PULL
TOP PULL
*THIS IS CORRECT BECAUSE THE SNATCH DEADLIFT ELEVATES THE BARBELL TO THE MID-THIGH REGION ONLY
84
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING OLYMPIC GRIPS IS UNIQUE TO OLYMPIC LIFTS?
- SUPINATED GRIP
- HOOK GRIP
- NEUTRAL GRIP
- PRONATED GRIP
HOOK GRIP
85
DURING THE 1ST PULL OF THE CLEAN AND JERK EXERCISE WHAT SHOULD HAPPEN TO THE ANGLE OF THE BACK RELATIVE TO THE FLOOR?
- INCREASE RAPIDLY
- INCREASE SLOWLY
- DECREASE
- REMAIN THE SAME
REMAIN THE SAME
*THIS WILL ALLOW THE SPINE TO REMAIN IN A SAFE POSITION
86
AN ATHLETE DOES NOT REQUIRE MAXIMUM FLEXIBILITY IN WHICH MUSCLE GROUP IN ORDER TO PERFORM THE DEEP CATCH POSITION OF THE OLYMPIC LIFTS?
- WRIST FLEXORS
- HIP FLEXORS
- KNEE EXTENSORS
- PLANTAR FLEXORS
HIP FLEXORS
*THIS IS CORRECT BECAUSE THE FLEXED HIP POSITION IS USED DURING THE DEEP CATCH POSITION AND THEREFORE THIS MUSCLE GROUP IS SHORTENED NOT ELONGATED
87
THE ABILITY TO SUSTAIN OR RETURN THE BODY'S CENTER OF MASS OR LINE OF GRAVITY OVER ITS BASE OF SUPPORTS
BALANCE
88
A PORTION OF THE LOWER BRAIN THAT IS INSTRUMENTAL IN THE INITIATION AND CONTROL OF REPETITIVE VOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS SUCH AS WALKING AND RUNNING
BASAL GANGLIA
89
TWO CUSPS CONTROL THE BLOOD FLOW FROM THE LEFT ATRIUM TO THE LEFT VENTRICLE
BICUSPID (MITRAL) VALVE
90
THREE MAIN PATHWAYS UTILIZED BY THE KINETIC CHAIN TO PRODUCE ATP
BIOENERGETIC CONTINUUM
91
MUSCLE FIBERS THAT ARE ARRANGED WITH SHORT, OBLIQUE FIBERS THAT EXTEND FROM BOTH SIDES OF A LONG TENDON. AN EXAMPLE WOULD BE THE RECTUS FEMORIS
BIPENNIFORM MUSCLE FIBERS
92
FORM A CLOSED CIRCUIT OF HOLLOW TUBES THAT ALLOW BLOOD TO BE TRANSPORTED TO AND FROM THE HEART
BLOOD VESSELS
93
THE ACT OF "STIFFENING" OR "TIGHTENING" THE MUSCLES OF THE MIDSECTION (GLOBAL CORE STABILIZERS)
BRACING
94
THE LINK BETWEEN THE SENSORY AND MOTOR NERVERS COMING FROM THE BRAIN TO THE BODY AND VICE VERSA
BRAIN STEM
95
THE ENERGY CONTAINED IN FOOD, MEASURED IN KILOCALORIES. A UNIT OF MEASUREMENT OF HEAT. THE AMOUNT OF HEAT NEEDED TO RAISE THE TEMPERATURE OF WATER FROM 14.4 C TO 15.5 C
CALORIES
96
ARTERIOLES THAT BRANCH OUT INTO A MULTITUDE OF MICROSCOPIC VESSELS
CAPILLARIES
97
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS OF CARBON, HYDROGEN, AND OXYGEN, WHICH INCLUDES STARCHES, CELLULOSE, AND SUGARS, AND ARE AN IMPORTANT SOURCE OF ENERGY.
CARBOHYDRATE:
ALL CARBOHYDRATES ARE EVENTUALLY BROKEN DOWN IN THE BODY TO GLUCOSE, A SIMPLE SUGAR
98
HEART MUSCLE
CARDIAC MUSCLE
99
HEART RATE X STROKE VOLUME. THE OVERALL PERFORMANCE OF THE HEART
CARDIAC OUTPUT (Q)
100
THE COMBINATION OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS THAT PROVIDE THE TISSUES OF THE KINETIC CHAIN WITH OXYGEN , NUTRIENTS, PROTECTIVE AGENTS, AND A MEANS TO REMOVE WASTE BY-PRODUCTS
CARDIORESPIRATORY (CR) SYSTEM
101
ANY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY THAT INVOLVES AND PLACE STRESS ON THE CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM. TRAINING THAT INVOLVES AND PLACES STRESS ON THE CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM.
CARDIORESPIRATORY TRAINING
102
THE SYSTEM THAT IS COMPOSED OF THE HEART, BLOOD VESSELS, AND BLOOD
CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDER
103
DIRECTS IMPULSES THAT WILL EITHER INCREASE OR DECREASE CARDIAC OUTPUT AND PERIPHERAL RESISTANCE BASED UPON FEEDBACK FROM ALL STRUCTURES INVOLVED
CARDIOVASCULAR CONTROL CENTER (CVC)
104
THE PREDOMINANT PHOSPHOPROTEIN THAT ACCOUNTS FOR NEARLY 80% OF PROTEINS IN MILK AND CHEESE
CASEIN
105
THE PORTION OF THE NEURON THAT CONTAINS THE NUCLEUS, LYSOSOMES, MITOCHONDRIA, AND A GOLGI COMPLEX
CELL BODY
106
CONTROLS HEART RATE, LEFT VENTRICULAR CONTRACTIBILITY AND ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE BY MANIPULATING THE SYMPATHETIC AND PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEMS
CENTRAL CONTROLLER
107
THE PORTION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM THAT CONSISTS OF THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD
CNS
108
A PORTION OF THE LOWER-BRAIN THAT COMPARES SENSORY INFO FROM THE BODY AND THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT WITH MOTOR INFO FROM THE CEREBRAL CORTEX TO ENSURE SMOOTH COORDINATED MOVEMENT
CEREBELLUM
109
A PORTION OF THE BRAIN THAT CONSISTS OF THE FRONTAL LOBE , OCCIPITAL LOBE AND TEMPORAL LOBE
CEREBRAL CORTEX
110
SENSORY RECEPTORS THAT RESPOND TO CHEMICAL INTERACTION (SMELL AND TASTE)
CHEMORECEPTORS
111
THIS CONSISTS OF A SERIES OF EXERCISE THAT AN INDIVIDUAL PERFORMS ONE AFTER ANOTHER WITH MINIMAL REST
CIRCUIT TRAINING SYSTEM
112
THE 2ND OF TWO OLYMPIC LIFTS AND IS CONSIDERED A DOUBLE MOVEMENT. THE CLEAN IN THE PHASE INVOLVING THE LIFTING OF THE BARBELL FROM THE FLOOR TO THE SHOULDERS AND THE JERK IS THE EXPLOSIVE LIFTING OF THE BARBELL FROM THE SHOULDER TO OVERHEAD
CLEAN & JERK
113
MUSCLES CONTRACT TOGETHER IN A FORCE COUPLE
CO-CONTRACTION
114
A PROTEIN THAT IS FOUND IN CONNECTIVE TISSUE THAT PROVIDES TENSILE STRENGTH. THIS, UNLIKE ELASTIN, IS NOT VERY ELASTIC
COLLAGEN
115
INVOLVE THE PERFORMANCE OF TWO EXERCISES FOR ANTAGONISTIC MUSCLES. FOR EXAMPLE (BENCH PRESS FOLLOWED BY CABLE ROWS... CHEST AND BACK
COMPOUND SETS
116
WHENA MUSCLE EXERTS MORE FORCE THAN IS BEING PLACED UPON IT, THE MUSCLE WILL SHORTEN.
CONCENTRIC
| * AKA ACCELERATION OR FORCE PRODUCTION
117
CONSISTS OF ALL THE STRUCTURES THAT AIR TRAVELS BEFORE ENTERING THE RESPIRATORY PASSAGES
CONDUCTION PASSAGEWAY
118
A JOINT WHERE THE CONDYLE OF ONE BONE FITS INTO THE ELLIPTICAL CAVITY OF ANOTHER BONE TO FORM THE JOINT. AN EXAMPLE WOULD INCLUDE THE KNEE JOINT
CONDYLOID JOINT
119
REFERS TO A POSITION ON THE OPPOSITE SIDE OF THE BODY
CONTRALATERAL
120
TRAINING ENVIRONMENT THAT IS UNSTABLE AS CAN SAFELY BE CONTROLLED
CONTROLLED INSTABILITY
121
THE CENTER OF THE BODY AND THE BEGINNING POINT FOR MOVEMENT. THIS IS CONSIDERED AS THE LUMBO-PELVIC-HIP COMPLEX THAT OPERATES AS AN INTEGRATED FUNCTIONAL UNIT PROVIDING INTERSEGMENTAL STABILITY, DECELERATION AND FORCE PRODUCTION DURING ATHLETIC ACTIVITIES
CORE
122
NEUROMUSCULAR EFFICIENCY OF THE LUMBO-PELVIC-HIP COMPLEX
CORE STABILITY
123
THE ABILITY OF THE LUMBO-PELVIC-HIP COMPLEX MUSCULATURE TO CONTROL AN INDIVIDUAL'S CONSTANTLY CHANGING CENTER OF GRAVITY
CORE STRENGTH
124
A SPECIALIZED FORM OF TRAINING DESIGNED TO CORRECT MUSCLE IMBALANCES, JOINT DYSFUNCTIONS, NEUROMUSCULAR DEFICITS AND POSTURAL DISTORTION PATTERNS THAT THE ATHLETE MAY HAVE DEVELOPED DURING THE SEASON
CORRECTIVE EXERCISE TRAINING
125
DESIGNED TO CORRECT COMMON POSTURAL DYSFUNCTIONS, MUSCLE IMBALANCES AND JOINT DYSFUNCTIONS INCORPORATING SELF-MYOFASCIAL RELEASE, STATIC STRETCHING AND NEUROMUSCULAR STRETCHING
CORRECTIVE FLEXIBILITY
126
A HIGH-ENERGY PHOSPHATE MOLECULE THAT IS STORED IN CELLS AND CAN BE USED TO RE-SYNTHESIZE ATP IMMEDIATELY
CREATINE PHOSPHATE
127
A CYCLE WHEREBY AN "INJURY" WILL INDUCE INFLAMMATION, MUSCLE SPASM, ADHESIONS, ALTERED NEUROMUSCULATURE CONTROL AND MUSCLE IMBALANCES
CUMULATIVE CYCLE INJURY
